Turbine yemvura muchina wemagetsi unoshandura simba rekuyerera kwemvura kuita simba remuchina unotenderera. Ndewemuchina weturbine wemuchina wemvura. Kare kuma100 BC, tangi returbine yemvura - turbine yemvura rakaonekwa muChina, iro raishandiswa kusimudza kudiridza nekufambisa michina yekugadzira zviyo. Maturbine mazhinji emvura emazuva ano akaiswa muzviteshi zvemagetsi kuti afambise majenareta kuti agadzire magetsi. Muchiteshi chemagetsi, mvura iri mudura remvura rinotungamirwa ku hydraulic turbine kuburikidza nepombi yemusoro kuti ifambise turbine kuti itenderedze uye ifambise jenareta kuti igadzire magetsi. Mvura yapera inoburitswa pasi kuburikidza nepombi yemumugwagwa. Kana musoro wemvura wakakwira uye kana mvura yabuda zvakanyanya, simba rekubuda kwe hydraulic turbine rinokura.
Chiteshi che turbine chine tubular chiri mu hydropower station chine dambudziko re cavitation mu runner chamber ye turbine, iyo inonyanya kugadzira cavitation ine upamhi hwe 200mm uye kudzika kwe 1-6mm mu runner chamber panzvimbo inopinzwa mvura uye inobuda nebanga rimwe chete, zvichiratidza mabhandi e cavitation kwese kwese. Kunyanya, cavitation iri pamusoro pe runner chamber inonyanya kuonekwa, ine kudzika kwe 10-20mm. Zvikonzero zve cavitation mu runner chamber ye turbine zvinoongororwa seizvi:
Chinoyerera nebanga rechiteshi chemagetsi emvura zvakagadzirwa nesimbi isingatsvedzeri, uye chinhu chikuru chekamuri remumhanyi iQ235. Kusimba kwayo uye kuramba kwayo kudonha kwemvura hazvina kunaka. Nekuda kwekusakwanisa kwayo kuchengetedza mvura mudura, dura rave richishanda pamusoro wekugadzira wakakwira zvakanyanya kwenguva yakareba, uye huwandu hwakawanda hwemabubble emhepo hunoonekwa mumvura yekumashure. Munguva yekushanda, mvura inoyerera mu hydraulic turbine kuburikidza nenzvimbo ine kumanikidzwa kwakaderera pane kumanikidzwa kwemhepo. Mvura inopfuura nepakati peburi inopwanyika uye inofashaira kugadzira mabubble emhepo, ichigadzira kumanikidzwa kwemhepo yemunzvimbo, zvichikonzera kukanganiswa nguva nenguva pasimbi nehammer pressure, zvichikonzera kukanganiswa kwakawanda pamusoro pesimbi, zvichikonzera kukuvara kwezvinhu. Nekuda kweizvozvo, simbi crystal cavitation inodonha. Kudonha kunoitika kakawanda pakamuri remumhanyi panzvimbo inopinzwa uye inobuda yeburi rimwe chete. Naizvozvo, pasi pekushanda kwemusoro wemvura wakakwira zvakanyanya kwenguva yakareba, kudonha kunoitika zvishoma nezvishoma uye kunoramba kuchidzika.
Tichitarisa dambudziko re cavitation ye turbine runner chamber, chiteshi chemagetsi chemvura chakagadziriswa nekukwevera patsva pakutanga, asi dambudziko guru re cavitation rakawanikwa zvakare mu runner chamber panguva yekugadzirisa kwakazotevera. Panyaya iyi, munhu aitarisira kambani iyi akatibata uye aitarisira kuti tinogona kubatsira kugadzirisa dambudziko re cavitation ye turbine runner chamber. Mainjiniya edu akagadzira hurongwa hwekugadzirisa hwakanangana zvichibva pakuongorora kwakadzama kwemidziyo yekambani. Tichivimbisa saizi yekugadzirisa, takasarudza zvinhu zve carbon nano polymer zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yekushanda yemidziyo kuti zvisangane nezvinodiwa zvekushanda kwenguva refu pasi pemamiriro ekushanda panzvimbo. Matanho ekugadzirisa panzvimbo ndeaya anotevera:
1. Kurapa kubvisa mafuta pamusoro penzvimbo dzinoisa mafuta mukamuri remuchina we turbine;
2. Kubvisa ngura nekuputika kwejecha;
3. Sanganisa zvinhu zveSorecun nano polymer wozviisa pachikamu chinoda kugadziriswa;
4. Simbisa zvinhu uye tarisa nzvimbo yekugadzirisa.
Nguva yekutumira: Gumiguru-14-2022
