1. Layout nau'i na tashoshin wutar lantarki
Hanyoyin da aka saba da shi na tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki sun hada da tashoshin wutar lantarki irin na madatsar ruwa, tashoshin wutar lantarki irin na kogi, da tashoshin wutar lantarki na karkatar da wutar lantarki.
Nau'in tashar wutar lantarki ta madatsar ruwa: Yin amfani da jirgin ruwa don ɗaga matakin ruwa a cikin kogin, don tattara kan ruwa. Sau da yawa ana gina shi a cikin manyan tsaunuka masu tsayi a tsakiya da na sama na koguna, gabaɗaya tashar wutar lantarki ce mai matsakaici zuwa babba. Hanyar shimfidawa da aka fi amfani da ita ita ce tashar samar da wutar lantarki da ke karkashin ruwa mai rike da madatsar ruwa kusa da wurin dam din, wanda wata tashar wutar lantarki ce a bayan dam din.
Nau'in tashar wutar lantarki ta kogin: Tashar wutar lantarki inda ake shirya tashar wutar lantarki, kofa mai riƙe ruwa, da madatsar ruwa a jere a bakin kogin don riƙe ruwa tare. Sau da yawa ana gina shi a tsakiyar koguna na ƙasa da ƙasa, galibi ƙaramin kai ne, tashar wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi.
Tashar wutar lantarki ta nau'in karkatarwa: Tashar wutar lantarki da ke amfani da tashar karkatar da wutar lantarki don tattara digon sashin kogi don samar da shugaban samar da wutar lantarki. Sau da yawa ana gina shi a tsakiya da na sama na kogunan da ke da ƙarancin kwarara da manyan gangaren kogin.
2. Haɗin Gine-ginen Gidan Wuta na Hydroelectric
Manyan gine-ginen aikin cibiyar samar da wutar lantarki sun hada da: gine-ginen ruwa, tsarin fitarwa, tsarin shigar da ruwa, tsarin karkatar da wulakanci, tsarin ruwa mai daidaitawa, samar da wutar lantarki, canji, da gine-ginen rarrabawa, da sauransu.
1. Tsarin kiyaye ruwa: Ana amfani da tsarin kiyaye ruwa don tsallaka koguna, tattara ɗigon ruwa, da samar da tafki, kamar madatsun ruwa, kofofi da sauransu.
2. Tsarin sakin ruwa: Ana amfani da tsarin sakin ruwa don sakin ambaliya, ko sakin ruwa don amfanin ƙasa, ko sakin ruwa don rage matakin ruwa na tafki, kamar magudanar ruwa, rami mai malala, magudanar ruwa, da sauransu.
3. Tsarin shan ruwa na tashar wutar lantarki: Ana amfani da tsarin shayar da ruwa na tashar wutar lantarki don shigar da ruwa a cikin tashar karkatarwa, kamar mashigai mai zurfi da mara zurfi tare da matsa lamba ko budewa ba tare da matsa lamba ba.
4. Tsarin karkatar da ruwa da tsarin tela na tashoshin wutar lantarki: Ana amfani da tsarin karkatar da ruwa na tashoshin wutar lantarki don jigilar ruwan samar da wutar lantarki daga tafki zuwa sashin janareta na injina; Ana amfani da tsarin ruwan wutsiya don fitar da ruwan da ake amfani da shi don samar da wutar lantarki zuwa tashar kogin da ke ƙasa. Gine-gine na gama-gari sun haɗa da tashoshi, ramuka, bututun matsa lamba, da dai sauransu, da kuma giciye gine-gine kamar magudanar ruwa, magudanar ruwa, siphon da ba su juye ba, da sauransu.
5. Hydroelectric lebur ruwa Tsarin: Hydroelectric lebur ruwa Tsarin Ana amfani da su tabbatar da canje-canje a kwarara da kuma matsa lamba (ruwan zurfin) lalacewa ta hanyar canje-canje a cikin lodi na hydropower tashar a cikin karkata ko tailwater Tsarin, kamar karuwa dakin a cikin matsa lamba karkata tashar da kuma matsa lamba forebay a karshen mara matsa lamba karkatarwa tashar.
6. Ƙirƙirar wutar lantarki, canji, da gine-gine masu rarraba: ciki har da babban gidan wutar lantarki (ciki har da wurin shigarwa) don shigar da na'urorin injin turbine na hydraulic da kuma sarrafa shi, gidan kayan aiki na kayan taimako, gidan wutan lantarki don shigar da masu canzawa, da kuma babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki don shigar da na'urorin rarraba wutar lantarki mai girma.
