Lefapha la Litšebeletso tsa Lichelete la Puso ea Lebatooa la Tsamaiso e Khethehileng la Hong Kong le ikemiselitse ho thusa ho fokotsa phetoho ea maemo a leholimo lefatšeng ka bophara. Ho theosa le lilemo, lisebelisoa tse bolokang matla le tse nchafalitsoeng li kentsoe ho tse ling tsa limela tsa eona. Ka ho tsebahatsoa ka molao ha "Harbour Purification Plan Phase II" ea Hong Kong, Lefapha la Litšebeletso tsa Phallo ea likhoerekhoere le kentse sistimi ea ho fehla matla a hydraulic turbine Sewage Treatment Plant (setsi sa ho hloekisa likhoerekhoere se nang le matla a maholo ka ho fetisisa a ho hloekisa likhoerekhoere Hong Kong), se sebelisang matla a hydraulic a likhoerekhoere tse phallang ho tsamaisa jenereithara ea motlakase setsing sa ho fehla motlakase. Pampiri ena e kenyelletsa tsamaiso, ho kenyelletsa le liphephetso tse fihletsoeng ts'ebetsong ea merero e amehang, lintlha le litšobotsi tsa moralo le kaho ea sistimi, le ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea sistimi. Mokhoa ona ha o thuse feela ho boloka litšenyehelo tsa motlakase, empa o boetse o sebelisa metsi ho fokotsa mocheso oa carbon.
1 Kenyelletso ea morero
Mokhahlelo oa bobeli oa A oa "Harbour Purification Plan" ke leano le leholo le kentsoeng tšebetsong ke 'Muso oa Lebatooa la Tsamaiso e Khethehileng oa Hong Kong ho ntlafatsa boleng ba metsi a Boema-kepe ba Victoria. E ile ea kenngoa ka molao ho sebelisoa ka botlalo ka December 2015. Mosebetsi oa eona o kenyelletsa kaho ea kotopo e tebileng ea likhoerekhoere e nang le bolelele ba hoo e ka bang 21km le 163m ka tlase ho mobu, ho tsamaisa likhoerekhoere tse hlahisoang ka leboea le ka boroa-bophirimela ho sehlekehlekeng sena ho ea Setsing sa Ts'ebetso ea Likhoere-khoere tsa Stonecutters Island, le ho eketsa matla a phekolo ea setsi sa likhoerekhoere se fanang ka lits'ebeletso tsa likhoerekhoere le 2 × 2. bakeng sa baahi ba ka bang limilione tse 5,7. Ka lebaka la mefokolo ea mobu, Stonecutters Island Sewage Treatment Plant e sebelisa litanka tse 46 tsa mekato e 'meli bakeng sa phekolo ea likhoerekhoere e matlafalitsoeng ka lik'hemik'hale, 'me litanka tse ling le tse ling tse peli tsa sedimentation li tla arolelana shaft e otlolohileng (ke hore, kakaretso ea li-shafts tse 23) ho romela likhoerekhoere tse hloekisitsoeng ka har'a phala e ka tlas'a lefatše bakeng sa ho tšela likhoerekhoere.
2 Liphuputso le nts'etsopele ea pele tse bohlokoa
Ka lebaka la palo e kholo ea likhoerekhoere tse hloekisitsoeng ke Stonecutters Island Sewage Treatment Plant letsatsi le leng le le leng le moralo o ikhethang oa mekhahlelo e 'meli ea tanka ea eona ea sedimentation, e ka fana ka tekanyo e itseng ea matla a hydraulic ha e ntse e ntša likhoerekhoere tse hloekisitsoeng ho khanna jenereithara ea turbine ho hlahisa motlakase. Sehlopha sa Lefapha la Ditshebeletso tsa Mekero ya metsi se ile sa etsa boithuto bo nepahetseng ka 2008 mme sa etsa letoto la diteko tsa masimong. Liphetho tsa lithuto tsena tsa pele li tiisa monyetla oa ho kenya lijenereithara tsa turbine.
Sebaka sa ho kenya: ka shaft ea tanka ea sedimentation; Khatello ea metsi e sebetsang hantle: 4.5 ~ 6m (moqapi o khethehileng o itšetlehile ka maemo a sebele a ho sebetsa nakong e tlang le boemo bo nepahetseng ba turbine); Phallo ea phallo: 1.1 ～ 1.25 m3 / s; Matla a phahameng a tlhahiso: 45 ~ 50 kW; Lisebelisoa le lisebelisoa: Kaha likhoerekhoere tse hloekisitsoeng li ntse li e-na le ho senyeha ho itseng, lisebelisoa tse khethiloeng le lisebelisoa tse amanang le tsona li tlameha ho ba le tšireletso e lekaneng le ho hanyetsa ho bola.
