1, Kubuda kwejenareta yemavhiri kunoderera
(1) Chikonzero
Kana mvura iri mumusoro wemvura usingachinji, kana muromo wevane rekutungamira wasvika pakuvhurwa kusina mutoro, asi turbine isina kusvika pakumhanya kwakatarwa, kana kana muromo wevane rekutungamira wawedzera kupfuura wekutanga pakubuda kwakafanana, zvinofungidzirwa kuti kubuda kweyuniti kwaderera. Zvikonzero zvikuru zvekudzikira kwekubuda ndeizvi: 1. Kurasikirwa nekuyerera kwe hydraulic turbine; 2. Kurasikirwa ne hydraulic turbine; 3. Kurasikirwa ne hydraulic turbine ne mechanical.
(2) Kugadzirisa
1. Kana turubhu iri kushanda kana kuvharwa, hudzamu hwechubhu yedhiragi hunofanira kunge husingasviki 300mm (kunze kweturbine ye impulse). 2. Tarisa kuyerera kwemvura kana kubuda kwayo kuti mvura irambe yakaenzana uye yakatsetseka. 3. Chengeta runner ichimhanya mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, uye misa muchina kuti uongororwe uye ugadziriswe kana paine ruzha. 4. Kana turbine ye axial-flow fixed blade, kana kubuda kweyuniti kukadonha kamwe kamwe uye vibration ikawedzera, inofanira kuvharwa pakarepo kuti iongororwe.
2, Tembiricha yepedhi yekutakura inokwira zvakanyanya
(1) Chikonzero
Kune mhando mbiri dzemabheyaringi ehydraulic turbines: guide bearing uye thrust bearing. Mamiriro ekuona kuti bearing inoshanda zvakanaka ndeekuisa zvakanaka, lubrication yakanaka uye kupiwa kwemvura inotonhorera kwakajairika. Kazhinji kune nzira nhatu dzekuzora: lubrication yemvura, lubrication yemafuta mashoma uye lubrication yakaoma. Zvikonzero zvekukwira kwakanyanya kwekushisa kweshaft ndeizvi: chekutanga, mhando yekuisa bearing haina kunaka kana bearing yakasakara; Chechipiri, kukundikana kwesystem yemafuta ekuzora; Chechitatu, label yemafuta ekuzora haina kuenderana kana mhando yemafuta isina kunaka; 4. Kukundikana kwesystem yemvura yekutonhodza; 5. Unit inodedera nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero; Chetanhatu, huwandu hwemafuta ebearing hwakaderera zvakanyanya nekuda kwekubuda kwemafuta.
(2) Kugadzirisa
1. Pamabheyari akanyoroveswa nemvura, mvura inonyorovesa inofanira kusefetwa zvakasimba kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mvura yakanaka. Mvura haifanirwe kunge iine sediment yakawanda nezvinhu zvemafuta kuderedza kupera kwemabheyari uye kukwegura kwerabha.
2. Mabheya matete ane mafuta anowanzo tenderera ega. Zvishandiso zvemafuta nemadhisiki ekushandisa zvinoshandiswa. Mafuta anounzwa otomatiki nekutenderera kweyuniti. Nyatsoteerera mamiriro ekushanda kwemuchina wekushandisa mafuta. Muchina wekushandisa mafuta haubvumirwi kunamirwa. Mamiriro ekupa mafuta edhisiki rekushandisa mafuta uye huwandu hwemafuta etangi remafuta etsamba zvinofanira kuvimbiswa.
3. Nyora mafuta akaoma pabearing. Tarisa kana zvataurwa pamusoro pemafuta akaoma zvinoenderana nemafuta ebearing uye kana mhando yemafuta yakanaka. Wedzera mafuta nguva nenguva kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti nzvimbo yebearing iri 1/3 ~ 2/5.