7. Sauran gine-gine: irin su jiragen ruwa, bishiyoyi, kifi, toshe yashi, zubar da yashi, da dai sauransu.
Rarraba gama gari na madatsun ruwa
Dam na nufin madatsar ruwa da ke katse koguna da toshe ruwa, haka kuma dam din da ke toshe ruwa a tafki, koguna da sauransu, bisa ka’idojin rabe-rabe daban-daban, ana iya samun hanyoyin rarraba daban-daban. Injiniya an raba shi zuwa nau'ikan kamar haka:
1. Damuwar Ruwa
Dam ɗin nauyi wani dam ne da aka gina shi da kayan aiki kamar siminti ko dutse, wanda galibi ya dogara da nauyin jikin dam ɗin don samun kwanciyar hankali.
Ka'idar aiki na dams nauyi
Karkashin aikin matsa lamba na ruwa da sauran lodi, madatsun ruwa sun fi dogara ne da karfin hana zamewa da nauyin dam din ke samarwa don biyan bukatun kwanciyar hankali; A lokaci guda kuma, ana amfani da matsananciyar matsananciyar damuwa ta hanyar nauyin kai na jikin dam ɗin don rage damuwa da matsa lamba da ruwa ke haifarwa, don biyan buƙatun ƙarfin. Asalin bayanin martabar dam ɗin nauyi shine triangular. A kan jirgin, axis na dam yakan kasance madaidaiciya, kuma wani lokaci don dacewa da ƙasa, yanayin ƙasa, ko kuma don biyan buƙatun shimfidar mahalli, kuma ana iya shirya shi azaman layin da ya karye ko baka tare da ƙananan lanƙwasa zuwa sama.
Amfanin dams na nauyi
(1) Ayyukan tsarin a bayyane yake, hanyar ƙira mai sauƙi ne, kuma yana da aminci kuma abin dogara. Bisa kididdigar da aka yi, rashin gazawar madatsun ruwa mai nauyi ya yi kadan a tsakanin nau'ikan madatsun ruwa daban-daban.
(2) Ƙarfi mai ƙarfi ga yanayin ƙasa da yanayin ƙasa. Ana iya gina madatsun ruwa mai nauyi a kowane nau'i na kwarin kogin.
(3) Matsalar zubar da ruwa a cibiyar yana da sauƙin magancewa. Za a iya sanya madatsun ruwa mai nauyi su zama sifofi mai cike da ruwa, ko kuma a iya kafa ramukan magudanar ruwa a wurare daban-daban na jikin dam. Gabaɗaya, babu buƙatar shigar da wani magudanar ruwa ko ramin magudanar ruwa, kuma shimfidar cibiyar tana da ƙarfi.
(4) Mai dacewa don karkatar da gini. A lokacin ginin, ana iya amfani da jikin dam don karkatar da shi, kuma gabaɗaya ba a buƙatar ƙarin rami mai karkata.
(5) Gina mai dacewa.
Rashin lahani na madatsun ruwa
(1) Girman ɓangaren ɓangaren dam ɗin yana da girma, kuma akwai adadi mai yawa na kayan da aka yi amfani da su.
(2) Damuwar jikin dam yana da ƙasa, kuma ƙarfin kayan ba za a iya amfani da shi sosai ba.
(3) Babban yanki mai lamba tsakanin jikin dam da kafuwar yana haifar da matsa lamba mai yawa a gindin dam, wanda ba shi da kyau ga kwanciyar hankali.
(4) Girman jikin dam yana da girma, kuma saboda zafi mai zafi da taurin kai na simintin yayin lokacin ginin, za a haifar da mummunan yanayin zafi da damuwa. Sabili da haka, ana buƙatar tsauraran matakan kula da zafin jiki lokacin zubar da kankare.
2. Arch Dam
Dam ɗin baka wani tsari ne na harsashi wanda aka keɓe ga gadon, yana samar da siffa mai kamanni a kan jirgin zuwa sama, kuma bayanin martabar kambinsa na baka yana gabatar da siffa mai lanƙwasa a tsaye ko madaidaici zuwa sama.
