Turgo turbine iturbine yemvura yemhando ye impulse yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa kwepakati nepakati, inowanzo shanda zvakanaka nemusoro wenet heads uri pakati pemamita gumi nemashanu nemazana matatu. Yakavambwa uye yakabvumidzwa naEric Crewdson muna 1919, Turgo yakagadzirwa kuti igutse kudiwa kwemusika kwerudzi rwePelton turbine ine kumhanya kwakanyanya. Dhizaini yayo inobvumira kuti ikwanise kubata kumhanya kwakanyanya kupfuura vhiri rePelton rine dhayamita imwe chete, zvichikonzera simba rakawanda uye kazhinji kubvisa kudiwa kwekutumira kunodhura kunowedzera kumhanya nekugonesa kubatana zvakananga nejenareta.
Kusiyana nePelton design, apo majeti emvura anorova mabhaketi ari pakati uye anodzoserwa kumashure, jeti reTurgo rinonangidzirwa pakona yakapinza (kazhinji 22.5°) kuenda kundege yemumhanyi. Mvura inopinda kubva kune rumwe rutivi rwemumhanyi uye inobuda kubva kune rumwe rutivi, zvichideredza kupindirana pakati pekubuda uye jeti iri kuuya. Nzira iyi inoshanda yekuyerera, pamwe chete nemumhanyi ane kumhanya kwakanyanya, inoita kuti Turgo ive yakakodzera nzvimbo dzine kusiyana kukuru kwekuyerera.
Zvikamu Zvikuru uye Dhizaini
Kugadzirwa kweturbine yeTurgo kunoda nzira chaiyo yekuona zvikamu zvayo zvikuru kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti inoshanda uye inogara kwenguva refu.
Mumhanyi
Basa uye Kukosha: Chinomhanyisa ndicho moyo we turbine, uko simba rinopfuudzwa kubva mumvura kuenda kuchinjika kwemuchina. Dhizaini yayo inokanganisa zvakananga kushanda zvakanaka kwe turbine.
Dhizaini yeBlade: Mabhachi eTurgo ane mablade ane chimiro chakaoma che3D uye chimiro che勺状 (sháo zhuàng - chakafanana neskupu). Pamusoro pebhachi rakagadzirwa kuti riite kuti mvura ibude nekukurumidza uye zvakakwana, zvichideredza simba rinotorwa nekubuda. Kune maturbine makuru, mablade ane chikamu che airfoil (senge bapiro rendege) kuti ashande zvakanaka, kunyange izvi zvichida kunyatsogadzirwa. Kuti mutengo uderedze, mablade madiki kana madiki eturbine dzimwe nguva anogadzirwa muchimiro che hemispherical, izvo zviri nyore kugadzira nechikwereti chidiki chete chekushanda.
Kuvaka: Chinomhanyisa chinowanzo unganidzwa kubva kumaburi akasiyana-siyana. Nzira yakajairika yekugadzira inosanganisira kugadzira maburi kubva papepa resimbi rine ukobvu hwe2mm, kazhinji uchishandisa punch press, ichiteverwa nekuchekerera nekupedzisa. Maburi aya anobva aunganidzwa uye akabatanidzwa pakati pejira rekunze (wài lún huán - ring yevhiri rekunze) uye hub yemukati (nèi lún gǔ - hub yevhiri remukati). Chivharo chekunze chinowedzera simba kumaburi uye chinobatsira kuderedza kurasikirwa kwemhepo.
Kudzora Nozzle uye Kuyerera Kwemvura
Basa remunozhu: Basa remunozhu nderekukurumidzisa mvura yakamanikidzwa kubva mupeni kuenda mujeti inomhanya zvikuru (shè liú -射流). Ichubhu ine denderedzwa inodzikira zvishoma nezvishoma munzvimbo inoyambuka, zvichiwedzera kumhanya kwemvura.
Kudzora Kuyerera Kwemvura: Kuti udzore simba rinobuda muturbine, kuyerera kwemvura kunofanirwa kudzorwa. Izvi zvinoitwa nevharuvhu yespear (kana vharuvhu yetsono) iri mukati memuromo, iyo inofamba mberi nekudzokera shure kuti ichinje dhayamita yejet, kana nevharuvhu yekudzora nemaoko iri papenstock. Pamusoro pezvo, majet deflectors anoshandiswa senzira yekuchengetedza kuti jet ikurumidze kutsausa jet kubva kune runner kana paine kurasikirwa nemutoro kamwe kamwe, zvichidzivirira turbine kubva pakumhanya kwakanyanya uye penstock kubva pakumanikidzwa kwesimba.
Mabheyaringi neCasing
Mabheyaringi: Mubatanidzwa wemabheyaringi unofanira kutsigira huremu hwakabatana hwerunner nejenareta rotor, kutsungirira axial thrust, uye kubata masimba eradial panguva yekushanda. Kugadzika kwakajairika kweyuniti ye micro-hydro Turgo kunogona kusanganisira thrust roller bearing uye single-row radial ball bearing. Mabheyaringi aya akagadzirwa kuti ave akasimba, anokwanisa kutsungirira mamiriro ekushanda akaipisisa, kusanganisira kumhanya kwenguva pfupi.
