Nzizi dzinoyerera kwezviuru zvemakiromita, dzine simba guru. Kugadzirwa nekushandiswa kwesimba remvura yechisikigo kuita magetsi kunonzi hydropower. Zvinhu zviviri zvinokosha zvinoumba simba re hydraulic imvura inoyerera uye musoro. Kuyerera kwayo kunotsanangurwa nerwizi pacharwo, uye kinetic energy using rate yekushandisa zvakananga mvura yerwizi ichave yakaderera zvikuru, nekuti hazvigoneke kuzadza chikamu chose cherwizi nema turbine emvura.
Kushandiswa kwemvura inoyerera kunonyanya kushandisa simba rinogona kushandiswa, uye panofanira kunge paine kudzikira kwekushandiswa kwesimba rinogona kushandiswa. Zvisinei, kudonha kwechisikigo kwenzizi kunowanzo umbwa zvishoma nezvishoma munzira yekuyerera kwerwizi, uye mukati mechinhambwe chipfupi, kudonha kwechisikigo kwemvura kunenge kwakaderera. Matanho akakodzera einjiniya anofanirwa kutorwa kuti kuwedzere kudonha, uko kuri kusanganisa kudonha kwechisikigo kwakapararira kuti kugadzire musoro wemvura unoshanda.
Mabhenefiti emagetsi emvura
1. Kuvandudzwa kwesimba remvura
Simba remvura rinobva mumvura inoyerera murwizi, iyo inonyanya kugadzirwa negasi rechisikigo uye kutenderera kwemvura. Kutenderera kwemvura kunoita kuti simba remvura ridzokororwe uye rishandiswezve, saka simba remvura rinonzi "simba rinogona kudzokororwa". "Simba rinogona kudzokororwa" rine chinzvimbo chakasiyana mukuvaka simba.
2. Zviwanikwa zvemvura zvinogona kushandiswa zvizere
Simba remagetsi rinoshandisa simba riri mumvura chete uye harishandisi mvura. Nokudaro, zviwanikwa zvemvura zvinogona kushandiswa zvakakwana, uye pamusoro pekugadzira magetsi, zvinogona kubatsirwa panguva imwe chete nekudzora mafashamo, kudiridza, kutakura zvinhu nengarava, kupa mvura, kurima gungwa, kushanya, nezvimwe zvinhu, uye kuita budiriro ine zvinangwa zvakawanda.
3. Kudzora simba remvura
Simba remagetsi harigone kuchengetwa, uye kugadzirwa nekushandiswa zvinopedzwa panguva imwe chete. Simba remvura rinogona kuchengetwa mumatangi, ayo anogadzirwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nehurongwa hwemagetsi. Matangi anoshanda sematura ekuchengetera simba rehurongwa hwemagetsi. Kugadziriswa kwematangi kunovandudza kugona kwehurongwa hwemagetsi kudzora mitoro, zvichiwedzera kuvimbika uye kuchinjika kwemagetsi.
4. Kugadziriswa kwekugadzirwa kwemagetsi emvura
Turbine yemvura inotungamira mvura kubva panzvimbo yakakwirira kuenda kunzvimbo yakaderera inogona kugadzira magetsi uye kushandura simba remvura kuita simba remagetsi; Uye zvakare, mvura iri padanho repasi inotorwa nemapombi emagetsi uye inotumirwa kumatangi ari padanho repamusoro kuti ichengetwe, zvichishandura simba remagetsi kuita simba remvura. Kushandisa kudzoserwa kwekugadzirwa kwesimba remvura kuvaka nzvimbo dzemagetsi dzinopombwa kune basa rakasiyana mukuvandudza kugona kwekutonga mutoro kwesimba remagetsi.
5. Kuchinjika kwekushanda kweyuniti
Zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvinogadzirwa nemagetsi zvine michina iri nyore, zvinochinjika uye zvinovimbika, uye zviri nyore kuwedzera kana kuderedza mutoro. Zvinogona kutanga kana kumira nekukurumidza zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nevashandisi, uye zviri nyore kuita otomatiki. Zvakakodzera zvakanyanya kuita mabasa ekugera nekudzora frequency system yemagetsi, pamwe nekushanda se emergency standby, kugadzirisa mutoro, uye mamwe mabasa. Zvinogona kuwedzera kuvimbika kwesystem yemagetsi, nekubatsira kukuru kwe dynamic. Nzvimbo dzemagetsi dzinogadzirwa nemagetsi ndidzo dzinotakura mutoro unochinjika musystem yemagetsi.