Ka'idar aiki na madatsun ruwa
Tsarin madatsar ruwa yana da tasirin baka da katako, kuma nauyin da ke dauke da shi yana danne bangare guda biyu ta hanyar aikin baka, yayin da daya bangaren kuma yana yada shi zuwa ga gadon da ke kasan dam din ta hanyar aikin katako na tsaye.
Halayen madatsun ruwa
(1) Siffofin madaidaici. Natsuwar madatsun ruwa ya dogara ne akan ƙarfin amsawa a bakin baka na bangarorin biyu, sabanin madatsun ruwa da ke dogaro da nauyin kai don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali. Sabili da haka, madatsun ruwa na baka suna da manyan buƙatu don yanayin ƙasa da yanayin yanayin dam ɗin, da kuma ƙaƙƙarfan buƙatu don jiyya na tushe.
(2) Halayen tsari. Arch madatsun ruwa na cikin babban tsari maras iyaka, tare da karfin juyi da babban aminci. Lokacin da lodi na waje ya karu ko wani ɓangare na dam ɗin ya sami fashewar gida, aikin baka da katako na jikin dam ɗin za su daidaita kansu, haifar da sake rarraba damuwa a cikin dam ɗin. Dam ɗin baka shine tsarin sararin samaniya gabaɗaya, tare da jiki mara nauyi da juriya. Ayyukan injiniya ya nuna cewa juriyar girgizar ƙasa shima yana da ƙarfi. Bugu da kari, kamar yadda baka wani tsari ne na turawa wanda galibi yana dauke da matsi na axial, lokacin lankwasawa a cikin baka yana da kadan kadan, kuma rarrabawar damuwa yana da inganci iri-iri, wanda ke taimakawa wajen yin karfin kayan. Ta fuskar tattalin arziƙi, madatsun ruwa na madatsun ruwa suna da matuƙar fifiko.
(3) Halayen kaya. Jikin dam ɗin baka ba shi da haɗin gwiwa na dindindin na faɗaɗawa, kuma canjin yanayin zafi da nakasar gadaje suna da tasiri sosai kan damuwa na jikin dam. Lokacin zayyana, ya zama dole a yi la'akari da lalacewar gadon gado kuma ya haɗa da zafin jiki azaman babban kaya.
Saboda siraran bayanan martaba da hadadden siffar geometric na dam ɗin baka, ingancin ginin, ƙarfin kayan dam, da buƙatun hana gani sun fi na madatsun ruwa nauyi.
3. Duniya-rock Dam
Dam din-dutse na nufin madatsun ruwa da aka yi da kayan gida kamar kasa da dutse, kuma su ne nau'in madatsar ruwa mafi tsufa a tarihi. Madatsun ruwa-rock sune nau'in gina madatsar ruwa da aka fi amfani da su kuma cikin sauri a duniya.
Dalilan yawaita aikace-aikace da bunƙasa madatsun ruwa na ƙasa
(1) Yana yiwuwa a sami kayan aiki a gida da kuma kusa, ajiye adadi mai yawa na siminti, itace, da karfe, da rage yawan sufuri na waje a wurin ginin. Kusan kowace ƙasa da kayan dutse za a iya amfani da su don gina madatsun ruwa.
(2) Mai ikon daidaitawa da yanayi daban-daban, yanayin ƙasa, da yanayin yanayi. Musamman ma a cikin yanayi mai tsauri, hadaddun yanayin aikin injiniya, da wuraren girgizar ƙasa mai tsanani, madatsun ruwa-rock shine ainihin nau'in madatsar ruwa.
(3) Haɓaka manyan injunan gine-gine, masu aiki da yawa, da ingantattun ingantattun injunan gine-gine sun ƙara haɓaka yawan madatsun ruwa na dutsen ƙasa, rage ɓangaren giciye na madatsun ruwa na ƙasa, haɓaka ci gaban gine-gine, rage farashi, da haɓaka haɓaka babban ginin dam ɗin dutsen ƙasa.
(4) Saboda haɓaka ka'idar makanikai na geotechnical, hanyoyin gwaji, da dabarun ƙididdigewa, an inganta matakin bincike da ƙididdiga, an haɓaka ci gaban ƙira, kuma an ƙara tabbatar da aminci da amincin ƙirar madatsar ruwa.
