Yin amfani da karfin ruwa mai gudana don samar da wutar lantarki shi ake kira hydropower.
Ana amfani da karfin ruwa don jujjuya turbines, wanda ke juya magnets a cikin injinan jujjuya don samar da wutar lantarki, kuma ana rarraba makamashin ruwa a matsayin tushen makamashi mai sabuntawa. Yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi tsufa, mafi arha kuma mafi sauƙin fasahar samar da wutar lantarki.
Ana rarraba wutar lantarki gabaɗaya zuwa nau'i huɗu: na al'ada (dams), ma'ajiyar famfo, kogi da kuma bakin teku (tidal). Wutar lantarki na daya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin samar da wutar lantarki guda uku a duniya, sauran biyun kuma sune kona burbushin halittu da makamashin nukiliya. Ya zuwa yau, ya kai kashi daya bisa shida na yawan wutar lantarki a duniya.
Amfanin wutar lantarki
Amintacce da Tsaftace - Ba kamar sauran hanyoyin makamashi kamar burbushin mai, yana da tsabta da kore kamar makaman nukiliya, biomass. Waɗannan tashoshin wutar lantarki ba sa amfani ko sakin mai don haka ba sa fitar da iskar gas.
Sabuntawa - Ana ɗaukar tushen makamashi mai sabuntawa saboda yana amfani da ruwan duniya don samar da wutar lantarki. Ana sake yin amfani da ruwa zuwa ƙasa a cikin yanayin halittarsa ba tare da gurɓatacce ba. Ba ya ƙarewa saboda yanayin yanayin ruwa.
Mahimmanci - Duk da ɗimbin farashin gini, wutar lantarki shine tushen makamashi mai tsada saboda farashin kulawa da aiki yana da ƙasa sosai.
Tushen mai sassauƙa - Wannan shine tushen wutar lantarki mai sassauƙa kamar yadda waɗannan tashoshin wutar lantarki zasu iya haɓaka sama da ƙasa da sauri dangane da buƙatar makamashi. Lokacin farawa na injin turbine ya yi ƙasa da na turbi ko iskar gas.
Sauran Amfani - Hakanan za'a iya amfani da wannan ruwa don ban ruwa da kiwo saboda manyan tafki da ayyukan samar da wutar lantarki. Tafkin da aka kafa a bayan madatsar ruwan ana iya amfani da shi ne don dalilai kamar wasanni na ruwa da shakatawa, yana mai da shi wurin yawon bude ido da ke samar da kudaden shiga.
Rashin amfanin wutar lantarki
Maɗaukakin babban farashi - Waɗannan tashoshin wutar lantarki da madatsun ruwa wasu lokuta suna da tsada sosai. Kudin gine-gine na da tsada sosai.
Hadarin gazawa - Dams suna toshe ruwa mai yawa saboda ambaliya, bala'o'i, lalacewar ɗan adam, ingancin gini, kuma yana iya haifar da mummunan sakamako ga wuraren da ke ƙasa da ababen more rayuwa. Irin wannan gazawar na iya shafar wutar lantarki da flora da fauna, kuma yana iya haifar da hasara mai yawa da asarar rayuka.
Lalacewar muhalli - Manyan tafkunan ruwa suna haifar da kwararar ruwa mai yawa a saman madatsun ruwa, wani lokaci suna lalata ciyayi, dazuzzukan kwari da ciyayi. A lokaci guda kuma, zai shafi yanayin yanayin ruwa a kusa da shuka. Babban tasiri akan kifi, tsuntsayen ruwa da sauran dabbobi.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-04-2022
