Munguva pfupi yapfuura, Sichuan Province yakaburitsa gwaro rekuti "chiziviso chekukurumidzira pamusoro pekuwedzera huwandu hwemagetsi emabhizinesi eindasitiri nevanhu", ichida kuti vese vanoshandisa magetsi vamire kugadzira kwemazuva matanhatu muchirongwa chekushandisa magetsi zvakarongeka. Nekuda kweizvozvo, makambani akawanda akanyorwa akakanganiswa. Nekuburitswa kwemashoko akati wandei, kugoverwa kwemagetsi muSichuan kwave nyaya inonyanya kutaurwa.
Sekureva kwegwaro rakaburitswa pamwe chete neDhipatimendi rezvehupfumi neruzivo rwehunyanzvi reSichuan Province nekambani yemagetsi yeState Grid Sichuan, nguva yekuganhurirwa kwemagetsi uku inobva na0:00 musi waNyamavhuvhu 15 kusvika na24:00 musi waNyamavhuvhu 20, 2022. Mushure mezvo, makambani akati wandei akanyorwa akaburitsa zviziviso zvakakodzera, achiti akagamuchira zviziviso zvehurumende zvakakodzera uye achabatsirana nekushandiswa kwacho.
Zvichienderana nezviziviso zvemakambani akanyorwa, mhando dzemakambani nemaindasitiri ari muchikamu chemagetsi ari kuganhurirwa kuSichuan pari zvino dzinosanganisira zvinhu zvesilicon, fetereza dzemakemikari, makemikari, mabhatiri, nezvimwewo. Aya ese mabhizinesi anoshandisa simba rakawanda, uye maindasitiri aya ndiwo anonyanya kukonzera kukwira kwemitengo mukukura kwezvinhu zvakawanda munguva pfupi yapfuura. Iye zvino, kambani iyi yave nenguva yakareba ichivharwa, uye kukanganisa kwayo indasitiri kwakakwana kuti ikwezve pfungwa dzevese vari mumakambani aya.
Sichuan idunhu guru muindasitiri yemagetsi ezuva nezuva muChina. Kuwedzera kumabhizinesi emuno eTongwei, Jingke energy netekinoroji yeGCL zvakagadzira nzvimbo dzekugadzira muSichuan. Zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti huwandu hwesimba rinoshandiswa pakugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvesimbi zvezuva nezuva zvesilicon uye tsvimbo dzinodhonza hunobatanidza simba hwakakwira, uye kudziviswa kwesimba kune simba guru pakubatanidza uku kuviri. Kudziviswa kwesimba uku kunoita kuti musika uzvidye mwoyo nezvekuti kusawirirana pakati pekuwanikwa kwemagetsi nezvinodiwa zveindasitiri kuchawedzera here.
Zvichienderana nedata iri, simba rose resimbi silicon muSichuan rinosvika matani 817 000, zvichiita kuti ive 16% yesimba rose renyika. Muna Chikunguru, kugadzirwa kwesimbi silicon muSichuan kwaive matani 65600, zvichiita kuti ive 21% yesimba rose renyika. Parizvino, mutengo wesimbi silicon wave padanho repamusoro. Musi wa10 Nyamavhuvhu, mutengo wepamusoro wekudyara crystal re wakakwira kusvika pa308 000 yuan patani.
Pamusoro pezvinhu zvesilicon nedzimwe indasitiri dzakakanganiswa nemutemo wekudzora simba, electrolytic aruminiyamu, lithium battery, fetereza nedzimwe indasitiri muSichuan Province dzichakanganiswawo.
Kubva muna Chikunguru, magazini yesimba yakaziva kuti mabhizinesi emaindasitiri nemabhizimisi muChengdu nenzvimbo dzakapoteredza aitambura nekugoverwa kwemagetsi. Mumwe munhu aitungamira kambani yekugadzira zvinhu akaudza mutori wenhau weEnergy Magazine kuti: "Tinofanira kutarisira magetsi asingadzoreki zuva nezuva. Chinhu chinotyisa ndechekuti tinongoerekana taudzwa kuti magetsi achadzimwa ipapo ipapo, uye hatina nguva yekugadzirira kudzimwa."
Sichuan inzvimbo yakakura ine simba remagetsi. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti iri munguva yemvura. Sei paine dambudziko guru rekushaikwa kwesimba remagetsi muSichuan?
Kushaikwa kwemvura munguva yemvura ndicho chikonzero chikuru chinoita kuti Sichuan Province iomerwe kuisa mitemo yakasimba yemagetsi gore rino.
