Penstock zvinoreva pombi inotamisa mvura kuenda ku hydraulic turbine kubva padhamu kana hydropower station leveling structure (forebay kana surge chamber). Inzvimbo yakakosha ye hydropower station, ine nzvimbo yakatsetseka, simba guru remvura mukati, pedyo ne power house, uye ine simba re hydrodynamic pressure re water hammer. Saka, inonziwo pombi ine simba guru kana pombi ine simba guru remvura.
Basa remapaipi emvura anomanikidzwa nderekutakura simba remvura. Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti penstock yakaenzana ne "tsinga" yechiteshi chemagetsi emvura.
1, chimiro chepenstock chechimiro
Zvichienderana nezvivakwa zvakasiyana, zvinhu, marongerwo emapaipi uye nzvimbo dzakapoteredza, maumbirwo ezvigadziko zvepenstock akasiyana.
(1) Dzimba reDhamu
1. Pombi yakavigwa mudhamu
Mapombi esimbi anowanzo shandiswa mu concrete yemuviri wedhamu. Mapombi esimbi anowanzo shandiswa. Magadzirirwo enzvimbo anosanganisira shaft dzakatsveyama, dzakatwasuka uye dzakamira.
2. Penstock iri kuseri kwedhamu
Kuiswa kwemapaipi akavigwa mudhamu kunovhiringidza zvikuru kuvakwa kwedhamu, uye kunokanganisa simba redhamu. Nokudaro, pombi yesimbi inogona kurongeka padanho redhamu riri pasi mushure mekupfuura nepakati pedumbu redhamu kuti ive pombi yekumashure yedhamu.
（2） Nzvimbo yepamusoro
Nzvimbo yemagetsi yepasi inowanzoiswa mumhepo yakavhurika ichitevedza mutsetse wegomo kuti igadzire nzvimbo yemvura yepasi, inonzi pombi yakavhurika kana kuti nzvimbo yemvura yakavhurika.
Zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvepombi, kazhinji pane mhando mbiri:
1. Pombi yesimbi
2. Pombi yekongiri yakasimbiswa
（3） Chivako chepasi pevhu
Kana mamiriro enzvimbo uye geology asina kukodzera kurongeka kwepombi yakavhurika kana kuti nzvimbo yemagetsi yakarongwa pasi pevhu, penstock inowanzo rongwa pasi pevhu kuti ive penstock yepasi pevhu. Kune mhando mbiri dzepenstock pasi pevhu: pombi yakavigwa uye pombi yakazadzwa kumashure.
2, Nzira yekupa mvura kubva ku penstock kuenda ku turbine
1. Mvura yakasiyana: penstock imwe chete inopa mvura kuyuniti imwe chete, kureva kuti, pombi imwe chete inopa mvura kuyuniti imwe chete.
2. Kupa mvura pamwe chete: pombi huru inopa mvura kumayuniti ese echiteshi chemagetsi mushure mekunge magumo apatsanuka.
3. Mvura yakaunganidzwa
Pombi huru yega yega inopa mvura kumayuniti maviri kana anopfuura mushure mekuumbwa kwemapazi pamucheto, kureva kuti, mapaipi akawanda uye mayuniti akawanda.
Kunyangwe mvura yekubatanidza kana yeboka iri yashandiswa, huwandu hwemayuniti akabatana nepombi yega yega yemvura hahufanirwe kudarika 4.
3. Nzira yekupinda kwemvura ye penstock inopinda muimba yemagetsi emvura
Kutenderera kwepenstock uye divi remuti zvinogona kurongwa nenzira yakanaka, yakatetepa kana yakatsvuka.
Nguva yekutumira: Gumiguru-17-2022