Mabapi le hona, Lefapha la Ditshebeletso tsa Phallo tsa Dikgwerekgwere le behile sebaka bakeng sa disete tse pedi tsa ditanka tsa sedimentation setsing sa ho hlwekisa dikgwerekgwere ho kenya mokgwa wa ho fehla motlakase ka porojeke ya katoloso ya “Projeke ya Tlhoekiso ya Boemakepe Mokgahlelo wa II wa A”.
3 Lintlha tsa Moralo oa Sisteme le Likarolo
3.1 Matla a hlahisoang le khatello e sebetsang ea metsi
Kamano pakeng tsa matla a motlakase a hlahisoang ke matla a hydrodynamic le khatello e sebetsang ea metsi ke e latelang: matla a motlakase a hlahisoang (kW)=[tekanyo ea likhoerekhoere tse hloekisitsoeng ρ (kg/m3) × Sekhahla sa phallo ea metsi Q (m3/s) × Khatello e sebetsang ea metsi H (m) × Matla a khoheli a tsitsitseng g (9.807 m/s2)0 ÷07 m/s1000
× Bokhoni ba tsamaiso ka kakaretso (%). Khatello e sebetsang ea metsi ke phapang pakeng tsa boemo bo phahameng bo lumelletsoeng ba metsi a shaft le boemo ba metsi a shaft e haufi le metsi a phallang.
Ka mantsoe a mang, ho phahama ha lebelo la phallo le khatello e sebetsang ea metsi, matla a hlahisoang a eketseha. Ka hona, e le ho hlahisa matla a mangata, e 'ngoe ea lipakane tsa moralo ke ho nolofalletsa tsamaiso ea turbine ho fumana lebelo le phahameng ka ho fetisisa la ho phalla ha metsi le khatello e sebetsang ea metsi.
3.2 Lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa moralo oa sistimi
Pele ho tsohle, mabapi le moralo, sistimi e ncha e kentsoeng ea turbine ha ea tlameha ho ama ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng ea setsi sa likhoerekhoere ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang. Ka mohlala, tsamaiso e tlameha ho ba le lisebelisoa tse nepahetseng tsa tšireletso ho thibela tanka ea sedimentation e ka holimo ho metsi ho phalla likhoerekhoere tse hloekisitsoeng ka lebaka la taolo e fosahetseng ea tsamaiso. Mekhahlelo ea ts'ebetso e khethiloeng nakong ea moralo: sekhahla sa phallo 1.06 ～ 1.50m3 / s, khatello e sebetsang ea metsi e fapaneng 24 ～ 52kPa.
Ntle le moo, kaha likhoerekhoere tse hloekisitsoeng ke tanka ea sedimentation li ntse li e-na le lintho tse senyang, tse kang hydrogen sulfide le letsoai, lisebelisoa tsohle tsa karolo ea turbine tse amanang le likhoerekhoere tse hloekisitsoeng li tlameha ho thibela kutu (joalo ka thepa ea tšepe e sa hloekang ea duplex e atisang ho sebelisoa bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa likhoerekhoere), e le ho ntlafatsa ho tšoarella ha tsamaiso le ho fokotsa nako ea tsamaiso ea tlhokomelo.
Mabapi le moralo oa tsamaiso ea matla, kaha phepelo ea matla ea turbine ea likhoerekhoere ha e ea tsitsa ka ho felletseng ka mabaka a fapaneng, sistimi eohle ea phepelo ea matla e hokahantsoe ka ho bapa le marang-rang ho boloka phepelo ea motlakase e tšepahalang. Khokahano ea marang-rang e tla hlophisoa ho latela litataiso tsa tekheniki bakeng sa khokahano ea marang-rang e fanoeng ke k'hamphani ea motlakase le Lefapha la Litšebeletso tsa Motlakase le Mechini la Mmuso oa Lebatooa le Khethehileng la Tsamaiso la Hong Kong.
Mabapi le sebopeho sa liphaephe, ntle le lithibelo tse teng tsa setša, tlhokahalo ea ho lokisa le ho lokisa tsamaiso e boetse e nkoa. Ntlheng ena, morero oa pele oa ho kenya turbine ea hydraulic ka har'a shaft ea tanka ea ho lokisa e hlahisitsoeng morerong oa R&D e fetotsoe. Ho e-na le hoo, likhoerekhoere tse hloekisitsoeng li tsamaisoa ka ntle ho sefate ka 'metso' me li romelloa ho hydraulic turbine, e leng ho fokotsang haholo bothata le nako ea tlhokomelo le ho fokotsa tšusumetso ea ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng ea setsi sa ho hloekisa likhoerekhoere.