4. Zvishandiso zvekuvhara mabheringi nemapombi emvura anotonhodza zviri mumamiriro akanaka kudzivirira mvura ine simba guruva kuti isapinde mumabheringi zvokanganisa mafuta akajairika emabheringi.
5. Kubviswa kwemafuta ekuisa mafuta kunoenderana nekumanikidzwa kweyuniti yebush rekuisa mafuta, kumhanya kwekutenderera kwakanangana, nzira yekuzora mafuta, kupenya kwemafuta, kugadziriswa kwezvikamu, kunyatsorongeka kwekuisa mafuta uye kudedera kweyuniti.
3, Kudedera kwechikamu
（1） Kudedera kwemuchina, kudedera kunokonzerwa nezvikonzero zvemuchina.
chikonzero; Chekutanga, hydraulic turbine yakarerekera; Chechipiri, axis centre ye turbine nejenareta hazvina kurongeka uye kubatana hakuna kunaka; Chechitatu, bearing haina kunaka kana kugadziriswa kwe clearance hakuna kunaka, kunyanya clearance yakakura zvakanyanya; 4. Kukakavadzana uye kuroverana pakati pezvikamu zvinotenderera nezvikamu zvisingachinji
（2） Kudengenyeka kweHydraulic, kudedera kweyuniti kunokonzerwa nekusagadzikana kwekuyerera kwemvura ichipinda murunner
Zvikonzero: chekutanga, guide vane yakakuvara uye mabhaudhi akatyoka, zvichikonzera kuvhurika kusina kuenzana kweguide vane uye kuyerera kwemvura kusina kuenzana kutenderedza runner; Chechipiri, kune mavhiri akawanda muvolute kana kuti runner inovharwa nemavhiri akawanda, zvekuti kuyerera kwemvura kutenderedza runner hakuna kuenzana; Chechitatu, kuyerera kwemvura mudraft tube hakuna kugadzikana, izvo zvinokonzera kuchinja nguva nenguva mukumanikidzwa kwemvura kwedraft tube, kana kuti mhepo inopinda mu spiral case ye hydraulic turbine, zvichikonzera kudedera kweyuniti uye ruzha rwekuyerera kwemvura.
（3） Kudengenyeka kwemagetsi kunoreva kudengenyeka kweyuniti kunokonzerwa nekusaenzana kana kuchinja kamwe kamwe kwehuwandu hwemagetsi.
Zvikonzero: chekutanga, simba remagetsi remagetsi remaphase matatu harina kuenzana zvakanyanya. Nekuda kwekusaenzana kwemagetsi, simba remagetsi remaphase matatu harina kuenzana; Chechipiri, kuchinja kwemagetsi nekukurumidza kunokonzerwa netsaona yemagetsi kunoita kuti kumhanya kwemagetsi neturbine kusakwanise kuenderana nekukurumidza; Chechitatu, musiyano uripo pakati pe stator ne rotor hauna kuenzana, izvo zvinokonzera kusagadzikana kwesimba remagetsi rinotenderera.
（4） Kudedera kwemusana, kudedera kwechikamu kunokonzerwa nedenda.
Zvikonzero: chekutanga, kudedera kunokonzerwa nekusawirirana kwema hydraulic, uko amplitude inowedzera nekuwedzera kwekuyerera; Chechipiri kudedera kunokonzerwa nekusawirirana kunokonzerwa nehuremu husingaenzaniswi hwemumhanyi, kubatana kusina kunaka kweyuniti uye eccentricity, uye amplitude inowedzera nekuwedzera kwekumhanya kunotenderera; Chechitatu kudedera kunokonzerwa nepamusoro pemagetsi. Amplitude inowedzera nekuwedzera kwe excitation current. Kana excitation yabviswa, kudedera kunogona kunyangarika; Chechina kudedera kunokonzerwa ne cavitation erosion. Amplitude yayo ine chekuita nemutoro wedunhu, dzimwe nguva unokanganiswa uye dzimwe nguva une simba. Panguva imwe chete, kune ruzha runogogodza mu draft tube, uye panogona kunge paine swinging phenomenon pa vacuum meter.
