Nguva pfupi yadarika, Dunhu reSichuan rakaburitsa gwaro "chiziviso chekukurumidzira pakuwedzera huwandu hwemagetsi emaindasitiri uye vanhu", ichida kuti vese vashandisi vemagetsi vamise kugadzirwa kwemazuva matanhatu muhurongwa hwekushandisa simba kwakarongeka. Somugumisiro, nhamba huru yemakambani akanyorwa akabatwa. Nekupihwa kwemacommunique akati wandei, kugoverwa kwemagetsi muSichuan kwave nyaya inopisa.
Maererano negwaro rakabudiswa pamwe chete neDhipatimendi rehupfumi uye ruzivo rwemichina yeSichuan Province uye State Grid Sichuan magetsi emagetsi emagetsi, nguva yekurambidzwa kwemagetsi iyi kubva pa0: 00 musi waAugust 15 kusvika 24:00 musi waAugust 20, 2022. Zvadaro, makambani akawanda akanyorwa akabudisa zviziviso zvakakodzera, achitaura kuti vaizogamuchira zviziviso zvakakodzera nehurumende.
Maererano nezviziviso zvemakambani akanyorwa, marudzi emakambani uye maindasitiri anobatanidzwa mukuderedza simba reSichuan ikozvino anosanganisira silicon zvinhu, kemikari fetiraiza, makemikari, mabhatiri, etc. Aya ese mabhizinesi anoshandisa simba rakawanda, uye maindasitiri aya ndiwo anonyanya kukosha ekukwira kwemitengo mukukwira kwechangobva kuitika muzvinhu zvakawanda. Ikozvino, kambani yakatambura nekuvharika kwenguva refu, uye maitiro ayo paindasitiri zvechokwadi akakwana kukwezva kutarisa kwemapato ese.
Sichuan idunhu rakakura muChina's photovoltaic industry. Kuwedzera kune bhizinesi remuno Tongwei, Jingke simba uye GCL tekinoroji yakamisa mabhesi ekugadzira muSichuan. Zvinofanira kutaurwa kuti simba rekushandisa chiyero che photovoltaic silicon kugadzirwa kwezvinhu uye tsvimbo yekudhonza link yakakwira, uye kurambidzwa kwemagetsi kune simba guru pazvibatanidza zviviri izvi. Iyi denderedzwa yekudzikiswa kwemagetsi inoita kuti musika uzvinetse kuti kusaenzana pakati pekupa uye kudiwa kweiyo iripo maindasitiri cheni kuchawedzera kuwedzera.
Zvinoenderana nedata, huwandu hunoshanda hwesimbi silicon muSichuan ndeye 817000 matani, inoverengera inosvika 16% yehuwandu hwenyika huwandu. Muna Chikunguru, kubuda kwesimbi silicon muSichuan kwaive 65600 matani, inoverengera 21% yehuwandu hwenyika. Parizvino, mutengo wesilicon zvinhu wanga uri padanho repamusoro. Musi waNyamavhuvhu 10, mutengo wepamusoro wekudyisa imwe kristaro wakakwira kusvika pa308000 yuan / ton.
Pamusoro pezvinhu zvesilicon uye mamwe maindasitiri akakanganiswa nemutemo wekudzora magetsi, electrolytic aluminium, lithium bhatiri, fetiraiza uye mamwe maindasitiri muSichuan Province achakanganiswawo.
Pakuvamba muna Chikunguru, magazini yesimba yakadzidza kuti maindasitiri eindasitiri neokutengeserana muChengdu nenzvimbo dzakapoteredza akatambura nokugoverwa kwemagetsi. Mumwe munhu anotarisira bhizimisi rokugadzira zvinhu akaudza mutori wenhau weEnergy Magazine, kuti: “Tinofanira kukarira kugovewa kwemagetsi kusingadzongonyedzwi zuva riri rose.” Chinhu chinotyisa zvikurusa ndechokuti tinoudzwa kamwe kamwe kuti mugove wemagetsi uchadzimwa nokukurumidza, uye hatina nguva yokugadzirira kudzima.
Sichuan idunhu rakakura rinogadzirwa nemagetsi. Zvinonzi, iri mumwaka wemvura. Sei kuine dambudziko rakakura rekurambidzwa kwemagetsi muSichuan?
Kushaikwa kwemvura mumwaka wemvura ndicho chikonzero chikuru chinoita kuti purovhinzi yeSichuan imanikidzirwe kumisa mitemo yakasimba gore rino.
China's hydropower ine hunhu huri pachena hwe "zhizha rakawanda uye yakaoma yechando". Kazhinji, mwaka wemvura muSichuan unobva munaChikumi kusvika Gumiguru, uye mwaka wekuoma unobva muna Zvita kusvika Kubvumbi.
Zvisinei, mamiriro ekunze muzhizha rino haana kujairika zvakanyanya.