Simba remagetsi remvura reChina rine hunhu hwakajeka hwekuti "zhizha rakawanda nenguva yechando yakaoma". Kazhinji, mwaka wemvura muSichuan unobva muna Chikumi kusvika Gumiguru, uye mwaka wemvura unobva muna Zvita kusvika Kubvumbi.
Zvisinei, mamiriro ekunze ezhizha rino haana kujairika.
Kubva pakuona kwekuchengetedzwa kwemvura, kusanaya kwemvura kwegore rino kwakakomba, kuchikanganisa zvakanyanya huwandu hwemvura muRwizi Yangtze. Kubva pakati paChikumi, kunaya kwemvura muRwizi Yangtze kwachinja kubva pakuva kushoma kusvika pakuva kushoma. Pakati pavo, kunaya kwemvura mukupera kwaChikumi kuri pasi pe20%, uye munaChikunguru kuri pasi pe30%. Kunyanya, rwizi rukuru rwezasi rweRwizi Yangtze nePoyang Lake water system rwuri pasi pe50%, inova yakaderera zvikuru munguva imwe chete mumakore gumi apfuura.
Mubvunzurudzo, Zhang Jun, director we hydrology bureau yeYangtze River Commission uye director we water information and forecast center, akati: pari zvino, nekuda kwekushaikwa kwemvura inopinda, kugona kwekuchengetedza mvura kwenzvimbo zhinji dzekudzora dziri kumusoro kweRwizi Yangtze kudiki, uye huwandu hwemvura murwizi rukuru pakati nepazasi peRwizi Yangtze huri kuramba huchiderera, izvo zvakaderera zvakanyanya pane izvo zvakaitika munguva imwe chete munhoroondo. Semuenzaniso, huwandu hwemvura muzviteshi zvikuru zvakaita seHankou neDatong hwakaderera nemamita mashanu kusvika matanhatu. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti mvura muRwizi Yangtze icharamba iri shoma pakati nepakati nepakupera kwaNyamavhuvhu, kunyanya kumaodzanyemba kwepakati nepazasi peRwizi Yangtze.
Musi wa13 Nyamavhuvhu, mvura pachiteshi cheHankou cheRwizi Yangtze muWuhan yaive 17.55m, iyo yakaderera zvakananga kusvika padanho rakaderera munguva imwe chete kubva pakanyorwa nezvemvura.
Mamiriro ekunze akaoma haangogumiri pakudzikira kukuru kwekugadzirwa kwemagetsi emvura, asiwo anowedzera zvakananga mutoro wemagetsi ekutonhodza.
Kubva pakutanga kwezhizha, nekuda kwekupisa kwakanyanya, kudiwa kwesimba rekutonhodza mhepo kwakawedzera. Kutengeswa kwesimba remagetsi reState Grid Sichuan muna Chikunguru kwakasvika 29.087 bhiriyoni kwh, kuwedzera kwe19.79% gore negore, zvichiisa rekodhi itsva yekutengesa magetsi mumwedzi mumwe chete.
Kubva musi wa4 Chikunguru kusvika 16, Sichuan yakasangana nemamiriro ekunze akaipisisa kwenguva refu uye anopisa zvakanyanya asingawanzoonekwi munhoroondo. Kurema kwakanyanya kwegrid yemagetsi yeSichuan kwakasvika 59.1 miriyoni kilowatts, kuwedzera kwe14% kupfuura gore rapfuura. Avhareji yekushandiswa kwemagetsi pazuva kwevagari yakasvika 344 miriyoni kwh, kuwedzera kwe93.3% kupfuura gore rapfuura.
Kune rumwe rutivi, simba remagetsi rakaderera zvikuru, uye kune rumwe rutivi, mutoro wemagetsi unoramba uchikwira. Kusawirirana pakati pesimba remagetsi nekudiwa kuri kuramba kuchishandiswa zvisirizvo uye hakugone kuderedzwa. Izvi zvinozoguma nekuganhurirwa kwesimba remagetsi.
Zvikonzero zvakadzama:
Kupesana kwekutumira uye kushaya kugona kwekutonga
Zvisinei, Sichuan inzvimbo inozivikanwawo sedunhu rinopa magetsi. Pakazosvika Chikumi 2022, grid remagetsi reSichuan rave raunganidza 1.35 trillion kwh yemagetsi kuEast China, Northwest China, North China, pakati peChina, Chongqing neTibet.
Izvi zvinodaro nekuti magetsi ari kutengeswa muSichuan Province akawandisa kana tichitarisa kugadzirwa kwemagetsi. Muna 2021, magetsi ari kutengeswa muSichuan Province achava mabhiriyoni 432.95 kwh, ukuwo simba rinoshandiswa nevanhu vose richava mabhiriyoni 327.48 kwh chete. Kana rikasatumirwa, kucharamba kuchingove nekurasikirwa kwemagetsi emvura muSichuan.