4, Tembiricha yepedhi yekutakura zvinhu inokwira uye yakanyanya kukwira
(1) Chikonzero
1. Zvikonzero zvekugadzirisa nekuisa: kudonhedza kwemafuta mubheseni, nzvimbo yekuisa pitot tube haina kururama, mukaha wetiles hausviki pazvinodiwa, uye kudedera kweyuniti kunokonzerwa nehunhu hwekuisa hakuna kujairika;
2. Zvikonzero zvekushanda: kushanda munzvimbo inodedera, kutadza kuwedzera oiri nenguva nekuda kwehunhu hwemafuta ebhearing husina kujairika uye huwandu hwemafuta, kutadza kuona kukanganiswa kwemvura inotonhorera uye huwandu hwemvura husina kukwana, zvichikonzera kushanda kwenguva refu kwemuchina usingamhanye zvakanyanya.
(2) Kugadzirisa
1. Kana tembiricha yebheyaringi yakwira, tanga watarisa mafuta ekuzora, wobva wawedzera kana kubata mafuta panguva yakakodzera kuti utsive mafuta; Gadzirisa kumanikidzwa kwemvura inotonhorera kana chinja nzira yekupa mvura; Edza kana kudedera kweyuniti kuchidarika mwero. Kana kudedera kusingakwanise kubviswa, yuniti inofanira kuvharwa;
2. Kana paine nzira yekudzivirira tembiricha, tarisa kana kudzima kwacho kwakajairika, uye tarisa kana gwenzi rebearing rakatsva. Kana Gwenzi ratsva, ritsive nerimwe idzva kana kurikuya zvakare.
5, kutadza kudzorwa kweSpeed regulation
Kana kuvhurwa kwegavhuna kwavharwa zvizere, mutyairi haagone kumira kusvika kuvhurwa kwevane yekutungamira kwatadza kudzorwa zvinobudirira, izvo zvinonzi kukundikana kwekutonga kwekukurumidza. Zvikonzero: chekutanga, kubatana kwevane yekutungamira kwakakombama, izvo zvisingakwanise kudzora kuvhurwa kwevane yekutungamira zvinobudirira, zvichikonzera kuti vane yekutungamira haigone kuvharwa uye unit haigone kumira. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mamwe mayuniti madiki haana zvishandiso zvemabhureki, uye unit haigone kumira kwenguva yakati pasi pesimba rekusashanda zvakanaka. Panguva ino, usafunge zvisirizvo kuti haina kuvharwa. Kana ukaramba uchivhara vane yekutungamira, tsvimbo yekubatanidza ichakombama. Chechipiri, kukundikana kwekutonga kwekukurumidza kunokonzerwa nekukundikana kwegavhuna otomatiki. Kana unit yeturbine yemvura ikashanda zvisina kujairika, kunyanya kana unit ikatadza kushanda zvakanaka, edza kumisa muchina nekukurumidza kuti urapwe. Kumhanya usingade kunongowedzera kukanganisa. Kana gavhuna ikakundikana uye nzira yekuvhura vane yekutungamira ikasakwanisa kumira, vharuvhu huru yeturbine inofanira kushandiswa kudimbura kuyerera kwemvura ichipinda muturbine.
Dzimwe nzira dzekurapa: 1. Gara uchichenesa nzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzemuchina wekutungamira mvura, ramba wakachena, uye gara uchidira mafuta panzvimbo inofambiswa; 2. Marara anofanira kuiswa panzvimbo inopinzwa mvura uye kurongwa nguva dzose; 3. Kuti turbine ye hydraulic ishande nechero mudziyo wemotokari, nyatsoteerera kutsiva ma brake pads nenguva uye wedzera mafuta e brake.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-28-2022
