The unit suction elu nke pumped nchekwa ike ọdụ ga-enwe mmetụta kpọmkwem na ntughari usoro na powerhouse okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu nke ike ọdụ, na a-emighị emi nke gwupụtara ala omimi chọrọ nwere ike ibelata kwekọrọ ekwekọ obodo ewu na-eri nke ike ọdụ; Otú ọ dị, ọ ga-amụbakwa ihe ize ndụ cavitation n'oge arụ ọrụ nke mgbapụta ahụ, ya mere, izi ezi nke nleba anya elu n'oge ntinye mmalite nke ọdụ ike dị ezigbo mkpa. N'ime usoro ntinye ngwa ngwa nke turbine mgbapụta, a chọpụtara na cavitation na-agba ọsọ n'okpuru ọnọdụ ọrụ mgbapụta dị njọ karịa nke dị n'okpuru ọnọdụ ọrụ turbine. Na imewe, a na-ekwenyekarị na ọ bụrụ na cavitation n'okpuru ọnọdụ ọrụ mgbapụta nwere ike izute, a pụkwara izute ọnọdụ ọrụ turbine.
Nhọrọ nke elu suction nke ngwakọta mgbapụta mgbapụta turbine na-ezo aka na ụkpụrụ abụọ:
Nke mbụ, a ga-eme ya dịka ọnọdụ na ọ dịghị cavitation n'okpuru ọnọdụ ọrụ nke mgbapụta mmiri; Nke abuo, nkewa nke kọlụm mmiri enweghị ike ime na usoro mbufe mmiri niile n'oge usoro mgbanwe nke ịjụ ibu otu.
N'ozuzu, ọsọ a kapịrị ọnụ dabara na ọnụọgụ cavitation nke onye na-agba ọsọ. Site na mmụba nke ọsọ ọsọ a kapịrị ọnụ, ọnụọgụ cavitation nke onye na-agba ọsọ na-abawanye, na arụmọrụ cavitation na-ebelata. Ejikọtara na empirical ngụkọta oge uru nke suction elu na ngụkọta oge uru nke draft tube agụụ ogo n'okpuru kasị dị ize ndụ mgbanwe usoro ọnọdụ, na-ewere n'ime akaụntụ na na premise nke ịzọpụta obodo gwupụtara dị ukwuu dị ka o kwere mee, unit nwere zuru ezu submergence omimi iji hụ na nchekwa na kwụsiri ike ọrụ nke unit.
A na-ekpebi omimi nke submergence nke turbine mgbapụta dị elu dị ka enweghị cavitation nke turbine mgbapụta na enweghị nkewa nke kọlụm mmiri na ọkpọkọ ọkpọ n'oge dị iche iche transients. Ihe omimi nke submergence nke turbines na-agbapụta n'ime ụlọ nchekwa nchekwa na-agbapụta dị nnọọ ukwuu, ya mere ntinye ntinye nke nkeji dị ala. The mmiri dị elu nke elu isi nkeji eji na ike osisi na-etinye n'ọrụ na China, dị ka Xilong ọdọ mmiri, bụ - 75m, mgbe mmiri dị elu nke ọtụtụ ike osisi na 400-500m mmiri isi bụ banyere - 70 ka - 80m, na suction elu nke 700m mmiri isi bụ banyere - 100m.
N'oge usoro njụta ibu nke turbine mgbapụta mmiri, mmetụta hammer mmiri na-eme ka nrụgide dị elu nke akụkụ tube nke a na-emepụta na-adaba nke ọma. Site na mmụba ngwa ngwa nke onye na-agba ọsọ na-agba ọsọ n'oge usoro ngbanwe nke ibu, mmiri na-agbagharị agbagharị siri ike na-apụta n'èzí akụkụ nke onye na-agba ọsọ, na-eme ka nrụgide etiti nke ngalaba ahụ dị ala karịa nrụgide n'èzí. Ọ bụ ezie na nkezi nrụgide nke ngalaba ahụ ka dị ukwuu karịa nrụgide vaporization nke mmiri, nrụgide mpaghara nke etiti nwere ike ịdị ala karịa ikuku ikuku nke mmiri, na-eme ka nkewa nke kọlụm mmiri. Na nyocha ọnụọgụgụ nke usoro mgbanwe turbine mgbapụta, ọ bụ naanị nkezi nrụgide nke akụkụ ọ bụla nke ọkpọkọ nwere ike inye. Naanị site na nyocha simulation zuru oke nke usoro ngbanwe nke ibu ibu nwere ike ikpebi nkwụsị nrụgide mpaghara iji zere ihe dị iche iche nke nkewa kọlụm mmiri na ọkpọkọ.