Ka lebaka la taba ea hore ka linako tse ling tanka ea sedimentation e hloka ho fanyehoa bakeng sa tlhokomelo, 'metso oa tsamaiso ea turbine e hokahane le li-shaft tse peli tsa lihlopha tse' nè tsa litanka tsa sedimentation tse habeli. Le ha litanka tse peli tsa sedimentation li emisa ts'ebetso, litanka tse ling tse peli tsa sedimentation le tsona li ka fana ka likhoerekhoere tse hloekisitsoeng, tsa tsamaisa sistimi ea turbine, 'me tsa tsoela pele ho fehla motlakase. Ho feta moo, sebaka se bolokiloe haufi le moqomo oa 47/49 # sedimentation tanka bakeng sa ho kenya tsamaiso ea bobeli ea motlakase oa hydraulic turbine nakong e tlang, e le hore ha lihlopha tse 'nè tsa litanka tsa sedimentation li sebetsa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng, mekhoa e' meli ea ho hlahisa matla a motlakase e ka hlahisa matla ka nako e le 'ngoe, ho fihlela matla a mangata a matla.
3.3 Ho khethoa ha hydraulic turbine le jenereithara
Hydraulic turbine ke sesebelisoa sa bohlokoa sa sistimi eohle ea ho fehla matla. Li-turbine ka kakaretso li ka aroloa ka mekhahlelo e 'meli ho latela molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso: mofuta oa pulse le mofuta oa karabelo. Mofuta oa tšusumetso ke hore mokelikeli o thunya lehare la turbine ka lebelo le phahameng ka li-nozzles tse ngata, ebe o khanna jenereithara ho hlahisa matla. Mofuta oa karabelo o feta ka lehare la turbine ka mokelikeli, 'me o sebelisa khatello ea boemo ba metsi ho khanna jenereithara ho hlahisa matla. Ka moralo ona, ho itšetlehile ka 'nete ea hore likhoerekhoere tse hloekisitsoeng li ka fana ka khatello e tlaase ea metsi ha e phalla, Kaplan turbine, e' ngoe ea mefuta e nepahetseng ea karabelo, e khethiloe, hobane mochine ona o na le bokhoni bo phahameng ka khatello e tlaase ea metsi 'me e batla e le tšesaane, e leng e loketseng haholoanyane sebaka se lekanyelitsoeng setšeng.
Mabapi le jenereithara, jenereithara e sa feleng ea makenete e tsamaisoang ke lebelo le tsitsitseng la hydraulic turbine e khethoa. Jenereithara ena e ka hlahisa motlakase o tsitsitseng le maqhubu ho feta jenereithara ea asynchronous, kahoo e ka ntlafatsa boleng ba phepelo ea motlakase, ea etsa hore grid e tšoanang e be bonolo, 'me e hloke tlhokomelo e nyane.
4 Likarolo tsa Kaho le Ts'ebetso
4.1 Tlhophiso e bapileng ea Grid
Khokahano ea marang-rang e tla etsoa ho latela litataiso tsa tekheniki bakeng sa khokahano ea marang-rang e fanoeng ke k'hamphani ea motlakase le Lefapha la Litšebeletso tsa Motlakase le Mechini la Mmuso oa Lebatooa le Khethehileng la Tsamaiso ea Hong Kong. Ho latela litataiso, sistimi ea phepelo ea matla a tsosolositsoeng e tlameha ho ba le ts'ebetso ea ts'ireletso ea anti Islanding, e ka arohanyang sistimi ea phepelo ea matla e nchafalitsoeng ho sistimi ea phepelo ha grid ea motlakase e emisa ho fana ka matla ka lebaka lefe kapa lefe, e le hore sistimi ea phepelo ea matla a tsosolositsoeng e ke ke ea tsoela pele ho fana ka matla tsamaisong ea kabo, e le ho netefatsa polokeho ea basebetsi ba boenjiniere ba motlakase ba sebetsang ho grid kapa sistimi ea phepelo.
Mabapi le ts'ebetso e ts'oanang ea phepelo ea motlakase, sistimi ea phepelo ea matla a ka nchafatsoang le sistimi ea kabo e ka hokahanngoa feela ha matla a motlakase, sekhahla sa karolo kapa phapang ea maqhubu a laoloa ka har'a meeli e amohelehang.
