Seyakakosha mbiru indasitiri yehupfumi hwenyika, iyo hydropower indasitiri ine hukama zvakanyanya nekusimudzira hupfumi hwenyika uye shanduko yemaindasitiri. Parizvino, indasitiri yehydropower yeChina iri kushanda zvakatsiga pazere, nekuwedzera kweiyo hydropower yakaiswa kugona, kuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kwemagetsi emvura, kuwedzera kwekudyara kwemagetsi emagetsi, uye kuderera mukukura kwemabhizinesi ane chekuita nehydropower. Nekuitwa kwegwaro renyika re "kuchengetedza simba uye kuderedza kuburitsa", kutsiva simba uye kuderedza kubuda kwave sarudzo inoshanda yeChina, uye kugadzirwa kwemagetsi emvura yave sarudzo yekutanga yesimba rinowanikwazve.
Kugadzirwa kwemagetsi emagetsi isainzi uye tekinoroji inodzidza nyaya dzetekinoroji nehupfumi dzakadai sekuvaka engineering nekugadzira uye kushanda kwekushandura simba remvura kuita magetsi. Simba remvura rinoshandiswa nehydropower rinonyanya kuve simba rinogona kuchengetwa mumvura yemvura. Kuti ushandure simba remvura kuita magetsi, mhando dzakasiyana dzezviteshi zvemagetsi zvinofanirwa kuvakwa.
Kuzadzikiswa kwekugadzirwa kwemagetsi emvura kunosanganisira kuvakwa kwezviteshi zvemagetsi emvura, uyezve kushanda kwekugadzira magetsi emvura. Iyo yepakati pemvura indasitiri yemagetsi ichabatanidza simba kune yakadzika magetsi grid indasitiri kuti iwane kuwana online. Kuvakwa kwechiteshi chemagetsi emvura kunosanganisira hurongwa hwekutanga hwekubvunza mainjiniya, kutengwa kwemidziyo yakasiyana-siyana yechiteshi chemagetsi emagetsi uye kuvaka kwekupedzisira. Kuumbwa kwemaindasitiri ari pakati nepakati kusvika pasi ari nyore uye akagadzikana.
Nekufambira mberi kwekukura kwehupfumi hweChina, kugadziridzwa kweparutivi uye kugadzirisa hupfumi, kuchengetedza simba, kuderedzwa kwemhepo uye kukura kwegirinhi zvave kubvumirana kwekusimudzira hupfumi. Indasitiri yemagetsi emagetsi inokosheswa zvakanyanya nehurumende pamatanho ese uye inotsigirwa nemitemo yenyika yemaindasitiri. Nyika yakatevedzana yakapa mitemo yakati wandei yekutsigira kusimudzira indasitiri yemagetsi emagetsi. Zvirongwa zvemaindasitiri zvakaita seImplementation Plan yeKugadzirisa Dambudziko reKusiiwa kweMvura, Kusiiwa Kwemhepo uye Kusiiwa Kwechiedza, Chiziviso cheKumisikidza uye Kuvandudza Chengetedzo Mechanism Yekushandisa Renewable Energy Power, uye Implementation Plan yePublic Administration Basa reBazi reMvura Zviwanikwa muna 2021 zvinopa tarisiro yekuvandudza indasitiri yemagetsi uye indasitiri yekugadzira magetsi. mabhizinesi.
Kuongorora kwakadzama kweindasitiri yemagetsi emagetsi
Kuferefetwa kwebhizinesi kunoratidza kuti mumakore achangopfuura, huwandu hwemagetsi emagetsi hwakaiswa neChina hwakawedzera gore negore, kubva pa333 miriyoni kilowatts muna 2016 kusvika 370 miriyoni kilowatts muna 2020, ine musanganiswa wepagore kukura kwe2.7%. Zvinoenderana neazvino data, iyo yakaiswa simba rehydropower muChina ichasvika 391 miriyoni kilowatts muna 2021 (kusanganisira 36 miriyoni kilowatts yekupombi yekuchengetedza), kuwedzera kwe5.6% gore pagore.
Mumakore achangopfuura, huwandu hwemabhizinesi ane chekuita nehydropower akanyoreswa kuChina akawedzera nekukurumidza, kubva 198000 muna 2016 kusvika 539000 muna 2019, aine huwandu hwekukura kwepagore hwe39.6%. Muna 2020, kukura kwemabhizinesi ane chekuita nehydropower akanyoreswa kwakadzikira uye kwakadzikira. Idzi data razvino rinoratidza kuti muna 2021, mabhizinesi eChina ane chekuita nehydropower akanyoresa huwandu hwe483000, zvichidzika ne7.3% gore pagore.
Kubva pakugovewa kwesimba rakaiswa, pakupera kwa2021, dunhu guru reChina rekugadzira magetsi emvura iSichuan Province, ine 88.87 miriyoni inokwana kilowatts, ichiteverwa neYunnan Province, ine 78.2 miriyoni kirowati yakaiswa; Mapurovhinzi echipiri kusvika kugumi anoti Hubei, Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hunan, Fujian, Zhejiang neQinghai, ane simba rakaiswa rinobva pa10 kusvika ku40 miriyoni kilowatts.
