Hunhu hwezviteshi zvemagetsi emvura hunosanganisira:
1. Simba rakachena: Nzvimbo dzemagetsi dzinoshandiswa nemagetsi hadziburitse tsvina kana magasi anosvibisa denga, uye isimba rakachena kwazvo.
2. Simba rinogona kudzokororwa: Zviteshi zvemagetsi zvinoshandisa mvura zvinoshandisa kutenderera kwemvura, uye mvura haizopedzwi zvachose, zvichiita kuti ive simba rinogona kudzokororwa.
3. Kugadzikana kwakanyanya: Mvura yakawanda uye kuyerera kwemvura kwakasimba zvinoita kuti simba rinobuda muzviteshi zvemagetsi zvinogadzikana, zvakakodzera kushandiswa kwenguva refu.
Zvichienderana nenzira dzakasiyana dzekuvaka uye nzira dzekushandisa simba remvura, nzvimbo dzemagetsi dzinogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zvinotevera:
1. Nzvimbo yemagetsi yemhando yedhamu: Nekuchengetedza mvura mudhamu, huwandu hwemvura murwizi hunodzorwa, uye kudonha kwemusoro kunoshandiswa kufambisa turbine ye hydraulic yekugadzira magetsi.
2. Nzvimbo yemagetsi inopombwa nemvura: Munzvimbo dzakaderera, nzvimbo dzemagetsi dzinoita sedziva dzinoganhurirwa nehuwandu hwemvura. Nzvimbo dzemagetsi dzinopombwa nemvura dzinoshandisa mapombi kupomba mvura kubva kunzvimbo dzakaderera kusvika dzakakwirira, uye dzobva dzagadzira magetsi kuburikidza nepfungwa yekushanda kwemusoro wemvura.
3. Nzvimbo yemagetsi yeTidal: Kushandisa kushanduka-shanduka kwemvura kuti iunganidze musiyano wehurefu hwemvura iri kuchinja-chinja uye kugadzira magetsi pasi pesimba remvura.
4. Nzvimbo yemagetsi inoyerera piston: Kushandisa mafashamo, mafungu emvura nedzimwe nguva dzemvura dziri kukwira kuti iwedzere mvura yakawanda nekukurumidza, ichigadzira magetsi nekukurumidza kuburikidza nekudonha kwemusoro munguva pfupi kuti igutse kudiwa kwemagetsi kwenguva pfupi.
Muchidimbu, zviteshi zvemagetsi zvinoshandisa mvura inzvimbo yakakosha yesimba rakachena ine hunhu hwakadai sekuchena, kugona kuvandudzwa, uye kugadzikana, uye zvinorongwa zvichienderana nenzira dzavanovaka nadzo uye nzira dzekushandisa simba remvura.
Kune mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemadhamu muzviteshi zvemagetsi emvura:
1. Dhamu reGravity: Imadziro akamira akavakwa nezvinhu zvakaita sekongiri kana matombo, anotakura simba remvura kuburikidza negravity. Madhamu egravity anowanzo gadzikana, asi anoda zvinhu zvakawanda zvekuvaka nenzvimbo yepasi. Hunhu hwayo ndehwekuti pasi pedhamu rakafara uye pamusoro pedhamu pakatetepa, izvo zvakakodzera mumamiriro ezvinhu apo mativi ese emupata werwizi anotsigirwa nematombo akanaka.
2. Dhamu reArch: Imhando yedhamu rine madziro akakombama, ayo anoparadzira simba remvura kuburikidza nechivakwa chearch. Pakuvaka dhamu rearch, zvinodikanwa kutanga wavaka fomu remapuranga rakaita search kwenguva pfupi, wobva wadira kongiri pariri kuti riumbwe. Dhamu reArch rakakodzera nzvimbo dzakamanikana uye dzakakwirira dzemupata, dzine zvakanakira zvakaita sekugara pasi kushoma uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekudengenyeka kwenyika.
3. Dhamu rematombo evhu: Imhando yedhamu rinoumbwa nekuunganidzwa kwevhu nezvinhu zvematombo, uye mukati maro munoshandisa matanho ekudzivirira kudonha kwemvura kudzivirira kudonha kwemvura. Dhamu rematombo evhu rinoshandisa simende shoma nezvimwe zvinhu, asi zvinotora nguva yakareba kuti muviri wedhamu usimbiswe. Dhamu rematombo evhu rinokodzera nzvimbo dzine mvura yakati sandara uye dzine makomo.
4. Dhamu rekutsausa: Inzvimbo diki inoshandiswa kutungamira kuyerera kwemvura, uye chimiro chayo nemaumbirwo ayo zvakasiyana nechedhamu. Dhamu rekutsausa rinowanzo gadzirwa pakati penzizi kuti mvura iendeswe kumagwenya emagetsi kana kudiridza. Dhamu rekutsausa rinowanzo derera uye zvinhu zvinoshandiswa zvakareruka.