Parizvino, simba rekutumira magetsi muSichuan Province rasvika mamiriyoni makumi matatu nematanhatu emakirowatts, uye kune nzira "ina dzakananga uye sere dzinochinjana".
Zvisinei, kuendeswa kweSichuan Hydropower hakusi kuti “Ndinotanga ndaishandisa, ndozoiendesa pandisingakwanise kuishandisa”, asi ipfungwa yakafanana yekuti “bhadhara paunenge uchienda”. Pane chibvumirano chekuti “ndichatumira riini uye kuti ndotumira marii” mumatunhu anoendeswa magetsi.
Shamwari dziri muSichuan dzinganzwa sedzisina "kururamisira", asi izvi zvinoratidza kukosha kwechibvumirano. Kana pasina kuendeswa kwemagetsi kunze, kuvaka magetsi emvura muSichuan Province kuchava kusina mari yakawanda, uye hakuzovi nenzvimbo dzakawanda dzemagetsi emvura. Iyi ndiyo mari yekuvandudza pasi pehurongwa huripo uye mashandiro.
Zvisinei, kunyangwe pasina magetsi ekunze, kuchine kushomeka kwemagetsi muSichuan, dunhu guru remagetsi anobuda mumvura.
Kune misiyano yemwaka uye kushomeka kwekugona kudzora mvura inoyerera mumagetsi emvura muChina. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chiteshi chemagetsi emvura chinogona kungovimba nehuwandu hwemvura inouya kuti chigadzire magetsi. Kana mwaka wekusanaya kwemvura wechando wasvika, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi echiteshi chemagetsi emvura kunodzikira zvakanyanya. Saka, simba remagetsi emvura muChina rine hunhu hwakajeka hwe "zhizha rakawanda nechando chakaoma". Kazhinji, mwaka wekunaya kwemvura muSichuan unobva muna Chikumi kusvika Gumiguru, uye mwaka wekusanaya kwemvura unobva muna Zvita kusvika Kubvumbi.
Munguva yemvura, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kwakawanda, uye kunyange kuwanikwa kwemagetsi kunopfuura kudiwa, saka kune "mvura yakasiyiwa". Munguva yemvura, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi hakukwani, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuti kuwanikwa kwemagetsi kupfuure kudiwa.
Ehe, Sichuan Province inewo dzimwe nzira dzekudzora mwaka, uye ikozvino inonyanya kudzorwa nekupisa kwemagetsi.
Pakazosvika Gumiguru 2021, simba remagetsi rakaiswa muSichuan Province rakapfuura makirowatts emamiriyoni zana, kusanganisira makirowatts emamiriyoni makumi masere neshanu nemazana mapfumbamwe nemakumi manomwe nemapfumbamwe emamiriyoni emagetsi emagetsi uye makirowatts emagetsi emagetsi asingasviki mamiriyoni makumi maviri. Sekureva kwechirongwa chemakore mashanu cheSichuan energy chegumi nemana, panosvika gore ra2025, simba remagetsi ekupisa richange riri makirowatts emamiriyoni makumi maviri nematatu.
Zvisinei, muna Chikunguru gore rino, simba guru remagetsi eSichuan rakasvika mamiriyoni 59.1 kilowatts. Zviri pachena kuti kana paine dambudziko guru rekuti magetsi emvura haagone kugadzira magetsi mumvura shoma (kunyangwe pasina kufunga nezvekudzikiswa kwemafuta), zvakaoma kutsigira simba remagetsi eSichuan nemagetsi ekupisa chete.
Imwe nzira yekutonga ndeyekudzora simba remagetsi emvura. Chekutanga, nzvimbo yemagetsi emvura inzvimbo ine simba rakasiyana rekuchengetedza simba. Kudzora mvura kwemwaka kunogona kuitwa kuti magetsi apedzwe munguva yekusanaya kwemvura. Zvisinei, nzvimbo dzemagetsi emvura dzinowanzova nesimba shoma rekuchengetedza simba uye simba shoma rekuchengetedza simba. Saka, nzvimbo inotungamira inodiwa.
Dunhu reLongtou rakavakwa pamusoro pechiteshi chemagetsi chiri mubheseni. Simba rekugadzira magetsi rakaiswa diki kana kuti kwete, asi simba rekuchengetedza magetsi rakakura. Nenzira iyi, kudzora kuyerera kwemvura mumwaka kunogona kuitwa.
