Kwanan nan, gwamnatin Switzerland ta tsara wata sabuwar manufa. Idan rikicin makamashi na yanzu ya ta'azzara, Switzerland za ta hana tukin motocin lantarki don balaguron da ba dole ba.
Bayanan da suka dace sun nuna cewa kusan kashi 60% na makamashin Switzerland na zuwa ne daga tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki da kuma kashi 30% daga makamashin nukiliya. Sai dai gwamnatin kasar ta yi alkawarin kawar da makamashin nukiliyarta, yayin da sauran ke fitowa daga iskar gas da kuma kasusuwa na gargajiya. Kididdiga ta nuna cewa Switzerland na samar da isasshen makamashi a kowace shekara don kula da hasken wuta, amma sauyin yanayi na yanayi zai haifar da yanayi maras tabbas.
Ruwan sama da narke dusar ƙanƙara a cikin watanni masu zafi na iya kiyaye matakin ruwan kogin da samar da abubuwan da suka dace don samar da wutar lantarki. Sai dai kuma ruwan tafkuna da koguna a cikin watanni masu sanyi da kuma rani da ba a saba gani ba a Turai ya ragu, wanda ya haifar da karancin samar da wutar lantarki, don haka dole ne kasar Switzerland ta dogara da shigo da makamashi daga kasashen waje.
A baya dai kasar Switzerland ta shigo da wutar lantarki daga kasashen Faransa da Jamus don biyan dukkan bukatunta na wutar lantarki, amma a bana lamarin ya sauya, kuma makamashin da ke makwabtaka da kasar ya yi yawa.
Faransa ta kasance mai fitar da wutan lantarki tsawon shekaru da dama, amma a farkon rabin shekarar 2022, makamashin nukiliyar Faransa ya fuskanci koma baya akai-akai. A halin yanzu, samar da na'urorin makamashin nukiliya na Faransa ya kai sama da kashi 50 cikin dari, wanda hakan ya sa Faransa ta zama mai shigo da wutar lantarki a karon farko. Haka kuma saboda raguwar samar da makamashin nukiliya, Faransa na iya fuskantar hadarin rashin wutar lantarki a wannan lokacin sanyi. Tun da farko, ma'aikacin grid na Faransa ya ce zai rage amfani da kashi 1% zuwa 5% a ƙarƙashin yanayin asali, kuma aƙalla 15% a ƙarƙashin mafi munin yanayi. Dangane da sabon bayanan samar da wutar lantarki da gidan talabijin na BFM na kasar Faransa ya bayyana a ranar 2 ga wata, kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki na kasar Faransa ya fara tsara wani takamaiman shirin kashe wutar lantarki. Wuraren da ake kashe wutar lantarki a duk fadin kasar nan ne, kuma kowane iyali yana samun katsewar wutar lantarki har zuwa sa’o’i biyu a rana, kuma sau daya a rana.
Haka lamarin yake a Jamus. Dangane da asarar iskar gas da ake samu daga bututun mai na kasar Rasha, dole ne ma'aikatun jama'a su yi kokawa.
Tun a watan Yunin bana, Hukumar samar da wutar lantarki ta kasar Switzerland Elcom ta bayyana cewa, sakamakon raguwar samar da makamashin nukiliyar Faransa da ake fitarwa zuwa kasashen waje, wutar lantarkin da Switzerland ke shigowa da ita daga Faransa a lokacin sanyi na iya yin kasa sosai fiye da na shekarun da suka gabata, wanda hakan ba zai kawar da matsalar karancin wutar lantarki ba.
A cewar labarin, Switzerland na iya buƙatar shigo da wutar lantarki daga Jamus, Ostiriya da sauran ƙasashe makwabta na Italiya. Sai dai a cewar Elcom, samar da wutar lantarkin da ake fitarwa daga kasashen ketare ya ta'allaka ne sosai kan samar da iskar gas mai tushe.
Yaya girman gibin wutar lantarki a Switzerland? A cewar rahotannin kafofin watsa labaru na kasashen waje, Switzerland na da kusan 4GWh na shigo da wutar lantarki a wannan lokacin sanyi. Me yasa ba za a zaɓi wuraren ajiyar makamashin lantarki ba? Kudi shine dalili mai mahimmanci. Abin da Turai ba ta da shi shine fasahar adana makamashi na yanayi da na dogon lokaci. A halin yanzu, ajiyar makamashi na dogon lokaci ba a yada shi ba kuma an yi amfani da shi akan babban sikelin.