Kazhinji, mhando dzakasiyana dzemadhamu emagetsi ane mamiriro adzo, zvakanakira nezvakaipira. Kusarudzwa kwerudzi rwedhamu kunofanirwa kuenderana nemamiriro enzvimbo, mamiriro emvura nemamiriro ekunze, pamwe nemamwe mamiriro chaiwo.
Sisitimu yehub yechiteshi chemagetsi emvura inowanzo sanganisira zvikamu zvinotevera:
1. Dziva: rine basa rekuchengetedza matsime emvura uye kupa mvura inodiwa pakugadzira magetsi.
2. Nzvimbo dzekubuditsa mvura mumafashamo: dzinoshandiswa kudzora huwandu hwemvura uye kuyerera kwemvura mudhamu, kuona kuti dhamu iri rinoshanda zvakachengeteka, uye kudzivirira njodzi dzakadai semafashamo.
3. Sisitimu yekutsausa: Isa mvura kubva mudura muchikamu chekugadzira magetsi kuti igadzire magetsi. Sisitimu yekutsausa mvura inosanganisira michina yakaita semvura inopinzwa, nzira yekupinda, mapaipi ekumanikidza, uye vharuvhu inodzora.
4. Seti yejenareta: mudziyo unoshandura simba remvura rinounzwa kuita simba remagetsi.
5. Sisitimu yekutumira: Magetsi anogadzirwa nejenareta anotumirwa kumushandisi.
6. Sisitimu yekudzora: Sisitimu inotarisa, inotonga, uye inodzora mashandiro ezviteshi zvemagetsi, kusanganisira masisitimu ekudzora otomatiki, zvishandiso zvekutarisa, uye masisitimu ekudzora makomputa.
Zvinhu zvinofungwa nezvazvo pakuongorora midziyo yezviteshi zvemagetsi zvinoshandisa mvura zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:
1. Nzvimbo yezviteshi zvemagetsi zvinoshandisa mvura: Nzvimbo yezviteshi zvemagetsi zvinoshandisa mvura ndeimwe yezvinhu zvikuru zvinokanganisa kukosha kwazvo. Panogona kunge paine misiyano yakakura munharaunda yemusika uye rutsigiro rwemitemo rwunotarisana nezviteshi zvemagetsi zvinoshandisa mvura munzvimbo dzakasiyana, izvo zvinoda kufungwa zvizere.
2. Zviyero zvehunyanzvi zvezviteshi zvemagetsi emvura: Kugona kwazvinoita, musoro wemvura, mwero wekuyerera kwemvura nezvimwe zvinongedzo zvehunyanzvi zvezviteshi zvemagetsi emvura zvinokanganisa zvakananga kugona kwazvinoita kugadzira magetsi uye mabhenefiti ehupfumi, uye zvinoda kunzwisisa kwakazara uye kuongororwa kwesainzi.
3. Mamiriro ekubatanidza grid: Mamiriro ekubatanidza grid pazviteshi zvemagetsi zvine chekuita nekuwana kwemagetsi uye mari yekushandisa, uye zvakakosha kufunga nezvezvinhu zvakaita sekugadzikana kwegrid, kureba kwetambo dzemagetsi, uye kugona kwetransformer.
4. Kutarisirwa kwekushanda nekugadzirisa: Mamiriro emidziyo, mamiriro ekugadzirisa, uye magwaro ekuchengetedza ekugadzira zviteshi zvemagetsi emvura zviratidzo zvakakosha pakuongorora kukosha kwazvo, uye kuongorora kwakazara uye kuongororwa kunodiwa.
5. Mamiriro emutemo nemutemo: Nzvimbo yemutemo nemutemo umo zviteshi zvemagetsi zvinogadzirwa nemvura zvichavewo nemhedzisiro yakasiyana-siyana pakukosha kwazvo, kunyanya maererano nerutsigiro rwemutemo rwakadai semitemo yerubatsiro, zvinokurudzira mitero, uye kutevedzera nharaunda.
6. Mamiriro emari: Mamiriro emari echiteshi chemagetsi emvura chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvinokanganisa kukosha kwacho, kusanganisira mari yekudyara, mari yekushandisa, mari yekugadzira magetsi, nezvimwe zvinhu.
7. Mamiriro emakwikwi: Mamiriro emakwikwi emusika umo zviteshi zvemagetsi zvinogadzirwa nemvura zvichavewo nemhedzisiro yakasiyana-siyana pamari yazvo yekugadzira magetsi uye chinzvimbo chemusika. Zvakakosha kuva nekunzwisisa kwakakwana kwemamiriro emakwikwi emusika uye mamiriro evakwikwidzi vakuru.
Muchidimbu, kuongororwa kwezvinhu zvezviteshi zvemagetsi zvinoshandisa mvura kunofanirwa kufunga nezvezvinhu zvakawanda, kuongorora zvizere uye kuona kukosha kwazvo kwechokwadi.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-06-2023