4.2 Taolo le tshireletso
Sistimi ea ho hlahisa matla a hydraulic turbine e ka laoloa ka mokhoa oa othomathike kapa oa matsoho. Ka mokhoa o itekanetseng, li-shafts tsa tanka ea sedimentation 47/49 # kapa 51/53 # e ka sebelisoa e le mohloli oa matla a hydraulic, 'me tsamaiso ea taolo e tla qala li-valve tse fapaneng tsa taolo ho latela data ea kamehla ho khetha tanka e nepahetseng ka ho fetisisa ea sedimentation, e le ho ntlafatsa matla a motlakase oa hydraulic turbine. Ho phaella moo, valve ea ho laola e tla fetola boemo ba likhoerekhoere ka mokhoa o itekanetseng e le hore tanka ea sedimentation e se ke ea phalla likhoerekhoere tse hloekisitsoeng, kahoo e eketsa tlhahiso ea matla ho ea boemong bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa. Sistimi ea jenereithara ea turbine e ka laoloa ka phapusing e kholo ea taolo kapa setšeng.
Mabapi le ts'ireletso le taolo, haeba lebokose la phepelo ea motlakase kapa valve ea taolo ea sistimi ea turbine e hloleha kapa boemo ba metsi bo feta tekanyo ea metsi e lumelletsoeng, sistimi ea motlakase ea hydraulic turbine le eona e tla emisa ts'ebetso le ho ntša likhoerekhoere tse hloekisitsoeng ka phala e ka thoko, e le ho thibela tanka ea sedimentation e ka holimo ho metsi hore e se ke ea tlala likhoerekhoere tse hloekisitsoeng ka lebaka la ho hloleha ha sistimi.
5 Ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea sistimi
Sistimi ena ea ho fehla matla a hydraulic turbine e kentsoe tšebetsong qetellong ea 2018, ka kakaretso ea khoeli le khoeli e fetang 10000 kW · h. Khatello e sebetsang ea metsi e ka tsamaisang tsamaiso ea motlakase ea hydraulic turbine e boetse e fetoha le nako ka lebaka la phallo e phahameng le e tlaase ea likhoerekhoere tse bokelloang le ho hloekisoa ke setsi sa ho hloekisa likhoerekhoere letsatsi le leng le le leng. E le ho eketsa matla a hlahisoang ke tsamaiso ea turbine, Lefapha la Litšebeletso tsa Metsing le thehile mokhoa oa ho laola ka tsela e iketsang ho fetola torque ea ts'ebetso ea turbine ho latela phallo ea likhoerekhoere tsa letsatsi le letsatsi, ka hona ho ntlafatsa katleho ea tlhahiso ea matla. Setšoantšo sa 7 se bontša kamano pakeng tsa tsamaiso ea ho fehla matla le phallo ea metsi. Ha phallo ea metsi e feta tekanyo e behiloeng, sistimi e tla sebetsa ka bo eona ho hlahisa motlakase.
6 Mathata le Litharollo
Lefapha la Litšebeletso tsa Phallo ea likhoerekhoere le kopane le liqholotso tse ngata mabapi le ho phethahatsa merero e amehang, 'me le thehile meralo e lumellanang ho arabela liqholotso tsena.
7 Qetello
Ho sa tsotellehe mathata a sa tšoaneng, sete sena sa tsamaiso ea motlakase oa motlakase oa hydraulic turbine e ile ea kenngoa ts'ebetsong ka katleho qetellong ea 2018. Kakaretso ea khoeli le khoeli ea matla a matla a tsamaiso e feta 10000 kW · h, e lekanang le karolelano ea khoeli le khoeli ea tšebeliso ea matla ea malapa a ka bang 25 Hong Kong (karolelano ea khoeli le khoeli ea tšebeliso ea matla ea ntlo e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea Hong Kong ka 2010k · W ka 2018). Lefapha la Litšebeletso tsa Lits'oants'o tsa Lits'oants'o le ikemiselitse "ho fana ka lits'ebeletso tsa maemo a lefats'e tsa likhoerekhoere le metsi a pula le lits'ebeletso tsa likhoerekhoere ho khothaletsa nts'etsopele e tsitsitseng ea Hong Kong", ha le ntse le khothaletsa ts'ireletso ea tikoloho le merero ea phetoho ea maemo a leholimo. Tšebelisong ea matla a ka nchafatsoang, Lefapha la Litšebeletso tsa Mekelikeli le sebelisa biogas, matla a letsatsi le matla a tsoang phallong ea likhoerekhoere tse hloekisitsoeng ho hlahisa matla a ka nchafatsoang. Lilemong tse 'maloa tse fetileng, ka karolelano matla a tsosolositsoeng a selemo le selemo a hlahisoang ke Lefapha la Litšebeletso tsa Metsi a metsi a ka bang limilione tse 27 kW · h, a ka finyellang litlhoko tsa matla tse ka bang 9% ea Lefapha la Litšebeletso tsa Metsi. Lefapha la Ditshebeletso tsa Dikgwerekgwere le tla tswela pele ka matsapa a lona a ho matlafatsa le ho kgothaletsa tshebediso ya eneji e ka ntjhafatswang.
Nako ea poso: Nov-22-2022
