Simba remvura inyanzvi yesimba rinodzokororwa rinoshandisa simba remvura rinobuda mumhepo kugadzira magetsi. Isimba rakachena rinoshandiswa zvakanyanya rine zvakanakira zvakawanda, zvakaita sekuvandudzwa, kusvibiswa kwakaderera, kugadzikana uye kudzorwa. Nheyo yekushanda kwesimba remvura yakavakirwa papfungwa iri nyore: kushandisa simba remvura rinobuda mumhepo kufambisa turbine, iyo inozoshandura jenareta kugadzira magetsi. Matanho ekugadzira simba remvura ndeaya: kutsaudzira mvura kubva mudura kana rwizi, izvo zvinoda mvura, kazhinji dura (dura rekugadzira) kana rwizi rwechisikigo, runopa simba; nhungamiro yekuyerera kwemvura, uko kuyerera kwemvura kunonangidzirwa kumapanga eturbine kuburikidza negwara rekutsaudzira. Gara rekutsaudzira rinogona kudzora kuyerera kwemvura kugadzirisa kugona kwekugadzira simba; turbine iri kushanda, uye kuyerera kwemvura kunorova mapanga eturbine, zvichiita kuti itenderere. Turbine yakafanana nevhiri remhepo mukugadzira simba remhepo; jenareta rinogadzira magetsi, uye kushanda kweturbine kunotenderera jenareta, iyo inogadzira magetsi kuburikidza nepfungwa ye electromagnetic induction; kutumira simba, simba rinogadzirwa rinotumirwa kugrid remagetsi uye rinopihwa kumaguta, maindasitiri nedzimba. Kune mhando dzakawanda dzesimba remvura. Zvichienderana nemisimboti yakasiyana yekushanda uye mamiriro ekushandiswa, rinogona kukamurwa kuita simba remurwizi, simba rekugadzira rematangi, simba remvura negungwa, uye simba diki remvura. Simba remvura rine zvakanakira zvakawanda, asiwo zvimwe zvakanakira. Zvakanakira zvikuru ndeizvi: simba remvura isimba rinodzokororwa. Simba remvura rinovimba nekutenderera kwemvura, saka rinogona kuvandudzwa uye harizoperi; isimba rakachena. Simba remvura hariburitse magasi egreenhouse uye kusvibisa mhepo, uye harina simba rakawanda panharaunda; rinogona kudzorwa. Nzvimbo dzesimba remvura dzinogona kugadziriswa zvichienderana nekudiwa kuti dzipe simba rekutakura zvinhu rakavimbika. Zvakashata zvikuru ndeizvi: mapurojekiti makuru esimba remvura anogona kukonzera kukuvara kwezvakatipoteredza, pamwe nematambudziko emagariro evanhu akadai sekutama kwevagari uye kutorwa kwenyika; simba remvura rinoganhurirwa nekuwanikwa kwezviwanikwa zvemvura, uye kusanaya kwemvura kana kudzikira kwemvura kunogona kukanganisa kugona kwekugadzira simba.
Simba remvura, semhando yesimba rinogona kudzokororwa, rine nhoroondo refu. Maturbine emvura ekutanga nemavhiri emvura: Kare muzana remakore rechipiri BC, vanhu vakatanga kushandisa maturbine emvura nemavhiri emvura kutyaira michina yakaita semigayo nemasawmills. Michina iyi inoshandisa simba rekufamba kwemvura kuti ishande. Kuuya kwekugadzira simba: Mukupera kwezana remakore rechi19, vanhu vakatanga kushandisa maplant emagetsi emvura kushandura simba remvura kuita magetsi. Chiteshi chekutanga chemagetsi emvura chekutengeserana pasi rose chakavakwa muWisconsin, USA muna 1882. Kuvakwa kwemadhamu nematangi emvura: Mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, huwandu hwesimba remvura hwakawedzera zvikuru nekuvakwa kwemadhamu nematangi emvura. Mapurojekiti anozivikanwa emadhamu anosanganisira Hoover Dam muUnited States neThree Gorges Dam muChina. Kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji: Nekufamba kwenguva, tekinoroji yesimba remvura yakaramba ichivandudzwa, kusanganisira kuunzwa kwematurbine, magenerator emvura uye masisitimu ekudzora akangwara, ayo akavandudza kushanda zvakanaka uye kuvimbika kwesimba remvura.
