Sesike saveza ngaphambilini ukuthi i-hydraulic turbine ihlukaniswe ibe yi-impact turbine kanye ne-impact turbine. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nokuphakama kwekhanda okusebenzayo kwama-impact turbine nakho kwethulwe ngaphambilini. Ama-impact turbine angahlukaniswa kanje: ama-bucket turbine, ama-oblique impact turbine kanye nama-double-click turbine, azokwethulwa ngezansi.
Umgijimi we-impingement turbine uhlala usemoyeni, futhi ukugeleza kwamanzi okucindezela okuphezulu okuvela e-penstock kuguqulwe kwaba yi-jet yamahhala enesivinini esikhulu ngaphambi kokungena ku-turbine. kushintsha, ukuze iningi lamandla ayo e-kinetic lidluliselwe kuma-vanes, okuqhubezela umgijimi ukuthi ajikeleze. Phakathi nayo yonke inqubo ye-jet ethinta i-impeller, ingcindezi e-jet ihlala ingashintshi, okucishe kube yingcindezi yomoya.
I-turbine yamabhakede: eyaziwa nangokuthi i-shearing turbine, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni. I-jet yamahhala yesivinini esiphezulu evela ku-nozzle ishaya ama-vanes ngokuqondile ngendlela eqondile ye-runner circumference. Lolu hlobo lwe-turbine lufanelekela iziteshi zamandla kagesi ezinamakhanda aphezulu kanye nokugeleza okuncane, ikakhulukazi lapho ikhanda lidlula ama-400m, ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwamandla esakhiwo kanye ne-cavitation, i-turbine kaFrancis ayifaneleki, futhi i-turbine yohlobo lwebhakede ivame ukusetshenziswa. Ikhanda lamanzi elisetshenzisiwe le-turbine yamabhakede enkulu lingaba ngu-300-1700m, kanti ikhanda lamanzi elisetshenzisiwe le-turbine encane yohlobo lwebhakede lingaba ngu-40-250m. Njengamanje, ikhanda eliphezulu le-turbine yamabhakede lisetshenziswe ku-1767m (i-Austria Lesek Power Station), kanti ikhanda lokuklama le-turbine yamabhakede ye-Tianhu Hydropower Station ezweni lakithi lingama-1022.4m.
I-turbine yohlobo oluthambekele
Ijethi yamahhala evela ku-nozzle ingena ku-vane isuka kolunye uhlangothi lomgijimi bese iphuma ku-vane isuka kolunye uhlangothi ngendlela ekhoneni eya endaweni yokujikeleza komgijimi. Uma kuqhathaniswa nohlobo lwebhakede, ukugcwala kwayo kukhulu, kodwa ukusebenza kahle kuphansi, ngakho-ke lolu hlobo lwe-turbine luvame ukusetshenziswa eziteshini zamandla kagesi ezincane neziphakathi nendawo, futhi ikhanda elifanele ngokuvamile lingu-20-300m.
i-turbine yokuchofoza kabili
Ijethi evela ku-nozzle ithinta ama-runner blades kabili ngokulandelana. Lolu hlobo lwe-turbine lulula ngesakhiwo futhi kulula ukulwenza, kodwa lusebenza kahle futhi lunamandla amabi ama-runner blade. Lufanelekela kuphela iziteshi ezincane zamandla kagesi ezikhipha ugesi ezinomthamo owodwa ongaphezu kuka-1000kW, futhi ikhanda lamanzi elisebenzayo ngokuvamile lingu-5-100m.
Lezi yizigaba zama-turbine athintayo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-turbine athintayo, kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zama-turbine athintayo. Kodwa-ke, ezindaweni ezinomehluko omkhulu wamanzi, ama-turbine athintayo asebenza kahle kakhulu, njengoMfula iYarlung Zangbo ezweni lakithi, lapho ukwehla kufinyelela khona ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-2,000, futhi akunakwenzeka ukwakha amadamu ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngakho-ke, i-turbine ethintayo isibe yisinqumo esihle kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-28-2022
