Turbine ea metsi ke mochini o fehlang motlakase o fetolang matla a phallo ea metsi hore e be matla a mechini e potolohang. Ke oa mechini ea turbine ea mechini e metsi. Ho tloha ka 100 BC, motheo oa turbine ea metsi - turbine ea metsi o ile oa hlaha Chaena, e neng e sebelisetsoa ho phahamisa nosetso le ho khanna lisebelisoa tsa ho sebetsana le lijo-thollo. Liturbine tse ngata tsa sejoale-joale tsa metsi li kentsoe liteisheneng tsa motlakase oa metsi ho khanna lijenereithara ho hlahisa motlakase. Setsing sa motlakase oa metsi, metsi a ka har'a letamo le ka holimo a isoa ho turbine ea hydraulic ka phaephe ea headrace ho khanna turbine runner ho potoloha le ho khanna jenereithara ho hlahisa motlakase. Metsi a felileng a ntšetsoa ka tlase ho phala ea tailrace. Ha hlooho ea metsi e le holimo 'me phallo e le kholo, matla a tlhahiso ea turbine ea hydraulic a ba maholo.
Yuniti ea turbine ea tubulare seteisheneng sa motlakase oa metsi e na le bothata ba cavitation ka kamoreng ea ho matha ea turbine, e etsang cavitation e bophara ba 200mm le botebo ba 1-6mm ka kamoreng ea ho matha moo ho kenoang metsi le moo ho tsoa lehare le le leng, e bonts'a mabanta a cavitation hohle ka har'a selikalikoe. Haholo-holo, cavitation karolong e ka holimo ea kamore ea ho matha e hlahella haholoanyane, ka botebo ba 10-20mm. Mabaka a cavitation ka kamoreng ea ho matha ea turbine a hlahlojoa ka tsela e latelang:
Sepetlele le lehare la seteishene sa motlakase oa metsi li entsoe ka tšepe e sa hloekang, 'me thepa e ka sehloohong ea kamore ea sepetlele ke Q235. Ho tiea ha eona le ho hanyetsa ho thiba ha metsi ha li na thuso. Ka lebaka la bokhoni bo fokolang ba polokelo ea metsi ea letamo, letamo le 'nile la sebetsa hloohong ea moralo e phahameng haholo ka nako e telele, 'me palo e kholo ea lipululana tsa mouoane li hlaha metsing a mohatla. Nakong ea ts'ebetso, metsi a phalla ka har'a turbine ea hydraulic sebakeng seo khatello e leng tlase ho feta khatello ea mouoane. Metsi a fetang ka lekhalo la lehare a fetoha mouoane 'me aa bela ho hlahisa lipululana tsa mouoane, a hlahisa khatello ea ts'usumetso ea lehae, a baka tšusumetso ea nako le nako khatellong ea tšepe le ea metsi, a bakang meroalo ea ts'usumetso e pheta-phetoang holim'a tšepe, a baka tšenyo ea thepa. Ka lebaka leo, cavitation ea tšepe ea kristale ea oa. Cavitation e etsahala khafetsa kamoreng ea sepetlele moo ho kenang le ho tsoa ha lehare le le leng. Ka hona, tlas'a ts'ebetso ea hlooho ea metsi e phahameng haholo ka nako e telele, cavitation e etsahala butle-butle 'me e tsoela pele ho teba.
Ha re shebane le bothata ba cavitation ba kamore ea turbine runner, seteishene sa motlakase sa metsi se ile sa lokisoa ka ho tjheseletsa tokiso qalong, empa bothata bo boholo ba cavitation bo ile ba fumanoa hape ka kamoreng ea runner nakong ea tlhokomelo hamorao. Tabeng ena, motho ea ikarabellang khoebong o ile a ikopanya le rona 'me a tšepa hore re ka thusa ho rarolla bothata ba cavitation ba kamore ea turbine runner. Baenjiniere ba rona ba thehile moralo oa tlhokomelo o reriloeng ho latela tlhahlobo e qaqileng ea lisebelisoa tsa khoebo. Ha re ntse re netefatsa boholo ba tokiso, re khethile thepa ea carbon nano polymer ho latela tikoloho ea ts'ebetso ea lisebelisoa ho fihlela litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso ea nako e telele tlas'a maemo a ts'ebetso sebakeng seo. Mehato ea tlhokomelo sebakeng seo ke e latelang:
1. Ho etsa kalafo ea ho tlosa mafura holim'a metsi bakeng sa likarolo tsa cavitation tsa kamore ea turbine runner;
2. Ho tlosa mafome ka ho tjhesa lehlabathe;
3. Kopanya thepa ea polymer ea Sorecun nano 'me u e sebelise karolong e lokelang ho lokisoa;
4. Tiisa thepa 'me u hlahlobe bokaholimo ba tokiso.
Nako ea poso: Mphalane-14-2022