The submergence omimi nke elu isi mgbapụta turbine kwesịrị ọ bụghị naanị izute chọrọ mgbochi ozize, ma hụ na a draft tube enweghị mmiri kọlụm nkewa n'oge dị iche iche mgbanwe usoro. Igwe mmiri mgbapụta dị elu nke ukwuu na-anabata nnukwu omimi nke submergence iji zere nkewa nke kọlụm mmiri n'oge usoro mgbanwe ma hụ na nchekwa nke usoro ntụgharị mmiri na nkeji nke ọdụ ike. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, opekempe omimi nke ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri Geyechuan Pumped Power Station bụ - 98m, na omimi kacha nta nke Shenliuchuan Pumped Power Station bụ - 104m. Ebe nchekwa nchekwa Jixi dị n'ime ụlọ bụ - 85m, Dunhua bụ - 94m, Changlongshan bụ - 94m, Yangjiang bụ - 100m.
Maka otu turbine mgbapụta ahụ, ka ọ na-esi na ọnọdụ ọrụ kachasị mma, otú ahụ ka cavitation siri ike na-ata. N'okpuru ọnọdụ ọrụ nke elu ebuli na obere eruba, ọtụtụ eruba edoghi nwere nnukwu nti n'akuku nke ọgụ, na cavitation dị mfe ime na-adịghị mma nsogbu ebe nke agụba suction elu; N'okpuru ọnọdụ nke obere ebuli na nnukwu eruba, akụkụ na-adịghị mma nke ọgụ nke elu nrụgide agụba dị ukwuu, nke dị mfe ime ka nkewa ahụ na-asọpụta, si otú a na-eduga na cavitation mbuze nke agụba nrụgide elu. N'ozuzu, cavitation ọnụọgụ dịtụ nnukwu maka ọdụ ike na nnukwu isi mgbanwe mgbanwe, na ala echichi elu nwere ike izute chọrọ na ọ dịghị cavitation ga-eme n'oge ọrụ na ala ebuli na elu elu ọnọdụ. Ya mere, ọ bụrụ na isi mmiri dị iche iche dị iche iche, ịdị elu suction ga-abawanye n'ihi ya iji zute ọnọdụ ndị ahụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, omimi nke submergence nke QX bụ - 66m, na MX-68m. N'ihi na mgbanwe nke isi mmiri MX ka ukwuu, ọ na-esiri ike ịghọta mgbanwe na nkwa nke MX.
A na-akọ na ụfọdụ ụlọ ọrụ nchekwa nchekwa nke mba ofesi enwetala nkewa kọlụm mmiri. A na-eme nyocha ihe nlereanya zuru oke nke usoro mgbanwe nke isi ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ nke Japan dị elu na onye na-emepụta ya, a na-amụkwa ihe dị iche iche nke nkewa kọlụm mmiri n'ime omimi iji chọpụta nrụnye elu nke turbine mgbapụta. Nsogbu kacha sie ike maka mgbapụta ọkụ ọkụ na-echekwa bụ nchekwa nke usoro. Ọ dị mkpa iji hụ na nrịbama nrịba nke ikpe ahụ na ọdụ mmiri na-adịghị mma dị n'ime ebe nchekwa dị n'okpuru ọnọdụ ọrụ dị oke egwu, ma hụ na arụmọrụ hydraulic ruru ọkwa nke mbụ, nke nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na nhọrọ nke omimi submergence.
Oge nzipu: Nov-23-2022