(5) Cikakken haɓakar ƙira da fasahar gine-gine don tallafawa ayyukan injiniya kamar tudu masu tsayi, tsarin injiniya na ƙasa, da ɓarkewar makamashi mai saurin gudu na ruwa da kuma rigakafin yashewar madatsun ruwa na ƙasa ya kuma taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka aikin ginawa da haɓaka madatsun ruwa na ƙasa.
4. Rockfill dam
Madatsar ruwan Rockfill gabaɗaya tana nufin nau'in dam ɗin da aka gina ta amfani da hanyoyi kamar jifa, cikawa, da mirgina kayan dutse. Saboda dutsen dutsen yana iya jurewa, ya zama dole a yi amfani da kayan kamar ƙasa, siminti, ko kwalta a matsayin kayan da ba za a iya jurewa ba.
Halayen Rockfill Dams
(1) Halayen tsari. Girman ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan dutsen yana da girma, ƙarfin juzu'i yana da yawa, kuma ana iya sanya gangaren dam ɗin tudu. Wannan ba kawai yana adana adadin cika dam ɗin ba, har ma yana rage faɗin gindin dam ɗin. Tsawon isar da ruwa da sifofi za a iya rage daidai gwargwado, kuma shimfidar cibiyar tana da ɗanɗano, yana ƙara rage yawan injiniyoyi.
(2) Halayen gini. Dangane da yanayin damuwa na kowane bangare na jikin dam, ana iya raba jikin dutsen zuwa yankuna daban-daban, kuma ana iya biyan buƙatu daban-daban na kayan dutse da ƙarancin kowane yanki. Abubuwan da aka tono dutsen da aka tono yayin gina gine-ginen magudanar ruwa a cikin cibiya za a iya yin amfani da su sosai da kuma dacewa, rage farashin. Aikin gina madatsun ruwa da ke fuskantar damtse na dutse ba shi da tasiri a yanayin yanayi kamar lokacin damina da tsananin sanyi, kuma ana iya aiwatar da shi cikin daidaito da daidaito.
(3) Halayen aiki da kiyayewa. Nakasar ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan dutsen yana da ƙanƙanta.
tashar famfo
1. Basic aka gyara na famfo tashar injiniya
Aikin tashar famfo ya ƙunshi dakunan famfo, bututun ruwa, gine-ginen mashigar ruwa da magudanar ruwa, da tashoshi, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin adadi. An shigar da naúrar da ta ƙunshi famfo na ruwa, na'urar watsawa, da na'urar wutar lantarki a cikin ɗakin famfo, da kayan taimako da kayan lantarki. Babban mashigar ruwa da tsarin magudanar ruwa sun haɗa da wuraren shan ruwa da wuraren karkatar da ruwa, da mashigai da wuraren waha (ko hasumiya na ruwa).
Bututun tashar famfo sun hada da bututun shiga da fita. Bututun shigar da ruwa yana haɗa tushen ruwa zuwa mashigar famfon ruwa, yayin da bututun fitar da bututun bututun bututu ne da ke haɗa hanyar famfo na ruwa da bakin fitarwa.
Bayan an fara aiki da tashar famfo, magudanar ruwa na iya shiga cikin famfon ta hanyar ginin shiga da bututun shiga. Bayan famfo na ruwa ya matsa, za a aika da kwararar ruwan zuwa wurin tafki (ko hasumiya ta ruwa) ko cibiyar sadarwa ta bututun mai, ta yadda za a cimma manufar dagawa ko jigilar ruwa.
2. Layout na famfo tashar cibiya
Tsarin cibiyoyi na injiniyoyin tashar famfo shine don yin la'akari dalla-dalla da yanayi daban-daban da buƙatu, ƙayyade nau'ikan gine-gine, tsara madaidaicin matsayin danginsu, da kula da alaƙar su. Ana yin la'akari da tsarin cibiyar ta musamman bisa ayyukan da tashar famfo ta gudanar. Ya kamata tashoshin famfo daban-daban su kasance da tsare-tsare daban-daban don manyan ayyukansu, kamar ɗakunan famfo, bututun shigar da bututun ruwa, da gine-ginen mashigai da masu fita.
Madaidaicin gine-ginen taimako irin su ƙwanƙwasa da ƙofofin sarrafawa ya kamata su dace da babban aikin. Bugu da ƙari, la'akari da abubuwan da ake buƙata don amfani da su, idan akwai buƙatun hanyoyi, jigilar kaya, da kifi a cikin tashar tashar, dangantakar da ke tsakanin tsarin gadoji na hanyoyi, makullin jirgi, hanyoyin kifi, da dai sauransu kuma ya kamata a yi la'akari da babban aikin.
