Turbine inoreva mudziyo wekutumira magetsi unoshandiswa nemagetsi unoshandura simba remvura rinoita kuti mvura ishande nesimba rinotenderera. Chinhu chikuru chinoshandiswa mumatangi emagetsi emvura kufambisa maturbine emhepo kuti agadzire simba remagetsi, iro riri mudziyo unokosha wemagetsi emagetsi kumatangi emagetsi emvura. Zvichienderana nepfungwa dzayo, inogona kukamurwa kuita mhando mbiri: turbine yemagetsi neturbine yemagetsi. Ngatitarisei kuti chii chinonzi turbine yemvura? Chii chinonzi chimiro cheturbine yemvura?
Chii chinonzi turbine yemvura?
Turbine yemvura yakabva pavhiri remvura kana kuti mota inopinza zvinhu zvisiri pamutemo munguva dzekare. Muna 1827, mainjiniya wehunyanzvi wekuFrance B. Fourneron akagadzira turbine ine simba remabhiza matanhatu. Muna 1849, yakagadziriswa nehurongwa hwemainjiniya wehunyanzvi wekuAmerica JB Francis kuti igadzire turbine yemazuva ano yeFrancis, saka inonzi turbine yeFrancis. Turbine iyi yakaitika muna 1850. Pakazosvika 1880, mainjiniya wehunyanzvi wekuAmerica LA Pelton akawana kodzero yepamutemo yeturbine yemhando yebucket-type impingement, inonzi Pelton turbine. Nekufambira mberi kwekuvandudzwa nekugadzirwa kwemapurojekiti emagetsi emvura, mhando, hunhu uye maumbirwo ema hydraulic turbine ari kuwedzera kukwana. Muna 1912, mainjiniya wehunyanzvi wekuAustria V. Kaplan akagadzira turbine yekutanga yerotary propeller axial fan, saka yakanzi Kaplan turbine. Muma1940 nema1950, ma turbine e axial-flow uye oblique-flow akaonekwa imwe mushure meimwe. Panguva imwe chete, mafambiro ekugadzirwa kwema hydraulic turbines aive ma centrifugal pombi turbines, ayo aishandiswa muma power storage plants anopombwa. Mhando dzema turbines dzinogona kubatanidzwa muzvinangwa zvakasiyana nemitemo yemvura dzakasiyana mukugadzirwa nekugadzirwa kwemapurojekiti e hydropower. Mushure mekutangwa kwePeople's Republic of China, kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri kwekugadzira nekugadzira ma turbines eChina kwakakurumidza kupera. Kune ma turbines anopfuura makumi maviri, ayo akagadzira zvombo zve turbine zvinodarika mamiriyoni makumi maviri nemidziyo ye hydropower plants munyika yese, uye akatumirwa kune dzimwe nyika.
Zvichienderana nehunhu hwekuchinjana kwekupisa, ma hydro turbines akakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri, anoti rudzi rwekurwisa uye rudzi rwekukanganisa. Uye mhando yega yega ye turbine yakakamurwa kuita mafomu akasiyana zvichienderana nehunhu hwemvura iri kuyerera munzvimbo yemubato unotenderera uye rudzi rwechimiro chemubato unotenderera.
Chii chinonzi chimiro cheturbine?
Turbine ye hydraulic i hydraulic turbine yemidziyo yekugadzira magetsi ye hydraulic. Turbine ye hydraulic ne wind turbine, mota inodzora kumhanya, sisitimu ye excitation regulator uye sisitimu yekudzora chiteshi chemagetsi zvinoshandiswa muzvishandiso zvinotsigira, izvo zvinoumba chikamu chikuru chechiteshi chemagetsi.
Turbine yemvura inogadzirwa uye inogadzirwa zvichienderana nekuyerera kwedata uye saizi yemusoro wemvura. Basa rayo nderekushandura mvura kuita simba remakanika uye kukurudzira kugadzirwa kwesimba rematurbine emhepo. Turbine pachayo ine shaft yeturbine, ring yechigaro cheturbine, turbine volute uye turbine main shaft bearing. Pamusoro pezvo, zvichienderana nezvinodiwa, mimwe michina nezvimwe zvikamu zvinoiswawo. Mhando dzakasiyana dzeturbine dzine maumbirwo akasiyana uye mashandisirwo.
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-19-2022
