Dhowaan, dowladda Switzerland waxay diyaarisay siyaasad cusub. Haddii dhibaatada tamarta ee hadda jirta ay sii xumaato, Switzerland waxay mamnuuci doontaa wadista baabuurta korontada safarka "aan loo baahnayn".
Xogta laxiriirta waxay muujineysaa in qiyaastii 60% tamarta Switzerland ay ka timaado xarumaha tamarta laga dhaliyo iyo 30% tamarta nukliyeerka. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dawladdu waxay ballan qaaday inay baabi'in doonto tamarta nukliyeerka, inta soo hartayna waxay ka imanaysaa beeraha dabaysha iyo shidaalka dabiiciga ah. Tirakoobku wuxuu muujinayaa in Switzerland ay soo saarto tamar ku filan sannad kasta si ay u ilaaliso iftiinka, laakiin isbeddellada cimilada xilliyeed waxay horseedi doontaa xaalado aan la saadaalin karin.
Biyaha roobka iyo barafku bilaha kulushahay waxay ilaalin karaan heerka biyaha webiga waxayna siin karaan agabka lagama maarmaanka u ah soo saarida tamarta biyaha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, heerka biyaha harooyinka iyo webiyada bilaha qabow iyo xagaaga Yurub ee aan caadiga ahayn ayaa hoos u dhacay, taas oo keentay in tamarta biyaha laga dhaliyo ay yaraato, sidaas darteed Switzerland waa in ay ku tiirsanaato tamarta la soo dejiyo.
Markii hore dalka Switzerland waxa uu Koronto kala soo degi jiray Faransiiska iyo Jarmalka, si uu u daboolo dhammaan baahiyaadka dhanka Korontada ah, balse sanadkan xaaladdu waa ay iska beddeshay, waxaana sidoo kale mashquul badan oo dhanka tamarta ah ee dalalka deriska ah.
Faransiiska waxa uu ahaa dhoofiyaha saafiga ah ee korontada muddo tobanaan sano ah, laakiin qeybtii hore ee 2022, awoodda nukliyeerka ee Faransiiska ayaa la kulantay dib u dhacyo isdaba joog ah. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, helitaanka cutubyada quwadda nukliyeerka ee Faransiiska ayaa waxyar ka sarreeya 50%, taasoo keentay in Faransiisku noqdo soo dejinta korontada markii ugu horeysay. Sidoo kale iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay hoos u dhaca tamarta nukliyeerka, Faransiiska ayaa laga yaabaa inuu wajaho khatarta korontadu jiilaalkan. Horaantii, hawlwadeenka khadka Faransiiska wuxuu sheegay inay hoos u dhigi doonto isticmaalka 1% ilaa 5% xaaladaha aasaasiga ah, iyo ugu badnaan 15% marka la eego kiiska ugu xun. Marka loo eego tafaasiisha korontada ee ugu dambeysay oo uu shaaca ka qaaday TV-ga Faransiiska ee BFM 2-dii, hawlwadeenka khadka korontada ee Faransiiska ayaa bilaabay inuu dejiyo qorshe go’an oo gaar ah. Goobaha laydhku ka maqan yahay waa dalka oo dhan, qoys walbana waxa ka go’a koronto ilaa laba saacadood maalintii, maalintiina hal mar oo kaliya.
Xaaladda Jarmalka waa la mid. Xaaladda luminta dhuumaha Ruushka ee gaaska dabiiciga ah, adeegyada dadweynaha waa inay la halgamaan.
Horraantii bishii Juun ee sanadkan, Elcom, Guddiga Korantada Federaalka Swiss, ayaa sheegay in hoos u dhaca tamarta Nukliyeerka ee Faransiiska iyo dhoofinta korontada, korontada Switzerland ee ka imanaysa Faransiiska jiilaalka ayaa laga yaabaa inay aad uga yar tahay tii sanadihii hore, taas oo aan meesha ka saarin dhibaatada awoodda awoodda korontada.
Sida warku sheegayo Switzerland ayaa laga yaabaa inay u baahato inay koronto kala soo degto Jarmalka, Austria iyo dalalka kale ee deriska la ah Talyaaniga. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sida laga soo xigtay Elcom, helitaanka dhoofinta korontada ee dalalkan waxay ku xiran tahay inta badan helitaanka gaasta dabiiciga ah ee shidaalka.
Intee bay le'eg tahay farqiga korantada ee Switzerland? Sida laga soo xigtay warbixinnada warbaahinta shisheeye, Switzerland waxay haysataa ku dhawaad 4GWh koronto la soo dejiyo xilliga qaboobaha. Waa maxay sababta aadan u dooran xarumaha kaydinta tamarta korontada? Qiimaha waa sabab muhiim ah. Waxa Yurub ka maqan tignoolajiyada kaydinta tamarta xilliyeed iyo tan fog. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, kaydinta tamarta muddada-dheer lama faafin oo laguma dabaqin miisaan ballaaran.