Simba remvura isimba rakachena, rinodzokororwa, uye cheni yeindasitiri yayo inosanganisira zvinhu zvakakosha, kubva pakutarisira zviwanikwa zvemvura kusvika pakutumira simba. Chinhu chekutanga chinobatana mucheni yeindasitiri yemvura ikutarisira zviwanikwa zvemvura. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuronga nguva, kuchengetwa uye kugoverwa kwekuyerera kwemvura kuitira kuti mvura ikwanise kuendeswa kuma turbines kuti igadzire simba. Kutarisira zviwanikwa zvemvura kunowanzoda kutarisa zvinhu zvakaita semvura inonaya, kumhanya kwekuyerera kwemvura uye huwandu hwemvura kuitira kuti pave nesarudzo dzakakodzera. Kutarisira zviwanikwa zvemvura zvemazuva ano kunotarisawo pakuchengetedza simba kuti kuve nechokwadi chekuti kugona kwekugadzira simba kunogona kuchengetedzwa kunyangwe mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma akadai sekusanaya kwemvura. Madhamu nematangi emvura inzvimbo dzakakosha mucheni yeindasitiri yemagetsi emvura. Madhamu anowanzo shandiswa kukwidza huwandu hwemvura uye kugadzira kumanikidzwa kwemvura, nokudaro achiwedzera simba rekufamba kwemvura. Matangi anoshandiswa kuchengetedza mvura kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti kuyerera kwemvura kwakakwana kunogona kuwanikwa panguva yekudiwa kwakanyanya. Dhizaini nekuvakwa kwemadhamu kunofanirwa kufunga nezvemamiriro enzvimbo, hunhu hwekuyerera kwemvura uye kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kuti kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzeka uye kugara kwenguva refu. Matangi ndiwo zvinhu zvikuru mucheni yeindasitiri yemagetsi emvura. Kana mvura ichiyerera nepakati pemapanga e turbine, simba rayo remagetsi rinoshandurwa kuita simba remagetsi, rinoita kuti turbine itenderere. Dhizaini uye rudzi rweturbine zvinogona kusarudzwa zvichienderana nekumhanya kwemvura, mwero wekuyerera kwayo uye kukwirira kwayo kuti iwane simba rakawanda. Kana turbine ichitenderera, inofambisa jenareta yakabatana kuti igadzire magetsi. Jenareta chishandiso chakakosha chinoshandura simba remakanika kuita simba remagetsi. Kazhinji, musimboti wekushanda kwejenareta ndeyekukonzera magetsi kuburikidza nesimba rinotenderera remagineti kuti igadzire magetsi anochinjana. Dhizaini uye kugona kwejenareta zvinofanirwa kutsanangurwa zvichienderana nekudiwa kwesimba uye hunhu hwekuyerera kwemvura. Simba rinogadzirwa nejenareta imagetsi anochinjana, ayo anowanzo fanirwa kugadziriswa kuburikidza nechiteshi. Mabasa makuru echiteshi anosanganisira kuwedzera (kukwidza voltage kuderedza kurasikirwa kwesimba kana simba rapfuudzwa) uye kushandura mhando yemagetsi (kushandura AC kuenda kuDC kana zvinopesana) kuti ienderane nezvinodiwa zvesystem yekutumira simba. Chinongedzo chekupedzisira imagetsi anopfuudzwa. Simba rinogadzirwa nechiteshi chemagetsi rinopfuudzwa kune vashandisi vemagetsi mumaguta, maindasitiri kana kumaruwa kuburikidza nemitsetse yekutumira. Mitsetse yekutumira inofanira kurongwa, kugadzirwa uye kuchengetedzwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti simba rinopfuudzwa zvakachengeteka uye zvinobudirira kuenda kunzvimbo yaunoda kuenda. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, simba rinogonawo kugadzikiswa zvakare kuburikidza ne substation kuti rienderane nezvinodiwa zve voltage dzakasiyana uye ma frequency.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-12-2024
