Diki-scale power power generation (inonzi diki simba remvura) harina tsananguro inofambirana uye kupatsanurwa kwehuwandu hwehuwandu munyika dzepasirese. Kunyange munyika imwe chete, panguva dzakasiyana, mitemo haina kufanana. Kazhinji, zvichienderana neiyo yakaiswa simba, diki hydropower inogona kukamurwa kuita mamakisi matatu: diki, diki uye diki. Dzimwe nyika dzine giredhi rimwe chete, uye dzimwe nyika dzakakamurwa kuita mamakisi maviri, ayo akasiyana chose. Zvinoenderana nemirairo yenyika yangu ikozvino, avo vane simba rakaiswa risingasviki 25,000 kW vanonzi madiki emagetsi emagetsi; avo vane simba rakaiswa risingasviki 25,000 kW uye isingasviki 250,000 kW zviteshi zvemagetsi zvepakati nepakati; zviya zvine simba rakaiswa rinopfuura 250,000 kW zviteshi zvemagetsi makuru emvura.
Diki-scale hydroelectric tekinoroji Iyo tekinoroji yekushandura kinetic simba mumvura mune mamwe marudzi esimba inzira yakanyatsogadziriswa uye yakashandiswa zvakanaka kwemazana emakore kugadzira magetsi. Nokudaro, yave imwe yenzira huru dzekugadzira magetsi munyika dzakawanda, kunyanya dzimwe nyika dzisina kubudirira muAfrica, Asia neSouth America. Tekinoroji yakatanga padiki uye yakashandira nharaunda dzinoverengeka pedyo nemajenareta, asi sezvo ruzivo rwakakura, rwakagonesa kugadzirwa kwemagetsi makuru uye kutapurirana daro refu. Majenareta makuru emagetsi emvura anoshandisa madhamu akakura anoda kuvakwa kwemadhamu akakosha kuti adzore kuyerera kwemvura, kazhinji zvinoda kushandiswa kwenzvimbo yakakura kuita izvi. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kwave kuri kuwedzera kunetseka pamusoro petapuro yezvinoitika zvakadaro pane zvakatipoteredza uye zvipenyu. Izvi zvinonetsa, pamwe nekudhura kwekufambisa, zvakadzora kufarira mukugadzirwa kwemagetsi madiki emagetsi emvura. Pakutanga, mumatanho ekutanga ekuvandudza tekinoroji iyi, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kwakanga kusiri chinangwa chayo chikuru. Simba reHydraulic rinonyanya kushandiswa kuita basa remuchina kuita mabasa anotarisirwa sekupomba mvura (zvese mvura yemumba nekudiridza), kukuya zviyo uye mashandiro emuchina emabasa emaindasitiri.
Zvigadzirwa zvakakura zvepakati pemagetsi emagetsi zvakaratidza kudhura uye kukanganisa nharaunda, zvichikanganisa kuenzana kwezvipenyu. Chiitiko chinotiudza kuti ivo ndivo vanonyanya kukosha kwemutengo wepamusoro wekutapurirana uye zvinokonzeresa kushandiswa kwakanyanya kwemagetsi. Kunze kweizvozvo, hakuna nzizi chero dzipi muEast Africa dzinogona kutsigira uye zvakatsiga kutsigira michina yakadai, asi kune dzimwe nzizi diki dzinogona kushandiswa kugadzira magetsi madiki. Zviwanikwa izvi zvinofanirwa kushandiswa nemazvo kupa magetsi kudzimba dzakapararira kumaruwa. Kunze kwenzizi, kune dzimwe nzira dzekuwana magetsi kubva kumvura. Semuenzaniso, mvura yegungwa yekupisa simba, simba remvura, simba remafungu uye kunyange geothermal simba zvese zvine mvura-based simba masosi anogona kushandiswa. Kunze kwesimba regeothermal uye simba remagetsi emvura, kushandiswa kwemamwe ese ane chekuita nemagetsi emvura hakuna kuve nekukanganisa kwakakosha pamagetsi epasi rose. Kunyange magetsi emvura, imwe yemagetsi ekare ekugadzirwa kwemagetsi ayo akagadzirwa zvakanaka uye anoshandiswa pamwero mukuru nhasi, anotora chikamu che3% chete chenyika yose yekugadzirwa kwemagetsi. Kugona kwesimba remagetsi emvura sechitubu chesimba kwakakwira muAfrica kupfuura muEastern Europe uye inofananidzwa neiyo yekuNorth America. Asi zvinosuwisa ndezvekuti, kunyangwe kondinendi yeAfrica ichitungamira pasi rose mune simba remagetsi risina kushandiswa, zviuru zvevagari havasati vawana magetsi. Kushandiswa kwesimba remagetsi emvura kunosanganisira kushandura simba ringangove riri mumvura mudura kuita simba remahara rekinetic rekuita basa remuchina. Izvi zvinoreva kuti midziyo inochengeta mvura inofanira kunge iri pamusoro penzvimbo yekushandura simba (senge jenareta). Kuwanda uye kutungamirirwa kwekusununguka kwemvura kunonyanya kudzorwa kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwepombi dzemvura, iyo inotungamirira kuyerera kwemvura kune iyo nzira yekushandura inoitika, nekudaro ichigadzira magetsi. 1
Basa uye kukosha kwemagetsi madiki emagetsi Indasitiri yemagetsi ndiyo inotungamira indasitiri yehupfumi hwenyika. Simba zvakare inyaya iri kunetsa munyika yedu nhasi. Kuiswa kwemagetsi ekumaruwa chinhu chakakosha pakuvandudza kurima kwemazuva ano, uye zviwanikwa zvidiki zvemagetsi zvemvura zverudzi zvakare manyuko akanaka ekupa magetsi ekumaruwa. Kwemakore, nerutsigiro rwematunhu nematunhu, masimba akasiyana akaunganidzwa, kutonga kwemvura uye kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kwakanyatso kubatanidzwa, uye diki-diki rekugadzira magetsi emvura bhizinesi rakawana budiriro yakasimba. zviwanikwa zvidiki zvenyika yangu zvemagetsi emvura zvakapfuma kwazvo. Zvinoenderana neongororo yezviwanikwa zvekumaruwa hydropower (I0MW≤single station yakaiswa capacity≤50MW) yakarongwa nehurumende, huwandu hunogona kuvandudzwa hwezviwanikwa zvekumaruwa hydropower munyika ndeye 128 miriyoni kW, iyo inogadzirika huwandu hwezviwanikwa zvidiki zvehydropower (pamusoro peI0MW) inoongororwa. Rwizi uye 0.5MW≤ imwe chiteshi yakaiswa simba
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-15-2022