Dangane da ayyuka daban-daban da aka yi ta hanyar yin pumucts tashoshi, da layout na Praving Stations Strand siffofin, irin su ban ruwa famfo, magudanar ruwa hadadden tashoshinsu na ban ruwa.
Ƙofar ruwa ƙaƙƙarfan tsarin hydraulic ne wanda ke amfani da ƙofofi don riƙe ruwa da sarrafa fitarwa. Yawancin lokaci ana gina ta a bakin koguna, magudanar ruwa, tafki, da tafkuna.
1. Rarrabe kofofin ruwa da aka saba amfani da su
Rarraba ta ayyukan da ƙofofin ruwa suka yi
1. Ƙofar sarrafawa: an gina shi a kan kogi ko tashar don toshe ambaliya, daidaita matakan ruwa, ko sarrafa kwararar ruwa. Ƙofar sarrafawa da ke kan tashar kogin kuma ana kiranta da ƙofar kogi mai toshewa.
2. Ƙofar shiga: An gina shi a bakin kogi, ko tafki, ko tafki don sarrafa kwararar ruwa. Ƙofar ci kuma ana kiranta da ƙofar ci ko ƙofar canal head.
3. Ƙofar da ke karkatar da ambaliya: Sau da yawa ana gina ta a gefe ɗaya na kogi, ana amfani da ita wajen zubar da ambaliya da ta zarce ƙarfin da za a iya zubar da ruwan kogin zuwa wurin da ambaliya ke karkatar da ambaliya (makin ajiyar ruwa ko wurin tsare) ko malala. Ƙofar da ke karkatar da ambaliya ta bi ta cikin ruwa ta kowane bangare, kuma bayan ambaliya, ana ajiye ruwan ana watsar da shi zuwa tashar kogin daga nan.
4. Ƙofar magudanar ruwa: galibi ana gina ta a gefen koguna don kawar da zubar da ruwa da ke cutar da amfanin gona a cikin ƙasa ko ƙasa. Ƙofar magudanar ruwa ita ma tana da shugabanci biyu. Lokacin da ruwan kogin ya zarce na tafkin ciki ko bakin ciki, kofar magudanar ruwa ta kan toshe ruwa ne domin hana kogin ambaliya da filayen noma ko gine-gine; Lokacin da ruwan kogin ya yi ƙasa da na tafkin ciki ko kuma bacin rai, ana amfani da ƙofar magudanar ruwa sosai don zubar da ruwa da magudanar ruwa.
5. Ƙofar Tidal: da aka gina a kusa da mashigin teku, an rufe shi a lokacin da ruwa ke tashi don hana ruwan teku komawa baya; Bude kofa don sakin ruwa a ƙananan raƙuman ruwa yana da halayyar toshewar ruwa biyu. Ƙofofin tidal suna kama da ƙofofin magudanar ruwa, amma ana sarrafa su akai-akai. Lokacin da igiyar ruwa a cikin tekun waje ya fi na cikin kogin, rufe ƙofar don hana ruwan teku komawa cikin kogin ciki; Lokacin da igiyar ruwa a cikin buɗaɗɗen teku ta ƙasa da ruwan kogin a cikin tekun ciki, buɗe ƙofar don sakin ruwa.
6. Ƙofar ƙwanƙwasa yashi (Ƙofar fitarwa ta yashi): An gina shi a kan kwararar kogin laka, ana amfani da shi don zubar da ruwa da aka ajiye a gaban ƙofar shiga, ƙofar sarrafawa, ko tsarin tashar.
7. Bugu da kari, akwai kofofin fitar da kankara da kofofin najasa da aka kafa domin cire tubalan kankara, abubuwa masu iyo da sauransu.
Dangane da tsarin tsarin ɗakin ƙofar, ana iya raba shi zuwa nau'in buɗaɗɗe, nau'in bangon nono, da nau'in ƙugiya, da dai sauransu.
1. Buɗe nau'in: Ruwan da ke gudana ta hanyar ƙofar ba a hana shi ba, kuma ƙarfin fitarwa yana da girma.
2. Nau'in bangon nono: Akwai katangar nono a saman kofar, wanda zai iya rage karfin da yake kan kofar yayin da ruwa ya toshe sannan ya kara girman toshewar ruwa.