Kugadzira nekugadzira zvechinyakare
Kune vanomhanyisa simbi, kuumbwa kwesimbi yechinyakare uye kugadzira nemazvo kwakajairika. Chimiro chakaoma chemapanga e3D chinowanzo da Computer Numerical Control (CNC) milling kuti iwane kururama kunodiwa, kunyanya kune ma profiles e airfoil anoshanda zvakanaka. Sezvambotaurwa, kune ma micro-turbines ari nyore, mapanga anogona kudhindwa kana kubvoorwa kubva pa sheet metal uye ozosungirirwa, inova nzira inoshanda zvishoma.
Kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zve turbine, zvakaita se casing, kunowanzo sanganisira kusundira mapurati esimbi akamonererwa. Nozzle nezvimwe zvikamu zvinodzora kuyerera kwemvura zvinowanzogadzirwa nesimbi dzisingakanganise ngura dzakadai sebronze kana simbi isina ngura kuti dzisakukurwa.
Nzira dzemazuva ano uye dzekuvandudza
Zvishandiso Zvekugadzira Zvepamusoro: Kugadzira kwemazuva ano kunonyanya kushandisa Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) nezvimwe zvishandiso zvekugadzira nhamba. Mapurogiramu aya anobvumira mainjiniya kutevedzera kuyerera kwemvura kuburikidza nerunner, vachigadzirisa maitiro eblade kuti vawane simba rakawanda uye vashande zvakanaka vasati vagadzira chero prototype chaiyo.
Kugadzira Zvinowedzerwa (3D Printing): Kudhinda kwe3D kwave chishandiso chine simba chekugadzira, kunyanya kumaturbine eTurgo epico-scale kana kugadzira maprototypes. Tsvagiridzo yakabudirira kugadzira mablades eTurgo turbine akazara uchishandisa maprinta e3D. Maitiro acho anosanganisira:
Kugadzira banga iri musoftware ye3D modeling (semuenzaniso, SolidWorks).
Kutumira dhizaini yacho kunze kwenyika sefaira reSTL.
Kugadzirira kudhinda uchishandisa software yekucheka (semuenzaniso, Ultimaker Cura), uko zvinhu zvakakosha zvakaita sekuyerera kwenozzle filament, huwandu hwe infill, support structures, uye printing tembiricha zvinofanirwa kugadziriswa zvakanaka.
Kudhinda paprinta ye3D yakaganhurirwa.
Nzira iyi inobvumira kugadzirwa kwezvikamu zvakaoma nekukurumidza uye zvisingadhuri, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakanaka kune zvinoshandiswa zvakagadzirwa nemaoko, zvidiki.
Kushanda uye Zvakanakira
Kana yakagadzirwa nemazvo, maturbine eTurgo ane zvakanakira zvakawanda:
Kushanda Nesimba: Turbine yakagadzirwa zvakanaka inogona kushanda zvakanaka. Mayunitsi ekushanda anowanzo svika pa87%, uye mimwe miedzo yemurabhoritari inoratidza kusvika pa90%. Maturbine ePico-scale achiri kugona kushanda zvakanaka kupfuura 80%.
Kusimba Uye Kusanyanya Kugadzirisa: Turbine yeTurgo inozivikanwa nekugadzirwa kwayo kuri nyore uye kwakasimba, izvo zvinoreva kuti haidi kugadziriswa zvakanyanya. Dhizaini yayo, kunyanya nzira yejet yakatenderedzwa, inoita kuti mashandiro ayo asanyanya kuipa kubva pazvinhu zvinokwesha zvakaita sejecha kana silt zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe turbine, sezvo kupfeka kuchipararira zvakaenzana pamusoro pemapanga.
Kuchinjika Kwekushanda: Simba guru reTurgo kugona kwayo kuchengetedza kushanda zvakanaka pamusoro pehuwandu hwakasiyana-siyana hwekuyerera kwemvura. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive yakakodzera zvikuru kune zvirongwa zvemvura zvinoyerera murwizi uko kuyerera kwemvura kunogona kusiyana zvakanyanya. Kusiyana nema turbine eFrancis, ayo mashandiro awo anogona kuderera zvakanyanya pakuyerera kwakaderera, Turgo inoramba ichigadzira simba zvinobudirira.
Mafambiro emangwana mukugadzirwa kweTurgo turbine anotungamira pakuenderera mberi kwekugadzirwa kwedhizaini kuburikidza nekugadzira mamodheru epamusoro uye kushandiswa kwakakura kwekugadzira zvinowedzera zvekugadzira maprototyping uye kugadzira kwekupedzisira kwezvikamu. Sezvo kuedza kutsvagisa nekugadzira kuchienderera mberi, sezvakaratidzwa nemabhuku akasiyana-siyana nemabasa edzidzo, tinogona kutarisira kuwedzera kwekuvandudzwa mukushanda uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemuchina uyu wemagetsi emvura.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-17-2025