Panyaya yekugadzirwa kwemagetsi, Sichuan ichava nemagetsi makuru emagetsi emvura muna 2021, ane 353.14 bhiriyoni kWh yekugadzirwa kwemagetsi emvura, inoverengera 26.37%; Chechipiri, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi muYunnan i271.63 bhiriyoni kWh, inoverengera 20.29%; Chechitatu, kugadzirwa kwehydropower muHubei i153.15 bhiriyoni kWh, inoverengera 11.44%.
Kubva pakuona kwekuiswa kweiyo indasitiri yemagetsi emagetsi ekuChina, Changjiang Electric Power ndiyo hombe imwe hydropower yakaiswa simba bhizinesi. Muna 2021, iyo yakaiswa simba reChangjiang Electric Power ichaverengera inopfuura 11% yenyika, uye iyo yakazara yakaiswa simba rehydropower pasi pemapoka mashanu emagetsi ekugadzira magetsi achaverengera chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chenyika; Kubva pakuona kwekugadzirwa kwemagetsi emvura, muna 2021, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kweRwizi rweYangtze kuchaverengera zvinopfuura gumi neshanu muzana, uye kugadzirwa kwemagetsi emagetsi emapoka mashanu ekugadzira magetsi kuchaverengera 20% yenyika. Kubva pakuona kwekuiswa kwemusika, huwandu hwemapoka mashanu emagetsi emagetsi eChina akaiswa masimba uye Yangtze Power iri pedyo nehafu yemugove wemusika; Kugadzirwa kwemagetsi eHydropower kunodarika makumi matatu muzana ehuwandu hwenyika, uye huwandu hweindasitiri hwakakwira.
Zvinoenderana neyakadzama ongororo uye kusimudzira tarisiro yekufungidzira yeChina hydropower indasitiri muna 2022-2027 neChina Research Institute of Indasitiri.
Indasitiri yekuChina yekugadzira simba remvura inotungamirwa nehurumende yehurumende. Pamusoro pemapoka mashanu makuru ekugadzira magetsi, bhizinesi reChina remagetsi emvura rinewo mabhizinesi akawanda akanaka ekugadzira magetsi. Mabhizinesi ari kunze kwemapoka makuru mashanu anomiririrwa neYangtze Power, inova ndiyo hombe imwe hydropower yakaiswa simba bhizinesi. Zvinoenderana nechikamu cheiyo hydropower yakaiswa simba, iyo inokwikwidza echelon yeChina hydropower indasitiri inogona kukamurwa kuita maviri echelons, nemapoka makuru mashanu uye Yangtze Power mune yekutanga echelon.
Tarisiro yebudiriro yeindasitiri yemagetsi emagetsi
Mumamiriro ezvinhu ekudziya kwepasi uye kupera kwesimba rezvicherwa, kusimudzirwa uye kushandiswa kwesimba rinodzokororwa kwakawedzera kukwezva kutarisisa kwenharaunda dzepasirese, uye kusimukira kwakasimba kwesimba rinogoneka kwave kubvumirana kwenyika dzese pasirese. Hydropower isimba rakachena uye rinogona kudzokororwa rine tekinoroji yakakura uye rinogona kuvandudzwa pamwero mukuru. China's hydropower resources reserve ndiyo yekutanga munyika. Kushingaira kugadzira hydropower haisi nzira yakakosha yekudzikisa zvinobudirira kuburitsa gasi regreenhouse, asiwo chiyero chakakosha chekugadzirisa shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, kukurudzira kuchengetedza kwesimba uye kuderedza kuburitsa, uye kuwana budiriro inoenderera.
Mushure mezvizvarwa zvakati wandei zvekuenderera mberi kwevashandi vehydropower, shanduko uye hunyanzvi, uye kuita kwakashinga, indasitiri yemagetsi emvura yeChina yakawana nhoroondo kubva padiki kusvika pahombe, kubva pakuneta kuenda kune yakasimba, uye kubva pakutevera kumhanya nekutungamira. Nekukurumidza kusimukira kwesainzi uye tekinoroji, maChina emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi uye ruzhinji rwevashandi vehydropower sainzi uye tekinoroji, vachivimba nehungwaru hwekugadzira, data hombe uye humwe matekinoroji ekupedzisira, vakanyatso vimbisa kunaka kwekuvaka uye kuchengetedzwa kwedhamu.
Munguva yegumi nemana yeChirongwa cheMakore mashanu, China yakajekesa zuva rekupedzisira rekuzadzisa zvinangwa zvekabhoni peak uye kusarerekera kabhoni, izvo zvinoita kuti marudzi mazhinji esimba anzwe mukana uye kumanikidzwa kuri kuuya panguva imwe chete. Semumiriri wesimba rinodzokororwa, hydropower icharamba ichisimudzira kuvandudzwa kwehydropower mumamiriro ekunze epasirese uye kupera kwesimba, uye kusimba kwekusimudzira kudiwa kwesimba rekugadzirisa.
Mune ramangwana, China inofanirwa kutarisisa matekinoroji akakosha akadai sekuvaka kwakangwara, kushanda kwakangwara uye midziyo yakangwara yehydropower, kushingaira kukurudzira kusimudzira indasitiri yemagetsi emagetsi, kusimbisa nekugadzirisa simba rakachena, kuwedzera kuvandudzwa kwemagetsi emagetsi uye simba idzva, uye kuramba ichivandudza mwero wehungwaru kuvaka uye mashandiro ekutonga kwezviteshi zvemagetsi.
Nguva yekutumira: Jan-12-2023
