Simba reHydropower, chitubu chakachena uye chinovandudzwazve chesimba, chine mukana wakakura wekugadzirisa zvirikudiwa zvesimba muAfrica. Nehurongwa hwayo hwenzizi dzakakura, nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana, uye mamiriro ekunze akanaka, kondinendi iyi yakapihwa zviwanikwa zvemagetsi emvura. Nekudaro, zvisinei nehupfumi uhu hwechisikigo, magetsi emvura anoramba asingashandiswe munzvimbo zhinji dzeAfrica. Chinyorwa ichi chinoongorora kugoverwa kwezviwanikwa zvemagetsi emvura mukondinendi yese uye inoongorora tarisiro yebudiriro yeramangwana.
Kugoverwa kweHydropower Resources muAfrica
Africa simba remagetsi emvura rinonyanya kutariswa mumatunhu mashoma akakosha, ane misiyano yakakura mukuwanikwa kwezviwanikwa uye mazinga ebudiriro:
Central Africa: The Congo River Basin, kumusha kune rwizi rukuru rweAfrica nehuwandu hwekuyerera, ine mamwe emhando yakakosha yemagetsi emvura munyika. The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), kunyanya, inobata Inga Falls, iyo inogona kutsigira pamusoro pe40,000 MW yehukuru hwekugadzira kana yakanyatsogadzirwa. Zvakadaro, zvizhinji zvezvingabvira izvi zvinoramba zvisina kushandiswa nekuda kwematambudziko ezvematongerwo enyika, emari, uye ezvivakwa.
East Africa: Nyika dzakaita seEthiopia, Uganda, neKenya dzakaita fambiro mberi inocherekedza mukushandisa simba radzo remagetsi emvura. Dhamu reEthiopia reGrand Ethiopia Renaissance (GERD), rine simba rakarongwa rinopfuura 6,000 MW, ndeimwe yemapurojekiti makuru ezvivakwa mukondinendi uye ine chinangwa chekushandura nzvimbo yesimba redunhu.
Kumadokero kweAfrica: Nepo simba remagetsi emvura pano rakanyanya kudzikama zvichienzaniswa neCentral neEast Africa, nyika dzakaita seGuinea, Nigeria, neGhana dzakaona mikana yakawanda yemagetsi epakati pemvura. Zvirongwa zvakaita seNigeria's Mambilla Hydropower Plant neGhana's Akosombo Dam zvinhu zvakakosha mumusanganiswa wesimba wedunhu.
Southern Africa: Zambia, Mozambique, neAngola vane simba guru remagetsi emvura. Damu reCahora Bassa kuMozambique neKariba Dam riri paRwizi Zambezi (rinogoverwa neZambia neZimbabwe) ndezvimwe zvezviteshi zvakakura zvemagetsi muAfrica. Zvakadaro, kusanaya kwemvura kuri kuramba kuchiitika kwaratidza kusasimba mukutsamira pamvura zhinji mudunhu rino.
Maodzanyemba kweAfrica: Zvichienzaniswa nemamwe matunhu, North Africa ine simba shoma remagetsi emvura nekuda kwekuoma kwemamiriro ezvinhu uye mashoma enzizi masisitimu. Nekudaro, nyika dzakaita seEgypt dzichiri kuvimba zvakanyanya pamapurojekiti makuru akadai seAswan High Dam.
Tarisiro Yebudiriro Yeramangwana
Ramangwana remagetsi emagetsi muAfrica riri kuvimbisa, rinofambiswa nezvinhu zvakati wandei zvakakosha:
Energy Demand Growth: Huwandu hwevanhu vemuAfrica hunofungidzirwa kuti huchapeta zvakapetwa kaviri panosvika 2050, nekukasira kwemaguta uye maindasitiri ari kuwedzera kudiwa kwesimba. Hydropower inogona kuita basa rakakosha mukuzadzisa zvinodiwa izvi zvine mwero.
Mafungiro eMamiriro ekunze uye Nezvakatipoteredza: Sezvo nyika dzichitsvaga kubvisa kaboni zvikamu zvesimba radzo, hydropower inopa yakaderera-emission imwe nzira kune fossil mafuta. Iyo inozadzisa zvakare inopindirana inovandudzwa masosi sesolar nemhepo nekupa base-mutoro uye peaking simba.
Kubatanidzwa Kwematunhu: Zvirongwa zvakaita seAfrican Continental Power Pool nemakorido emagetsi edunhu zvinovavarira kugadzira magridi akabatana. Izvi zvinoita kuti mapurojekiti emagetsi emagetsi anoyambuka muganhu ashande uye anobvumira simba rakawanda kubva kune imwe nyika kutsigira dzimwe.
Mari uye Kudyidzana: Masangano ekusimudzira epasi rose, vatengesi vega, uye masangano mazhinji ari kuwedzera kutsigira mapurojekiti emagetsi emuAfrica. Kuvandudzwa kwekuwana mari uye hunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi huri kubatsira kusimudzira budiriro.
Kufambira mberi kweTekinoroji: Tekinoroji nyowani, senge madiki uye madiki-hydropower masisitimu, ari kugonesa kuiswa kwemagetsi kumaruwa uye kuderedza kukanganiswa kwezvakatipoteredza kwemadhamu makuru.
Matambudziko Amberi
Zvisinei netarisiro yakanaka, kuvandudzwa kwemagetsi emvura muAfrica kunotarisana nematambudziko akati wandei:
Zvemagariro nemagariro zvine chekuita nekuvakwa kwemadhamu
Kusiyana kwemamiriro ekunze kunokanganisa kuwanikwa kwemvura
Kusagadzikana kwezvematongerwo enyika uye nyaya dzekutonga mumatunhu akakosha
Infrastructure gaps uye shoma grid yekubatanidza
Mhedziso
Simba reHydropower rine mukana wekuve musimboti weremangwana reAfrica rakasimba. Nekugadzira zvine hungwaru mapurojekiti makuru uye akaiswa matunhu, uye nekugadzirisa matambudziko akakosha kuburikidza nekudyidzana kwedunhu, shanduko yemitemo, uye hunyanzvi, Africa inogona kuvhura kukosha kwakazara kwezviwanikwa zvayo zvemvura. Nekudyara kwakakodzera uye kudyidzana, magetsi emvura anogona kuvheneka maguta, maindasitiri emagetsi, uye kuunza magetsi kumamiriyoni mukondinendi yese.
Nguva yekutumira: May-28-2025