Sida lagu sheegay sahan ay Elcom ku samaysay 613 shirkadood oo ka shaqeeya korontada Swiss, inta badan shirkadaha ayaa la filayaa inay kordhiyaan kharashka korontada ilaa 47%, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in qiimaha korontada qoysku uu kordho ilaa 20%. Sare u kaca qiimaha gaaska dabiiciga ah, dhuxusha iyo kaarboonka, iyo sidoo kale hoos u dhaca ku yimid tamarta Nukliyeerka ee Faransiiska, ayaa dhamaantood ka qayb qaatay kor u kaca qiimaha korontada ee Switzerland.
Marka loo eego heerkii ugu dambeeyay ee qiimaha korantada ee 183.97 euro/MWh (qiyaastii 1.36 yuan/kWh) gudaha Switzerland, qiimaha suuqa u dhigma ee korontada 4GWh waa ugu yaraan 735900 euro, qiyaastii 5.44 milyan yuan. Haddii qiimaha korontada ugu sarreeya ee Agoosto uu yahay 488.14 euro/MWh (qiyaastii 3.61 yuan/kWh), qiimaha u dhigma ee 4GWh waa qiyaastii 14.4348 milyan yuan.
Mamnuucida tamarta korontada! Mamnuucida aan loo baahnayn ee baabuurta korontada
Tiro ka mid ah warbaahinta ayaa soo wariyay in si loola tacaalo yaraanta suurtagalka ah ee suurtagalka ah iyo in la hubiyo amniga tamarta jiilaalka, Golaha Federaalka Swiss wuxuu hadda diyaarinayaa qoraal qabyo ah oo soo jeedinaya xeerar ku saabsan "xakamaynta iyo mamnuucidda isticmaalka tamarta korontada si loo hubiyo sahayda qaranka", waxay caddeysaa afar marxaladood qorshe hawleed oo ku saabsan ka fogaanshaha koronto la'aanta, iyo fulinta xayiraado kala duwan marka ay dhacaan dhibaatooyin heerar kala duwan ah.
Si kastaba ha ahaatee, mid ka mid ah waxyaabaha ugu muhiimsan ayaa la xiriira mamnuucista wadista baabuurta korontada ee heerka saddexaad. Dukumeentigu wuxuu u baahan yahay in "baabuurta korantada gaarka loo leeyahay loo ogol yahay kaliya in loo isticmaalo safarka lama huraanka ah (sida baahida xirfadeed, dukaamaysiga, la kulanka dhakhtarka, ka qaybgalka hawlaha diinta, iyo ka qaybgalka ballamaha maxkamada)."
Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, celceliska qiimaha iibka baabuurta Swiss waa qiyaastii 300000 sannadkii, iyo saamiga baabuurta korontada ayaa kor u kacaya. Sannadkii 2021, 31823 baabuur koronto oo cusub ayaa lagu daray Switzerland, saamiga baabuurta korontada cusub ee Switzerland laga bilaabo Janaayo ilaa Agoosto 2022 ayaa gaaray 25%. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay chips-ka ku filan iyo dhibaatooyinka sahayda korontada, kobaca baabuurta korontada ee Switzerland sanadkan uma fiicna sidii sanadihii hore.
Swizerland ayaa qorsheyneysa in ay yareyso isticmaalka korontada ee magaalooyinka iyadoo mamnuuceysa in baabuurta korontada lagu dallaco xaaladaha qaarkood. Tani waa hal-abuur cusub laakiin cabbir xad dhaaf ah, taas oo sii iftiiminaysa halista koronto yaraanta Yurub. Tani waxay la macno tahay in Switzerland ay noqon karto waddankii ugu horreeyay ee mamnuuca gawaarida korontada ku shaqeeya. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, xeerkani sidoo kale waa mid aad u qosol badan, sababtoo ah wakhtigan xaadirka ah, gaadiidka caalamiga ah ayaa ka wareegaya baabuurta shidaalka ilaa baabuurta korontada si loo yareeyo ku tiirsanaanta shidaalka fosil iyo xaqiijinta isbeddelka tamarta nadiifka ah.
Marka tiro badan oo baabuur koronto ah lagu xidho korantada, waxay runtii kordhin kartaa halista koronto la'aanta waxayna caqabad ku noqon kartaa hawlgalka xasilloon ee nidaamka korantada. Si kastaba ha noqotee, marka loo eego ra'yiga khubarada warshadaha, baabuurta koronto ee mustaqbalka loo dalacsiin doono si weyn ayaa sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa kaydinta tamarta waxaana si wadajir ah loogu yeeraa inay ka qaybqaataan xiirashada ugu sarreysa iyo buuxinta dooxada ee shabakadda korontada. Milkiilayaasha baabuurtu waxay dalaci karaan marka isticmaalka korontadu yar yahay. Waxay dib u celin karaan sahayda korantada ee shabagga korantada inta lagu jiro xilliga ugu sarreeya ee isticmaalka korontada, ama xitaa marka korontadu gaaban tahay. Tani waxay yaraynaysaa cadaadiska sahayda korontada, waxay hubisaa badbaadada iyo xasiloonida nidaamka tamarta, iyo sidoo kale hagaajinta waxtarka nidaamka tamarta.
Waqtiga boostada: Dec-12-2022
