Zvivakwa zvemagetsi zvinoyerera neaxial-flow, zvinowanzo shongedzwa nematurbine eKaplan, zvakanakira nzvimbo dzine mwero wekuyerera kwemvura wakaderera kusvika pakati nepakati uye mukuru. Maturbine aya anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumapurojekiti emvura anoyerera murwizi neakaderera nekuda kwekushanda kwawo zvakanaka uye kugona kuchinjika. Kubudirira kwekuisa simba remvura kwakadaro kunoenderana zvakanyanya nemabasa ehurumende akagadzirwa zvakanaka uye akaitwa nokungwarira, ayo anoumba hwaro hwekushanda kweturbine, kugadzikana kwekushanda, uye kuchengetedzeka.
1. Kugadzirira Nzvimbo uye Kuchinja Rwizi
Kugadzirira nzvimbo yekuvaka kusati kwatanga, zvakakosha. Izvi zvinosanganisira kubvisa nzvimbo yekuvaka, kugadzira migwagwa yekupinda, uye kugadzira nzira yekutsausa rwizi kuti mvura iende patsva uye kugadzira nzvimbo yekushandira yakaoma. Cofferdams—nzvimbo dzenguva pfupi dzakavakwa mukati kana mhiri kwerwizi—dzinowanzo shandiswa kuparadzanisa nzvimbo yekuvaka nemvura.
2. Maumbirwo Ekudya
Chimiro chemvura chinodzora kupinda kwemvura muchigayo chemagetsi uye chinoita kuti mvura ifambe zvakanaka uye isina marara. Chinosanganisira nzvimbo dzekuchengetera marara, magedhi, uye dzimwe nguva nzvimbo dzekushambidza mvura. Dhizaini chaiyo ye hydraulic yakakosha kudzivirira kuumbwa kwemhepo, kuderedza kurasikirwa kwemisoro, uye kudzivirira turbine kubva kumarara anoyangarara.
3. Penstock kana Open Channel
Zvichienderana nehurongwa hwayo, mvura inobva muinopinda inoendeswa kuturbine kuburikidza nemapipi akavharwa kana nzira dzakavhurika. Mumagadzirirwo mazhinji einjini-kunyanya muzvipenyu zvine musoro wakaderera-injini yakavhurika yakabatana zvakananga neturbine inoshandiswa. Kugadzikana kwechimiro, kufanana kweinenge ichiyerera, uye kuderedza kurasikirwa kwemvura zvinonetsa panguva ino.
4. Chimiro cheSimba reMasimba
Imba yemagetsi inochengetedza turbine-generator unit, ma control systems, uye michina yekubatsira. Kune ma Kaplan turbines, ayo anowanzoiswa akamira, imba yemagetsi inofanira kugadzirwa kuti itsigire mitoro mikuru ye axial uye simba rinoshanduka. Kugadzikana kwe vibrational, kudzivirira mvura, uye nyore kuwana kwekugadzirisa zvinhu zvakakosha pakugadzira chimiro.
5. Draft Tube uye Tailrace
Chubhu inodhonza mvura inoita basa guru mukuwana simba remagetsi kubva mumvura inobuda muturbine. Chubhu inodhonza mvura yakagadzirwa zvakanaka inowedzera kushanda zvakanaka. Nzira inodhonza mvura kubva mumashure inodzosera mvura kurwizi zvakachengeteka. Zvivako zvese zvinoda kuumbwa kwakanyatsonaka kuti zvideredze kuvhunduka uye migumisiro yemvura iri kumashure.
6. Imba Yekudzora uye Zvivako Zvekubatsira
Kunze kwezvivakwa zvikuru, mabasa ekuvaka anosanganisirawo kuvaka makamuri ekudzora zvinhu, dzimba dzevashandi, maworkshop, nezvimwe zvivako zvekushanda. Zvivako izvi zvinovimbisa kushanda zvakanaka kwefekitori uye kugadziriswa kwenguva refu.
7. Kufunga Nezvezvakatipoteredza uye Geotechnical
Kuongorora ivhu, kugadzikana kwemateru, kudzora kukurwa kwevhu, uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza zvinhu zvakakosha pakuronga kwehurumende. Maitiro ekubvisa mvura, nzira dzehove (kana zvichidikanwa), uye basa rekugadzira mapindu zvinobatsira kuderedza kukanganisa kwechirongwa ichi nharaunda.
Chikamu cheinjiniya yemagetsi chechiteshi chemagetsi cheaxial-flow chakakosha pakushanda kwacho kwese uye kugara kwenguva refu. Chivako chega chega—kubva pakupinda kusvika pakufamba kwemusana—chinofanira kugadzirwa nekungwarira kuti chigone kumira nesimba remvura, mamiriro ezvepasi, uye zvinodiwa pakushanda. Kushanda pamwe chete pakati pemainjiniya emagetsi, vatengesi vemidziyo yemagetsi, uye nyanzvi dzezvakatipoteredza kwakakosha pakupa mhinduro yemagetsi emvura yakachengeteka, inoshanda, uye inogara kwenguva refu.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-11-2025
