Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, Chile iyo Peru waxay wajaheen caqabado joogto ah oo la xiriira sahayda tamarta, gaar ahaan miyiga iyo gobollada fogfog halkaas oo marin u helka shabakadda qaranku ay tahay mid xaddidan ama aan la isku halayn karin. Iyadoo labada dal ay horumarro la taaban karo ka sameeyeen horumarinta tamarta la cusboonaysiin karo, oo ay ku jiraan qoraxda iyo dabaysha, tamarta yar-yar ee tamarta waxay bixisaa xal rajo leh, laakiin aan laga faa'iidaysan, si loo daboolo baahiyaha tamarta deegaanka si joogto ah oo hufan.
Waa maxay Micro-Hydropower?
Korontada yar-yar waxa loola jeedaa nidaamyada korantada-yar-yar ee sida caadiga ah dhaliya ilaa 100 kilowatts (kW) oo koronto ah. Si ka duwan biyo-xireennada waaweyn, nidaamyada micro-hydro uma baahna kaabayaal waaweyn ama kayd biyood oo waaweyn. Taa beddelkeeda, waxay isticmaalaan socodka dabiiciga ah ee webiyada ama durdurrada si ay u kaxeeyaan marawaxadaha oo ay u dhaliyaan koronto. Nidaamyadan waxaa lagu rakibi karaa agagaarka bulshooyinka, beeraha, ama goobaha warshadaha, siinaya awood baahsan oo tamar la isku halayn karo.
Loolanka Korontada ee Chile iyo Peru
Labada Chile iyo Peru waxay leeyihiin gobollo lagu garto dhul buuraley ah iyo dad kala firirsan, taas oo adkeyneysa kharashna ku bixineysa in la kordhiyo korontada qaranka. In kasta oo ay dawladdu dadaal ugu jirto sidii ay u hagaajin lahayd koronto-siinta miyiga, haddana bulshooyinka qaar ayaa wali la kulma koronto joogto ah ama waxay ku tiirsan yihiin matoorrada naaftada, kuwaas oo isugu jira kuwo qaali ah iyo kuwo deegaan ahaan waxyeello u leh.
Chile, gaar ahaan gobollada koonfureed sida Araucanía iyo Los Ríos, bulshooyinka miyiga ah waxay inta badan ku tiirsan yihiin alwaax-gubida ama naaftada tamarta. Sidoo kale, buuraha Andean ee Peru, tuulooyin badan ayaa ku yaal meel ka fog kaabayaasha tamarta dhexe. Xaaladahan ayaa hoosta ka xariiqaya baahida loo qabo xalal tamar la cusboonaysiin karo oo deegaan ah.
Faa'iidooyinka Micro-Hydropower ee Chile iyo Peru
Khayraadka Biyaha Badan: Labada waddanba waxay leeyihiin wabiyo badan, togagyo, iyo maro-biyoodyo joog sarreeya oo ku habboon mashaariicda yar yar ee biyaha, gaar ahaan Andes.
Saamaynta Deegaanka Hooseysa: Nidaamyada-hayaro-hayaro-gudaha uma baahna biyo-xireenno waaweyn ama si weyn u carqaladeeyaan nidaamka deegaanka. Waxay ku shaqayn karaan iyagoo isticmaalaya qulqulka biyaha ee jira iyadoo faragelin yar ay ku jirto.
Kharash wax ku ool ah oo la isku halleyn karo: Kadib rakibidda, dhirta micro-hydro waxay bixisaa kharashyo hawleed hooseeya iyo isku halaynta muddada dheer, oo inta badan bixisa koronto 24/7 oo ka duwan qorraxda ama dabaysha kuwaas oo kala go'a.
Madaxbanaanida Tamarta: Bulshooyinka waxay dhalin karaan koronto u gaar ah gudaha, iyagoo yareynaya ku tiirsanaanta shidaalka naaftada ama xadhkaha tamarta fog.
Faa'iidooyinka Bulsho iyo Dhaqaale: Helitaanka koronto la isku halayn karo waxay wanaajin kartaa waxbarashada, daryeelka caafimaadka, habaynta beeraha, iyo hawlaha ganacsiga yar yar ee meelaha aan adeegsanayn.
Tusaalooyinka Najaxa iyo Mustaqbalka Mustaqbalka
Labada waddanba, mashaariicda tijaabada ah waxay hore u muujiyeen ku-shaqaynta tamarta yar-yar. Tusaale ahaan:
Chile waxa ay hirgelisay barnaamijyo koronto oo miyiga oo ay ku darayso micro-hydro bulshooyinka Mapuche, iyaga oo awood siinaya madax-banaanida tamarta iyo kor u qaadida horumar waara.
Peru waxa ay taageertay rakibaadda micro-hydro-ga ay hogaamiso bulshadu iyada oo la kaashanaysa NGO-yada iyo ururada caalamiga ah, taas oo u sahlaysa in ay helaan koronto kumanaan qoys oo ku nool Andes.
Kordhinta dadaalladan iyada oo loo marayo siyaasado taageero ah, hababka maalgelinta, iyo dhisidda awoodda maxalliga ah waxay si weyn kor ugu qaadi kartaa saameyntooda. Marka la isku daro micro-hydro iyo waxyaalaha kale ee la cusboonaysiin karo sida qoraxda, nidaamyada isku-dhafka ah ayaa la horumarin karaa si loo hubiyo xitaa amniga tamarta weyn.
Gabagabo
Micro-hydropower waxay ka dhigan tahay xal la taaban karo oo waara si loo caawiyo Chile iyo Peru inay ka gudbaan koronto yaraan, gaar ahaan gobollada fog iyo buuraha. Maalgelinta habboon iyo ka-qaybgalka bulshada, nidaamyadan yar-yar waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaari karaan helitaanka sinnaanta tamarta iyo kobcinta adkeysi, horumarinta kaarboon-yar ee gobolka oo dhan.
Waqtiga boostada: Meey-09-2025
