Tashoshin wutar lantarki na nau'in madatsar ruwa sun fi mayar da hankali ne ga tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki da ke gina gine-ginen ruwa a kan koguna don samar da tafki, mai da hankali kan ruwa mai shigowa don haɓaka matakan ruwa, da samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar amfani da bambance-bambancen kai. Babban fasalin shi ne cewa madatsar ruwa da tashar samar da wutar lantarki sun taru ne a cikin guntun kogi guda.
Nau'in tashoshin wutar lantarki na madatsar ruwa gabaɗaya sun haɗa da tsarin kiyaye ruwa, tsarin fitarwa, bututun matsa lamba, tashoshin wutar lantarki, injina, janareta, da kayan aikin taimako. Yawancin gine-ginen da ake ajiye ruwa da madatsun ruwa ke amfani da su matsakaita ne zuwa manyan tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki, yayin da wadanda kofofin ke amfani da su galibi kananan tashoshin wutar lantarki ne. Lokacin da kan ruwa ba shi da tsayi kuma tashar kogin yana da fadi, ana amfani da wutar lantarki sau da yawa a matsayin wani ɓangare na tsarin kiyaye ruwa. Irin wannan tashar wutar lantarki kuma ana kiranta da tashar wutar lantarki ta kogi ko tashar wutar lantarki.
Nau'in tashoshin wutar lantarki na madatsar ruwa za a iya raba su gida biyu bisa la'akari da matsayin da ke tsakanin madatsar ruwa da tashar wutar lantarki: dam a bayan nau'in da nau'in kogi. Gidan wutar lantarki na tashar samar da wutar lantarki irin na madatsar ruwa an shirya shi ne a gefen dam din kuma yana samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar karkatar da ruwa ta bututun matsi. Gidan wutar lantarki da kansa baya ɗaukar matsa lamba na ruwa. Ginin wutar lantarki, madatsar ruwa, malala da sauran gine-ginen tashar samar da wutar lantarki a kogin duk an gina su ne a cikin kogin kuma wani bangare ne na tsarin kula da ruwa, wanda ke dauke da matsi na ruwa. Wannan tsari yana da amfani don ceton jimillar zuba jarin aikin.
Dam din tashar wutar lantarki ta nau'in dam yakan fi girma. Da fari dai, yana amfani da babban kan ruwa don ƙara ƙarfin shigar da tashar wutar lantarki, wanda zai iya dacewa da daidaitattun buƙatun aski na tsarin wutar lantarki; Abu na biyu, akwai babban ƙarfin ajiya wanda zai iya daidaita kwararar kololuwar don rage matsin lamba na sarrafa ambaliya a cikin kogin; Na uku, cikakkun fa'idodin sun fi mahimmanci. Lalacewar ita ce karuwar asarar da ambaliyar tafki ta haifar da wahalar sake tsugunar da mazauna birane da karkara. Don haka, ana gina tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki irin na madatsar ruwa tare da manyan madatsun ruwa da manyan tafkunan ruwa a wuraren da ke da tsaunuka masu tsayi, da kwaruruka, da kwararar ruwa da yawa, da kuma kwararowar ruwa.
Tashoshin wutar lantarki mafi girma a duniya da aka gina sun taru ne a kasar Sin, inda madatsar ruwa ta Three Gorges ke matsayi na farko da karfin da aka girka ya kai kilowatt miliyan 22.5. Baya ga dimbin fa'idodin samar da wutar lantarki, madatsar ruwa ta uku tana kuma da fa'ida sosai wajen tabbatar da shawo kan ambaliyar ruwa, da inganta zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa, da kuma amfani da albarkatun ruwa a tsakiyar kogin Yangtze, wanda ya mai da shi "taska ta kasa".
Tun bayan babban taron jam'iyyar kwaminis ta kasar Sin karo na 19, kasar Sin ta gina tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki da dama da suka shahara a duniya. A ranar 28 ga Yuni, 2021, an fara aiki da rukunin farko na raka'a a tashar samar da wutar lantarki ta Baihetan, tare da jimlar da aka girka mai nauyin kilowatt miliyan 16; A ranar 29 ga watan Yunin 2020, an fara aiki da rukunin farko na tashar Wudongde don samar da wutar lantarki, tare da karfin wutar lantarki mai karfin kilowatt miliyan 10.2. Wadannan tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki guda biyu, tare da Xiluodu, Xiangjiaba, Uku Gorges, da Gezhouba tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki, sun zama babbar hanyar makamashi mai tsabta mafi girma a duniya, tare da karfin wutar lantarki mai karfin kilowatt miliyan 71.695, wanda ya kai kusan kashi 20% na yawan karfin da aka girka a kasar Sin. Suna samar da ingantacciyar shinge don kiyaye amincin ambaliya, amincin jigilar kayayyaki, amincin muhalli, amincin albarkatun ruwa, da amincin makamashi a cikin Kogin Yangtze.
Rahoton na babban taron wakilan jam'iyyar kwaminis ta kasar Sin karo na 20 ya ba da shawarar inganta kololuwar iskar Carbon da kuma kawar da gurbatar yanayi. Haɓaka wutar lantarki da gine-gine za su haifar da sabbin damar ci gaba, kuma makamashin ruwa zai kuma taka rawar "kusurwa" a cikin canjin makamashi da haɓaka mai inganci.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-22-2024
