UHLOBO LWESITSHALO SIKAGESI VS. IZINDLEKO
Esinye sezici eziyinhloko ezithinta izindleko zokwakha zezikhungo zokukhiqiza ugesi uhlobo lwesikhungo esihlongozwayo. Izindleko zokwakha zingahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi ziyizikhungo zamandla ezisebenzisa amalahle noma izitshalo ezisebenzisa igesi yemvelo, ilanga, umoya, noma izikhungo zokukhiqiza ugesi zenuzi. Kubatshalizimali ezindaweni zokukhiqiza ugesi, izindleko zokwakha phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo zezikhungo zokukhiqiza ugesi ziyinto ebalulekile okufanele icatshangelwe lapho kuhlolwa ukuthi utshalomali luzoba nenzuzo yini. Abatshalizimali kumele futhi bacabangele ezinye izici, njengezindleko zokulungisa eziqhubekayo kanye nesidingo sesikhathi esizayo ukuze kunqunywe izinga elihle lembuyiselo. Kodwa okubalulekile kunoma yikuphi ukubala izindleko ezinkulu ezidingekayo ukuze kufakwe isikhungo ku-inthanethi. Ngakho-ke, ingxoxo emfushane yezindleko zokwakha zangempela zezinhlobo ezahlukene zezikhungo zamandla iyindawo yokuqala ewusizo ngaphambi kokuhlola ezinye izindlela ezithonya izindleko zokwakha izikhungo zamandla.
Uma uhlaziya izindleko zokwakha izikhungo zikagesi kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi izindleko zokwakha eziqashelwayo zingathonywa yizinto eziningi ezishintshayo. Isibonelo, ukufinyelela izinsiza eziqhuba ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kungaba nomthelela omkhulu ezindleleni zokwakha. Izinsiza ezifana nelanga, umoya, kanye ne-geothermal zisatshalaliswa ngokungalingani, futhi izindleko zokufinyelela nokuthuthukisa lezi zinsiza zizokhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Abantu abaqala ukungena emakethe bazobamba ukufinyelela kwezinsiza kusebenza okungabizi kakhulu, kuyilapho amaphrojekthi amasha kungadingeka akhokhe kakhulu ukuze afinyelele izinsiza ezifanayo. Indawo yokulawula yendawo yesikhungo sikagesi ingaba nomthelela omkhulu esikhathini sokuhola sephrojekthi yokwakha. Kumaphrojekthi anotshalomali olukhulu ekuqaleni ekwakheni lokhu kungaholela ekwandeni kwenzalo kanye nezindleko zokwakha ezijwayelekile. Ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe mayelana nezici eziningi ezingathonya izindleko zokwakha zezikhungo zikagesi, bheka i-Capital Cost Estimates for Utility Scale Electricity Generating Plants eyakhishwa yi-US Energy Information Administration (EIA) ngo-2016.
Izindleko zokwakha izitshalo zamandla zethulwa njengezindleko ngamadola nge-kilowatt ngayinye. Ulwazi olunikezwe kulesi sigaba lunikezwa yi-EIA. Ngokukhethekile, sizosebenzisa izindleko zokwakha izitshalo zamandla zezikhungo zokuphehla ugesi ezakhiwe ngo-2015, ezitholakala lapha. Lolu lwazi luyisikhathi samanje kakhulu olunikezwayo, kodwa i-EIA kulindeleke ukuthi ikhiphe izindleko zokwakha izitshalo zamandla ngo-2016 ngoJulayi 2018. Kulabo abanentshisekelo ezindlekweni zokwakha izitshalo zamandla, izincwadi ze-EIA zingenye yemithombo yolwazi ewusizo kakhulu etholakalayo. Idatha enikezwe yi-EIA iwusizo ekuboniseni uhlobo oluyinkimbinkimbi lwezindleko zokwakha izitshalo zamandla, futhi iqokomisa inqwaba yezinto eziguquguqukayo ezingagcini nje ngokuthinta izindleko zokwakha izitshalo zamandla kodwa futhi nenzuzo eqhubekayo.
IZINDLEKO ZOMSEBENZI NEZINTO ...
Umsebenzi nezinto zokwakha ziyizinto ezimbili eziyinhloko ezibangela izindleko zokwakha izikhungo zikagesi, futhi zombili ziholela ekukhuphukeni kwezindleko zokwakha minyaka yonke kuzo zonke izimboni. Ukugcina unolwazi ngokuguquguquka komsebenzi nezinto zokwakha kubalulekile lapho kuhlolwa izindleko zokwakha eziphelele zezikhungo zikagesi. Ukwakhiwa kwezikhungo zikagesi ngokuvamile kuwumsebenzi onwetshiwe. Amaphrojekthi angathatha phakathi konyaka owodwa nowesithupha ukuze aqedwe okungenani, kanti amanye aqhubekela phambili kakhulu. I-EIA ikhomba ngokufanele ukuthi umehluko phakathi kwezindleko ezilindelwe kanye nezangempela zezinto zokwakha kanye nokwakhiwa phakathi nephrojekthi kubalulekile ukucatshangelwa futhi ungaba nomthelela omkhulu ezindleleni zokwakha.
Izindleko zokwakha ngokuvamile ziyakhuphuka, kodwa ezimbili zezinto ezibangela lokhu umthwalo wezinto zokwakha kanye nomsebenzi. Izindleko zezinto zokwakha zikhuphuke kakhulu ezinyangeni zamuva nje, futhi zingase ziqhubeke nokukhuphuka uma izimo zenqubomgomo zamanje zingagcinwa. Ikakhulukazi, intela yokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kwezinsimbi ezibalulekile, okuhlanganisa insimbi, i-aluminium, nensimbi, kanye nokhuni oluvela eCanada, ikhiqiza ukuguquguquka okukhulu kwezindleko zezinto zokwakha. Izindleko zezinto zokwakha zangempela okwamanje zikhuphuke cishe ngo-10% ngoJulayi 2017. Lo mkhuba awubonakali uncipha esikhathini esizayo esibonakalayo. Insimbi ibaluleke kakhulu ezakhiweni zezitshalo zikagesi, ngakho-ke intela eqhubekayo yensimbi engenisiwe ingabangela ukwanda kwezindleko ezinkulu zokwakhiwa kwezitshalo zikagesi zazo zonke izinhlobo.
Ukwanda kwezindleko zabasebenzi embonini yokwakha nakho kunegalelo ekwenyukeni kwezindleko zokwakha. Ukwanda kwezindleko zabasebenzi kubangelwa ukushoda kwabasebenzi abanamakhono okubangelwa inani eliphansi labantu abaneminyaka eyinkulungwane emisebenzini yokwakha kanye nokuncipha okukhulu kwabasebenzi bokwakha ngesikhathi nangemva kokwehla komnotho. Nakuba izinkampani eziningi zokwakha zihlanganisa izinhlelo zendlela yomsebenzi ukuze zihehe abantu abaneminyaka eyinkulungwane ezimbonini zokuhweba, kuzothatha isikhathi ukubona ngokugcwele umphumela wale mizamo. Lokhu kushoda kwabasebenzi kubonakala kakhulu ezindaweni zasemadolobheni lapho kukhona ukuncintisana okunzima kwabasebenzi abanamakhono. Kumaphrojekthi okwakha iziteshi zikagesi eduze kwezindawo zasemadolobheni, ukufinyelela kwabasebenzi abanamakhono kungase kuncishiswe futhi kungase kube yinto ebiza kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-22-2022