6. Kugadzirwa kwemagetsi emvura kwakaderera uye kushanda zvakanaka kwazvo
Simba remagetsi rinoshandisa mvura harishandisi mafuta, uye haridi vanhu vakawanda vanoisa mari mukushandisa nekufambisa mafuta. Midziyo yacho iri nyore, ine vashandi vashoma, simba rekubatsira shoma, hupenyu hwekushanda kwenguva refu hwemidziyo, uye mari shoma yekushanda nekugadzirisa. Nokudaro, mari yekugadzira simba remagetsi rezviteshi zvemagetsi emvura yakaderera, 1/5 kusvika 1/8 chete yenzvimbo yemagetsi emafuta ekare. Pamusoro pezvo, mwero wekushandiswa kwesimba rezviteshi zvemagetsi ekare wakakwira, unosvika kupfuura 85%, nepo wenzvimbo yemagetsi emafuta ekare uri 40% chete.
7. Zvinobatsira pakuvandudza nharaunda
Kugadzirwa kwemagetsi emvura hakusvibisi nharaunda. Nzvimbo yakakura yemvura iri mudura remvura inodzora mamiriro ekunze enzvimbo iyi uye kupararira kwemvura panguva nenzvimbo, izvo zvinobatsira mukuvandudza nharaunda yenzvimbo dzakapoteredza. Kune mafekitori emagetsi anoshandisa marasha, tani yega yega yemarasha akaomeswa inofanira kuburitsa anenge 30kg yeSO2, uye anopfuura 30kg eguruva remadutu anoburitswa. Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemafekitori emagetsi makuru nepakati makumi mashanu munyika yese, 90% yemafekitori emagetsi anoburitsa SO2 ine huwandu hunopfuura 860mg/m3, inova kusvibiswa kwakakomba. Munyika yanhasi uko kutariswa kuri kuenderera mberi nenyaya dzezvakatipoteredza, kukurumidzisa kuvakwa kwemagetsi emvura uye kuwedzera huwandu hwemagetsi emvura muChina zvakakosha zvikuru mukuderedza kusvibiswa kwenharaunda.
Zvakaipa zvemagetsi emvura
Mari yakawanda inodyarwa kamwe chete - mabasa makuru ekugadzira ivhu nekongiri yekuvaka zviteshi zvemagetsi; Uyezve, zvichakonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kwemafashamo uye zvinoda kuti mari yakawanda yekuvaka patsva ibhadharwe; Nguva yekuvaka yakarebawo kupfuura yekuvaka zviteshi zvemagetsi zvinopisa, zvichikanganisa kuchinjana kwemari yekuvaka. Kunyangwe kana imwe mari inodyarwa mumapurojekiti ekuchengetedza mvura ichigovaniswa nemadhipatimendi akasiyana-siyana anobatsirwa, mari inodyarwa pa kilowatt yemagetsi emvura yakakwira zvikuru kupfuura yesimba rinopisa. Zvisinei, mumabasa anotevera, mari inochengetwa pagore inoshandiswa ichaderedzwa gore negore. Nguva yepamusoro inobvumidzwa yekubhadhara ine chekuita nedanho rekusimudzira nyika uye mutemo wesimba. Kana nguva yekubhadhara iri pasi pemutengo unobvumidzwa, zvinoonekwa sezvine musoro kuwedzera kugona kwakaiswa kwechiteshi chemagetsi emvura.
Njodzi yekukundikana - Nekuda kwemafashamo, madhamu anovhara huwandu hwakawanda hwemvura, njodzi dzechisikigo, kukuvara kunokonzerwa nevanhu, uye kunaka kwekuvaka, izvo zvinogona kuva nemigumisiro yakaipa kunzvimbo dziri pasi perwizi nezvivakwa. Kukundikana kwakadaro kunogona kukanganisa magetsi, mhuka nezvirimwa, uye kunogonawo kukonzera kurasikirwa kukuru nekukuvara.
Kukuvadzwa kwezvakatipoteredza - Madhamu makuru anokonzera mafashamo makuru pamusoro pemadhamu, dzimwe nguva achiparadza nzvimbo dzakaderera, masango emumipata, uye nzvimbo dzine uswa. Panguva imwe chete, zvinokanganisawo nharaunda yemvura yakakomberedza chirimwa. Zvinokanganisa zvikuru hove, shiri dzemumvura, nedzimwe mhuka.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-03-2023
