Haufinyane tjena, mmuso oa Switzerland o thehile leano le lecha. Haeba bothata ba hona joale ba matla bo ntse bo mpefala, Switzerland e tla thibela ho khanna likoloi tsa motlakase bakeng sa maeto a "sa hlokahaleng".
Lintlha tse amehang li bontša hore hoo e ka bang 60% ea matla a Switzerland a tsoa liteisheneng tsa motlakase oa metsi le 30% ho tsoa ho matla a nyutlelie. Leha ho le joalo, ’muso o tšepisitse hore o tla felisa matla a oona a nyutlelie, ha a mang a tsoa libakeng tsa mapolasi a fehloang ke moea le libeso tsa khale tsa khale. Lipalo-palo li bontša hore Switzerland e hlahisa matla a lekaneng selemo se seng le se seng ho boloka mabone, empa ho fetoha ha maemo a leholimo ho tla lebisa maemong a sa lebelloang.
Metsi a pula le ho qhibiliha ha lehloa likhoeling tse futhumetseng li ka boloka boemo ba metsi a noka le ho fana ka lisebelisoa tse hlokahalang bakeng sa phepelo ea motlakase oa metsi. Leha ho le joalo, boemo ba metsi a matša le linōka likhoeling tse batang le lehlabula le omeletseng ka mokhoa o sa tloaelehang Europe li theohile, e leng se bakileng ho fokotseha ha motlakase oa metsi, kahoo Switzerland e tlameha ho itšetleha ka thepa ea matla e tsoang kantle ho naha.
Nakong e fetileng, Switzerland e ile ea reka motlakase ho tsoa Fora le Jeremane ho finyella litlhoko tsohle tsa eona tsa motlakase, empa selemong sena boemo bo fetohile, 'me phepelo ea matla ea linaha tsa boahelani le eona e phathahane haholo.
Fora e bile morekisi oa motlakase kantle ho naha ka mashome a lilemo, empa halofong ea pele ea 2022, matla a nyutlelie a Fora a ile a ba le mathata khafetsa. Hajoale, boteng ba diyuniti tsa matla a nyutlelie tsa Fora bo phahame hanyane ho feta 50%, e leng se lebisang Fora ho ba morekisi wa motlakase lekgetlo la pele. Hape ka lebaka la ho fokotseha ha tlhahiso ea matla a nyutlelie, Fora e ka 'na ea tobana le kotsi ea ho tima motlakase mariha ana. Pejana, moetsi oa marang-rang oa Fora o boletse hore e tla fokotsa ts'ebeliso ka 1% ho isa ho 5% tlasa maemo a mantlha, mme boholo ba 15% tlasa maemo a mabe ka ho fetesisa. Ho latela lintlha tsa morao-rao tsa phepelo ea motlakase tse senotsoeng ke French BFM TV ka la 2, opareitara ea keriti ea motlakase ea Fora e se e qalile ho etsa moralo o itseng oa ho tima motlakase. Libaka tsa ho khaoha ha motlakase li hohle naheng, 'me lelapa ka leng le khaoha ka nako e ka etsang lihora tse peli ka letsatsi, le hang feela ka letsatsi.
Boemo ba Jeremane bo tšoana. Tabeng ea tahlehelo ea phepelo ea khase ea tlhaho ea Russia, lits'ebeletso tsa sechaba li tlameha ho sokola.
Ho tloha ka June selemong sena, Elcom, Switzerland Federal Power Commission, e boletse hore ka lebaka la ho fokotseha ha matla a nyutlelie a Fora le ho romela motlakase oa thepa, ho kenngoa ha motlakase oa Switzerland ho tloha Fora mariha ana ho ka 'na ha e-ba tlaase haholo ho feta lilemong tse fetileng, e leng se sa tloseng bothata ba matla a sa lekaneng a matla.
Ho latela litaba, Switzerland e kanna ea hloka ho kenya motlakase ho tsoa Jeremane, Austria le linaheng tse ling tsa boahisani tsa Italy. Leha ho le joalo, ho ea ka Elcom, ho ba teng ha thepa ea motlakase linaheng tsena ho itšetlehile haholo ka boteng ba mafura a tlhaho a thehiloeng ka khase.
Lekhalo la motlakase le leholo hakae Switzerland? Ho latela litlaleho tsa mecha ea litaba ea kantle ho naha, Switzerland e na le tlhoko ea ho kenya motlakase ea 4GWh mariha ana. Ke hobane'ng ha u sa khethe lisebelisoa tsa polokelo ea matla a motlakase? Litšenyehelo ke lebaka la bohlokoa. Seo Europe e se hlokang ho feta ke theknoloji ea nako le nako e telele ea ho boloka matla. Hona joale, polokelo ea matla ea nako e telele ha e e-s'o tloaelehe le ho sebelisoa ka tekanyo e kholo.
