Hydropower inzira yekushandura yakasikwa simba remvura kuita simba remagetsi uchishandisa mainjiniya matanho. Ndiyo nzira huru yekushandisa simba remvura. Zvakanakira kuti haipedzi mafuta, haisvibise nharaunda, simba remvura rinogona kuramba richizadzikiswa nekunaya kwemvura, michina nemagetsi midziyo iri nyore, uye kushanda kuri nyore uye kuri nyore. Nekudaro, iyo yakawanda investimendi yakakura, nguva yekuvaka yakareba, uye dzimwe nguva kumwe kurasikirwa kwemafashama kunokonzerwa. Hydropower inowanzosanganiswa nekudzora mafashama, kudiridza, kutumira, nezvimwe kuitira kushandiswa kwakadzama.
Kune marudzi matatu emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi:
1. Conventional Hydroelectricity
Kureva, dhamu-mhando hydropower, inozivikanwawo sereservoir-type hydropower. Dziva rinoumbwa nekuchengetedza mvura mudhamu, uye simba rayo guru rekubuda rinotariswa nemusiyano pakati pehuwandu hwedhamu uye nzvimbo yekubuda kwemvura uye kureba kwepamusoro pemvura. Musiyano wehurefu uyu unonzi musoro, unonziwo kudonha kana musoro, uye simba ringangove remvura rinoenderana nemusoro.
2. Run-of-the-rwizi hydroelectricity (ROR)
Kureva kuti, stream-flow hydropower, inonziwo run-of-river hydropower, imhando yehydropower inoshandisa simba remvura asi inongoda mvura shoma kana kuti haidi kuchengetedza mvura yakawanda kuti igadzire magetsi. Kuyerera-kuyerera kwe hydroelectricity kunoda kunenge kusina mvura yekuchengetera mvura, kana ingori nzvimbo diki yekuchengetera mvura, inonzi dziva rekugadzirisa kana kumberi kana nzvimbo diki yekuchengetera mvura ichivakwa. Nekuda kwekushaikwa kwenzvimbo dzakakura dzekuchengetera mvura, rwizi-kuyerera kwemagetsi kugadzirwa kunonyanya kunetseka nekushanduka kwemwaka muhuwandu hwemvura inoshandiswa mumatsime emvura, saka kurukova-kuyerera kwemagetsi emagetsi anowanzo kutsanangurwa seanopindirana magetsi masosi. Uye kana dziva rekutonga rakavakwa muChuanliu power plant iro rinogona kugadzirisa kuyerera kwemvura chero nguva, richashandiswa sepeak-shaving power plant kana base-load power plant.
3. Tide simba
Kugadzira simba reTidal kunobva pakukwira nekudonha kwemazinga emvura yemugungwa kunokonzerwa nemafungu. Kazhinji, madhirimu anovakwa kuti achengete magetsi, asi kunewo kushandiswa kwakananga kwekuyerera kwemvura kunogadzirwa nemasaisai kugadzira magetsi. Hapana nzvimbo dzakawanda pasi rose dzakakodzera kugadzirwa kwemagetsi emugungwa, asi sere muUK dzinofungidzirwa kuti dzine mukana wekuzadzisa 20% yemagetsi anodiwa nenyika.
Ehe, iwo marudzi matatu ekugadzira magetsi emagetsi zviteshi zvemagetsi emagetsi, uye kune imwe mhando yechiteshi chemagetsi, Pumped Storage Power Station, iyo inowanzo shandisa yakawandisa magetsi mumagetsi system (mwaka wemafashamo, zororo, kana yakaderera mupata magetsi muhafu yechipiri yehusiku). ), mvura iri mudhamu rezasi inopombirwa kumudziyo wepamusoro wekuchengetedza; kana sisitimu inorema ichikwira, mvura iri mudura repamusoro inoiswa pasi, uye turbine inofambiswa neturbine kugadzira magetsi. Iyo ine basa rehuviri hwekuveura ndebvu uye kuzadza mupata, uye ndiyo yakanyanya kunaka peak shaving magetsi emagetsi system. Uye zvakare, inogona zvakare kudzora frequency, nhanho, voltage uye kushanda se backup, iyo inoita basa rakakosha mukuona yakachengeteka uye yemhando yepamusoro kushanda kwegidhi remagetsi nekuvandudza hupfumi hwehurongwa.
Iyo pumped storage power station pachayo haigadziri magetsi, asi inobata basa mukugadzirisa kupesana pakati pekugadzirwa kwemagetsi uye magetsi mumagetsi emagetsi; ine basa rakakura mukutonga kwepamusoro panguva pfupi-pfupi mitoro yepamusoro; kutanga-up uye kubuda kunoshanduka nokukurumidza, izvo zvinogona kuvimbisa kuvimbika kwemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi uye kugadzirisa girasi remagetsi. simba remhando. Ikozvino haina kuverengerwa se hydropower, asi magetsi ekuchengetedza.
Kubva pari zvino, kune 193 hydropower zviteshi zviri kushanda zvine simba rakaiswa rinopfuura 1,000 MW munyika dzese pasirese, uye 21 dziri kuvakwa. Pakati pazvo, pane 55 hydropower stations ine yakaiswa simba inopfuura 1,000MW iri kushanda muChina, uye 5 iri kuvakwa, iri yekutanga munyika.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-14-2022