A wani bincike da Elcom ya gudanar kan masu samar da wutar lantarki a kasar Switzerland su 613, ana sa ran yawancin masu amfani da wutar za su kara kudin wutar lantarki da kusan kashi 47 cikin 100, wanda hakan ke nufin farashin wutar lantarkin gidaje zai karu da kusan kashi 20%. Tabarbarewar farashin iskar gas da kwal da carbon da kuma raguwar samar da makamashin nukiliyar Faransa duk sun taimaka wajen hauhawar farashin wutar lantarki a kasar Switzerland.
Dangane da sabon matakin farashin wutar lantarki na Yuro 183.97 (kimanin yuan 1.36 / kWh) a Switzerland, daidai da farashin kasuwa na wutar lantarki 4GWh ya kai akalla Yuro 735900, kimanin yuan miliyan 5.44. Idan farashin wutar lantarki mafi girma a watan Agusta ya kai Yuro 488.14 (kimanin yuan 3.61/kWh), kwatankwacin farashin 4GWh ya kai yuan miliyan 14.4348.
Haramcin makamashin lantarki! Haramcin da ba dole ba na motocin lantarki
Yawancin kafofin watsa labaru sun ba da rahoton cewa, don magance yuwuwar ƙarancin wutar lantarki da kuma tabbatar da tsaron makamashi a wannan lokacin sanyi, Majalisar Tarayyar Swiss a halin yanzu tana tsara wani daftarin aiki wanda ke ba da shawarar ka'idoji kan "ƙantatawa da hana amfani da makamashin lantarki don tabbatar da samar da wutar lantarki ta ƙasa", ya fayyace matakan matakai guda huɗu game da guje wa katsewar wutar lantarki, da aiwatar da takunkumi daban-daban lokacin da rikice-rikice na matakai daban-daban suka faru.
Duk da haka, daya daga cikin abubuwan da suka fi dacewa yana da alaka da haramcin tukin motocin lantarki a mataki na uku. Takardar tana buƙatar cewa “ana ba da izinin amfani da motocin lantarki masu zaman kansu kawai don tafiye-tafiyen da ya dace (kamar buƙatun ƙwararru, sayayya, ganin likita, halartar ayyukan addini, da halartar alƙawuran kotu).”
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, matsakaicin adadin tallace-tallace na motocin Swiss kusan 300000 a kowace shekara, kuma yawan motocin lantarki yana karuwa. A cikin 2021, an ƙara sabbin motocin lantarki 31823 masu rajista a Switzerland, kuma adadin sabbin motocin lantarki a Switzerland daga Janairu zuwa Agusta 2022 ya kai 25%. To sai dai kuma saboda rashin isassun na'urori da kuma matsalar samar da wutar lantarki, karuwar motocin lantarki a kasar Switzerland a bana ba ta kai na shekarun baya ba.
Kasar Switzerland na shirin rage amfani da wutar lantarki a birane ta hanyar hana cajin motocin lantarki a wasu lokuta. Wannan wani sabon salo ne amma matsananci mataki, wanda ke kara nuna tsananin karancin wutar lantarki a Turai. Hakan na nufin cewa kasar Switzerland na iya zama kasa ta farko a duniya da ta haramta amfani da motocin lantarki. Duk da haka, wannan ka'ida kuma tana da ban mamaki sosai, domin a halin yanzu, sufuri na duniya yana canzawa daga motocin mai zuwa motocin lantarki don rage dogaro da albarkatun mai da kuma fahimtar canjin makamashi mai tsabta.
Lokacin da aka haɗa yawancin motocin lantarki zuwa grid ɗin wutar lantarki, hakika yana iya ƙara haɗarin rashin isassun wutar lantarki kuma ya kawo ƙalubale ga ingantaccen aiki na tsarin wutar lantarki. Koyaya, bisa ra'ayin masana masana'antar, ana iya amfani da motocin lantarki da za'a haɓaka gabaɗaya a matsayin wuraren ajiyar makamashi tare da yin kira tare da su shiga cikin kololuwar aski da kuma cika kwarin wutar lantarki. Masu motoci na iya caji lokacin da wutar lantarki ta yi ƙasa. Suna iya juyar da wutar lantarki zuwa grid ɗin wutar lantarki a lokacin mafi girman lokacin amfani da wutar lantarki, ko ma lokacin da wutar ta yi gajere. Wannan yana sauƙaƙe matsin lamba na wutar lantarki, yana tabbatar da aminci da kwanciyar hankali na tsarin wutar lantarki, kuma yana inganta ingantaccen tsarin makamashi.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-12-2022