Ho ea ka phuputso e entsoeng ke Elcom ho bafani ba matla ba 613 ba Switzerland, basebetsi ba bangata ba lebeletsoe ho eketsa litefiso tsa bona tsa motlakase ka hoo e ka bang 47%, e leng se bolelang hore theko ea motlakase ea malapeng e tla eketseha ka hoo e ka bang 20%. Ho phahama ha litheko tsa khase ea tlhaho, mashala le khabone, hammoho le ho theoha ha phehlo ea matla a nyutlelie ea Fora, kaofela li kentse letsoho ho nyoloheng ha litheko tsa motlakase Switzerland.
Ho ea ka theko ea morao-rao ea theko ea motlakase ea 183.97 euros/MWh (hoo e ka bang 1.36 yuan/kWh) Switzerland, theko ea 'maraka e tsamaellanang ea motlakase oa 4GWh ke bonyane li-euro tse 735900, hoo e ka bang li-yuan tse limilione tse 5.44. Haeba theko e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea motlakase ka August ke 488.14 euro / MWh (hoo e ka bang 3.61 yuan / kWh), litšenyehelo tse lumellanang tsa 4GWh li ka bang limilione tse 14.4348 tsa yuan.
Thibelo ea matla a motlakase! Thibelo e sa hlokahaleng ea likoloi tsa motlakase
Mecha ea litaba e 'maloa e tlalehile hore molemong oa ho sebetsana le khaello ea motlakase e ka bang teng le ho netefatsa ts'ireletso ea matla mariha ana, Swiss Federal Council hajoale e ntse e ngola moralo o sisinyang melaoana ea "thibela le ho thibela ts'ebeliso ea matla a motlakase ho netefatsa phepelo ea motlakase ea naha", e hlakisa leano la mehato e mene mabapi le ho qoba ho khaoha ha motlakase, le ho kenya ts'ebetsong lithibelo tse fapaneng ha ho hlaha likoluoa tsa maemo a fapaneng.
Leha ho le joalo, e 'ngoe ea lintho tse hlokomelehang ka ho fetisisa e amana le thibelo ea ho khanna likoloi tsa motlakase boemong ba boraro. Tokomane ena e hloka hore "likoloi tsa motlakase tsa poraefete li lumelloe feela ho sebelisoa bakeng sa maeto a hlokahalang (joalo ka litlhoko tsa litsebi, mabenkeleng, ho bona ngaka, ho ea mesebetsing ea bolumeli, le ho ea libokeng tsa lekhotla)."
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, palo e tloaelehileng ea thekiso ea likoloi tsa Switzerland e ka ba 300000 ka selemo, 'me karolo ea likoloi tsa motlakase e ntse e eketseha. Ka 2021, likoloi tse ncha tse ngolisitsoeng tsa motlakase tse 31823 li ile tsa eketsoa Switzerland, 'me karolo ea likoloi tse ncha tsa motlakase Switzerland ho tloha ka January ho ea ho August 2022 e fihlile 25%. Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la li-chips tse sa lekaneng le mathata a phepelo ea motlakase, kholo ea likoloi tsa motlakase Switzerland selemong sena ha e ntle joalo ka lilemong tse fetileng.
Switzerland e rera ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea motlakase litoropong ka ho thibela ho tjhaja koloi ea motlakase maemong a mang. Ena ke mokhoa o mocha empa o fetelletse, o totobatsang ho teba ha khaello ea motlakase Europe. Sena se bolela hore Switzerland e kanna ea ba naha ea pele lefats'eng ho thibela likoloi tsa motlakase. Leha ho le joalo, molao ona o boetse o makatsa haholo, hobane hona joale, lipalangoang tsa lefats'e li tloha ho likoloi tsa mafura ho ea ho likoloi tsa motlakase ho fokotsa ho itšetleha ka mafura le ho hlokomela phetoho ea matla a hloekileng.
Ha palo e kholo ea likoloi tsa motlakase e hokahane le marang-rang a matla, e ka 'na ea eketsa kotsi ea ho hloka matla a lekaneng le ho tlisa mathata mosebetsing o tsitsitseng oa tsamaiso ea matla. Leha ho le joalo, ho ea ka maikutlo a litsebi tsa indasteri, likoloi tsa motlakase tse tla khothaletsoa ka tekanyo e kholo nakong e tlang li ka boela tsa sebelisoa e le lisebelisoa tsa polokelo ea matla 'me li kopane li bitsoa ho kenya letsoho tlhōrōng ea ho kuta le ho tlatsa phula ea marang-rang a matla. Beng ba likoloi ba ka lefisa ha tšebeliso ea matla e le tlase. Li ka khutlisa phepelo ea motlakase ho marang-rang a motlakase nakong ea tlhōrō ea tšebeliso ea matla, kapa leha matla a le khutšoanyane. Sena se imolla khatello ea phepelo ea motlakase, se netefatsa polokeho le botsitso ba sistimi ea matla, hape se ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea sistimi ea matla.
Nako ea poso: Dec-12-2022