Zvichienderana nedata rehurumende yedunhu reSichuan, kugona kwemagetsi emudura ane simba remwaka uye kupfuura mutemo kuri pasi pe40% yesimba rese remagetsi emumvura. Kana kushomeka kwemagetsi kwakanyanya muzhizha rino kuchiitika nguva nenguva, kushomeka kwemagetsi munguva yekusanaya kwemvura muchando muSichuan kungave kuri mamiriro ezvinhu akajairika.
Nzira yekudzivirira sei kuganhurirwa kwesimba?
Kune matambudziko akawanda. Chekutanga, dambudziko remagetsi emvura rinoda kusimbisa kuvakwa kwetangi guru uye kuvakwa kwemagetsi anochinjika. Tichifunga nezvezvirambidzo zvekabhoni mune ramangwana, kuvaka chiteshi chemagetsi chinodziya kungave kusiri zano rakanaka.
Tichitarisa ruzivo rweNorway, nyika yeNordic, 90% yesimba rayo rinopihwa nemagetsi emvura, izvo zvinovimbisa kuchengetedzeka nekugadzikana kwesimba remuno, asiwo zvinogona kuburitsa simba rekuchengetedza nharaunda. Chinokosha pakubudirira chiri mukuvakwa kwakanaka kwemusika wemagetsi uye kushanda kwakazara kwesimba rekutonga redhamu pacharo.
Kana dambudziko remwaka risingagone kugadziriswa, kubva pamaonero emusika chaiwo nehupfumi, simba remagetsi rinobuda mumvura rakasiyana nemafashamo uye rakaoma, saka mutengo wemagetsi unofanira kuchinja nekuchinja kwekuwanikwa kwemagetsi nezvinodiwa. Izvi zvichaderedza here kukwezva kweSichuan kumabhizinesi anoshandisa simba rakawanda?
Ehe, izvi hazvigone kutaurwa zvakawanda. Simba remagetsi rinobuda mumvura isimba rakachena uye rinogona kuvandudzwa. Kwete mutengo wemagetsi chete asiwo kukosha kwawo kwegirini kunofanira kufungwa nezvawo. Uyezve, dambudziko remvura yakawanda uye mvura shoma yesimba remagetsi rinogona kugadziriswa mushure mekuvakwa kwedhamu reLongtou. Kunyangwe kana kutengeserana kwemusika kuchikonzera kuchinja kwemutengo wemagetsi, hapazovi nemusiyano mukuru nguva nenguva.
Tinogona here kugadzirisa mitemo yekufambiswa kwesimba rekunze kweSichuan? Pasi pemutemo wekuti "tora kana kubhadhara", kana simba remagetsi rikapinda munguva isina kurongeka, kunyangwe kana boka rinogamuchira simba risingade simba rekunze rakawanda, richafanira kuritora, uye kurasikirwa kuchava zvido zvemakambani ekugadzira simba remagetsi mudunhu iri.
Saka, hapana mutemo wakakwana wakambovapo, kungove wakarurama sezvinobvira. Kana mamiriro ezvinhu ekuti "grid imwe yenyika" chaiyo yakaoma kwenguva pfupi kuzadzisa, nekuda kwemusika wemagetsi akazara wakaringana uye kushomeka kwezviwanikwa zvemagetsi akachena, zvingave zvakakosha kutanga wafunga nezvemuganhu wemusika wematunhu anotumira, uye ipapo vanhu vanotumira vanobata zvakananga nevanhu vanotumira. Nenzira iyi, zvinokwanisika kusangana nezvinodiwa zve "kusava nekushomeka kwemagetsi mumatunhu pamagumo ekutumira magetsi" uye "kutenga magetsi panodiwa mumatunhu pamagumo ekugamuchira magetsi"
Kana paine kusawirirana kukuru pakati pemagetsi anowanikwa uye kudiwa kwawo, kudzikiswa kwemagetsi kwakarongwa pasina mubvunzo kuri nani pane kudzikiswa kwemagetsi kamwe kamwe, izvo zvinodzivirira kurasikirwa kukuru kwehupfumi. Kudzikiswa kwemagetsi hakusi mugumo, asi inzira yekudzivirira tsaona dzemagetsi makuru.
Mumakore maviri apfuura, "kugoverwa kwesimba" kwakangoerekana kwaonekwa zvakanyanya muchinangwa chedu. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti nguva yekugoverwa kwesimba remagetsi nekukurumidza yapfuura. Tichitungamirirwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, tingafanira kutarisana nedambudziko rakaoma rekupa simba uye kudiwa kwaro.
Kutarisana nezvikonzero neushingi uye kugadzirisa matambudziko kuburikidza nekuchinja, hunyanzvi hwetekinoroji nedzimwe nzira ndiyo sarudzo chaiyo yekubvisa zvachose kuganhurirwa kwesimba zvakare.
Nguva yekutumira: Nyamavhuvhu-17-2022