3. Nau'in Culvert: A gaban ƙofar, akwai wani rami mai matsewa ko matsi, kuma saman ramin yana cike da ƙasa mai cikawa. Anfi amfani dashi don ƙananan kofofin ruwa.
Dangane da girman kwararar ƙofar, ana iya raba shi zuwa nau'i uku: babba, matsakaici, da ƙanana.
Manyan kofofin ruwa tare da yawan kwararar ruwa sama da 1000m3/s;
Ƙofar ruwa mai matsakaicin girma tare da damar 100-1000m3 / s;
Ƙananan sluices tare da ƙarfin ƙasa da 100m3/s.
2. Haduwar kofofin ruwa
Ƙofar ruwa ta ƙunshi sassa uku: sashin haɗin kai, ɗakin ƙofar, da sashin haɗin ƙasa,
Sashin haɗin kai na sama: Ana amfani da sashin haɗin kai na sama don jagorantar ruwa a cikin ɗakin kofa ba tare da wata matsala ba, don kare bankunan biyu da magudanar ruwa daga zaizayar ƙasa, kuma tare da ɗakin, an samar da wani kwanon rufi na ƙasa don tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na bankunan biyu da tushe na ƙofar a ƙarƙashin seepage. Gabaɗaya, ya haɗa da bangon fuka-fuki na sama, katifa, ramukan hana yaɗuwar ruwa, da kariyar gangara a ɓangarorin biyu.
Zauren Ƙofar: Ita ce babban ɓangaren ƙofar ruwa, kuma aikinta shi ne kula da matakin ruwa da magudanar ruwa, da kuma hana tsagewa da zaizayar ruwa.
Tsarin sashin ɗakin ƙofar ya haɗa da: ƙofar, ƙofar kofa, ramin gefe (bangon ruwa), farantin ƙasa, bangon nono, gadar aiki, gadar zirga-zirga, hawan hawa, da dai sauransu.
Ana amfani da ƙofar don sarrafa magudanar ruwa ta ƙofar; Ana ajiye ƙofar a kasan farantin ƙofar, ta zagaya saman bangon tare da goyan bayan ƙofar. An raba ƙofar zuwa ƙofar kulawa da ƙofar sabis.
Ana amfani da ƙofar aiki don toshe ruwa yayin aiki na yau da kullun da sarrafa kwararar fitarwa;
Ana amfani da ƙofar kulawa don riƙe ruwa na wucin gadi yayin kulawa.
Ana amfani da hujin ƙofar don raba ramin bay da goyan bayan ƙofar, bangon nono, gadar aiki, da gadar zirga-zirga.
Ƙofar kofa tana watsa matsin ruwan da ƙofar ke ɗauka, bangon ƙirji, da ƙarfin riƙe ruwa na hujin ƙofar da kanta zuwa farantin ƙasa;
An shigar da bangon nono sama da ƙofar aiki don taimakawa riƙe ruwa da rage girman ƙofar.
Hakanan za'a iya sanya bangon nono ya zama nau'i mai motsi, kuma lokacin da aka fuskanci bala'in ambaliyar ruwa, ana iya buɗe bangon nono don ƙara kwararar ruwa.
Farantin ƙasa shine tushe na ɗakin, wanda ake amfani dashi don watsa nauyi da nauyin babban tsarin ɗakin zuwa tushe. Ginin da aka gina akan tushe mai laushi yana da ƙarfi sosai ta hanyar jujjuyawar da ke tsakanin farantin ƙasa da tushe, sannan farantin na ƙasa kuma yana da ayyukan anti-sepage da anti-scour.
Ana amfani da gadoji na aiki da gadoji na zirga-zirga don shigar da kayan ɗagawa, sarrafa ƙofofi, da haɗa zirga-zirgar ababen hawa.
Sashin haɗin ƙasa: ana amfani da shi don kawar da ragowar makamashin ruwan da ke wucewa ta ƙofar, shiryar da daidaitaccen yaduwar ruwa daga ƙofar, daidaita saurin gudu da rage saurin gudu, da hana yashwar ƙasa bayan ruwan ya fita daga ƙofar.
Gabaɗaya, ya haɗa da wurin shakatawa, apron, apron, tashar anti-scour na ƙasa, bangon fuka-fuki na ƙasa, da kariyar gangara a ɓangarorin biyu.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-21-2023
