Limela tsa Axial-flow hydropower, tseo hangata li nang le li-turbine tsa Kaplan, li loketse libaka tse nang le lihlooho tse tlase ho isa ho tse mahareng le litefiso tse kholo tsa phallo. Li-turbine tsena li sebelisoa haholo mererong ea matamo a metsi a noka le a hlooho e tlase ka lebaka la ts'ebetso ea ona e phahameng le ho ikamahanya le maemo. Katleho ea ho kenya motlakase o joalo ka metsi e itšetlehile haholo ka mesebetsi ea sechaba e entsoeng hantle le e etsoang ka hloko, e leng motheo oa ts'ebetso ea turbine, botsitso ba ts'ebetso, le polokeho.
1. Tokiso ea Sebaka le Phallo ea Noka
Pele mohaho leha e le ofe o moholo o qala, ho lokisoa ha setša ke habohlokoa. Sena se kenyelletsa ho hleka sebaka sa kaho, ho theha litsela tse kenang, le ho theha mokhoa oa ho khelosa linōka ho tsamaisa metsi le ho theha sebaka se omileng sa ho sebetsa. Li-cofferdam—libaka tsa nakoana tse hahiloeng ka hare ho nōka kapa ka mose ho nōka—hangata li sebelisetsoa ho arola sebaka sa kaho metsing.
2. Sebopeho sa ho Kena
Sebopeho sa ho noa se laola ho kena ha metsi setsing sa motlakase le ho netefatsa hore ha ho na litšila, ho phalla ho tsitsitseng ho turbine. E kenyelletsa liraka tsa lithōle, liheke, 'me ka linako tse ling lisebelisoa tsa ho lahla litšila. Moralo o nepahetseng oa hydraulic o bohlokoa ho thibela sebopeho sa vortex, ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea hlooho, le ho sireletsa turbine ho litšila tse phaphametseng.
3. Penstock kapa Open Channel
Ho itšetlehile ka sebopeho, metsi a tsoang ho kenngoa a fetisetsoa ho turbine ka penstocks (liphaephe tse koetsoeng) kapa likanale tse bulehileng. Mekhatlong e mengata ea axial-flow-haholo-holo limela tse tlaase-ho noa ho bulehileng ho amanang ka ho toba le turbine ho sebelisoa. Ho tsitsa ha sebopeho, ho tšoana ha phallo, le ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea hydraulic ke lintho tse amehang haholo nakong ena.
4. Sebopeho sa Powerhouse
Ntlo ea motlakase e na le yuniti ea jenereithara ea turbine, litsamaiso tsa taolo le lisebelisoa tse thusang. Bakeng sa li-turbine tsa Kaplan, tse atisang ho kenngoa ka holimo, motlakase o tlameha ho etsoa ho tšehetsa meroalo e meholo ea axial le matla a matla. Botsitso ba ho sisinyeha, ho thibela metsi, le ho fihlella habonolo bakeng sa tlhokomelo ke lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa moralo oa moralo.
5. Moqapi oa Tube le Tailrace
The pente ea metsi e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho khutliseng matla a kinetic ho tsoa metsing a tsoang ka har'a turbine. Tube e hlophisitsoeng hantle e eketsa ts'ebetso ka kakaretso. Mohatlana oa tailrace o fetisa metsi ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng ho khutlela nokeng. Mehaho ka bobeli e hloka sebopeho se nepahetseng ho fokotsa moferefere le litlamorao tsa metsi.
6. Kamore ea Taolo le Mehaho e Thusang
Ntle le meaho e meholo, mesebetsi ea sechaba e boetse e kenyelletsa kaho ea likamore tsa taolo, matlo a basebetsi, lithupelo le meaho e meng ea ts'ebetso. Lisebelisoa tsena li netefatsa ts'ebetso e tšepahalang ea semela le tlhokomelo ea nako e telele.
7. Maikutlo a Tikoloho le a Geotechnical
Lipatlisiso tsa mobu, ho tsitsisa letsoapo, taolo ea khoholeho, le ts'ireletso ea tikoloho ke likarolo tsa bohlokoa tsa moralo oa sechaba. Mekhoa e nepahetseng ea ho tsamaisa metsi, litselana tsa litlhapi (moo ho hlokehang) le mosebetsi oa ho lokisa naha li thusa ho fokotsa tšusumetso ea tikoloho ea morero.
Karolo ea boenjiniere ba sechaba ea polante ea axial-flow hydropower e bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea eona ka kakaretso le bophelo bo bolelele. Mohaho o mong le o mong - ho tloha ho ho kenngoa ho ea ho tailrace - o tlameha ho raloa ka hloko le ho hahoa ho mamella matla a metsi, maemo a jeoloji le litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso. Tšebelisano e haufi lipakeng tsa lienjiniere tsa sechaba, barekisi ba lisebelisoa tsa motlakase oa metsi, le litsebi tsa tikoloho ke senotlolo sa ho fana ka tharollo e bolokehileng, e sebetsang hantle le e tšoarellang ea motlakase oa metsi.
Nako ea poso: Jun-11-2025