Kubva pakuona kwekuchengetedza mvura, kusanaya kwemvura kwegore rino kwakakomba, kuri kukanganisa huwandu hwemvura muYangtze River Basin. Kubva pakati paChikumi, kunaya kwemvura muYangtze River Basin kwakachinja kubva pakuwedzera kuenda kushoma. Pakati pavo, kunaya kwemvura mukupera kwaJune kuri pasi pe20%, uye kuti muna Chikunguru iri pasi pe30%. Kunyanya, rukova rukuru rwekudzika kweRwizi rweYangtze uye Poyang Lake mvura system iri pasi pe50%, inova yakaderera panguva imwe chete mumakore gumi apfuura.
Mubvunzurudzo, Zhang Jun, director weHydrology Bureau yeYangtze River Commission uye director wezvemvura ruzivo uye nzvimbo yekufanotaura, akati: parizvino, nekuda kwekushaikwa kwemvura iri kuuya, huwandu hwekuchengetera mvura hwemazhinji emadziva ekudzora ari kumusoro kweRwizi rweYangtze idiki, uye nhanho yemvura yerwizi rukuru inodzika pakati nepakati peRwizi rwakadzika zvakare. iyo yakaderera zvikuru kupfuura iyo munguva imwe cheteyo munhau. Semuenzaniso, mwero wemvura wezviteshi zvikuru seHankou neDatong wakadzikira 5-6 metres. Zvinofanotaurwa kuti kunaya kwemvura muYangtze River Basin kucharamba kuri kushoma pakati nepakati nekupera kwaNyamavhuvhu, kunyanya kumaodzanyemba kwepakati nepakati peRwizi rweYangtze.
Musi waNyamavhuvhu 13, mwero wemvura paHankou chiteshi cheRwizi rweYangtze muWuhan waive 17.55m, iyo yakanangana neiyo yakaderera kukosha panguva imwe chete kubva kune hydrological zvinyorwa.
Mamiriro ekunze akaoma haangotungamiriri kuderedzwa kwakanyanya mukugadzirwa kwehydropower, asi zvakare kunowedzera zvakananga simba remagetsi rekutonhodza.
Kubva kutanga kwezhizha, nekuda kwekunyanya kupisa kwekushisa, kudiwa kwesimba rekutonhodza mhepo kwakawedzera. Kutengeswa kweState Grid Sichuan simba remagetsi muna July kwakasvika 29.087 bhiriyoni kwh, kuwedzera kwe19.79% gore negore, kuisa rekodhi itsva yekutengesa magetsi mumwedzi mumwe chete.
Kubva munaChikunguru 4 kusvika 16, Sichuan yakasangana nemamiriro ekunze akareba uye makuru-akanyanya kutonhora asingawanzoonekwa munhoroondo. Iyo yakakura mutoro weSichuan magetsi grid yakasvika 59.1 miriyoni kilowatts, kuwedzera kwe14% kupfuura gore rapfuura. Avhareji yemazuva ese magetsi ekushandiswa kwevagari yakasvika 344 miriyoni kwh, kuwedzera kwe93.3% kupfuura gore rapfuura.
Kune rumwe rutivi, simba rekushandisa rakaderedzwa zvikuru, uye kune rumwe rutivi, mutoro wesimba unoramba uchiwedzera. Kusaenzana pakati pekupa kwemagetsi uye kudiwa kunoramba kusiri panzvimbo uye hakugone kudzikiswa. Izvo zvinozoguma nekupera simba.
Zvikonzero zvakadzika:
Kupokana kwekutumira uye kushaikwa kwekugona kutonga
Nekudaro, Sichuan zvakare inzvimbo yechinyakare yekufambisira magetsi. Pakazosvika Chikumi 2022, Sichuan power grid yakaunganidza 1.35 trillion kwh yemagetsi kuEast China, Northwest China, North China, nechepakati China, Chongqing neTibet.
Izvi zvinodaro nekuti magetsi ari mudunhu reSichuan akawandisa maererano nekugadzirwa kwemagetsi. Muna 2021, simba rekugadzirwa kweSichuan Province richava 432.95 bhiriyoni kwh, nepo kushandiswa kwesimba kwevanhu vose kuchave chete 327.48 bhiriyoni kwh. Kana ikasatumirwa kunze, pachave nekuraswa kwemagetsi emvura muSichuan.
Parizvino, simba rekufambisa simba reSichuan Province rasvika 30.6 miriyoni kilowatts, uye kune "ina dzakananga uye sere dzinochinjana" nzira dzekufambisa.
Zvisinei, kuendeswa kweSichuan Hydropower hakusi "Ini ndinoishandisa kutanga, uye ndozoendesa pandisingakwanise kuishandisa", asi mutemo wakafanana we "kubhadhara sezvaunoenda". Pane chibvumirano che "nguva yekutumira uye mangani ekutumira" mumatunhu anoendeswa simba.
Shamwari muSichuan dzinogona kunzwa "dzisina kunaka", asi izvi zvinoratidza kukosha kwechibvumirano. Kana pasina kuendesa kunze, kuvakwa kwemagetsi emvura muSichuan Province kuchave kushomeka, uye hakuzove nemagetsi akawanda kudaro. Iyi ndiyo mari yekusimudzira pasi pehurongwa hwezvino uye michina.
Nekudaro, kunyangwe pasina kutapurirana kwekunze, kuchine kuperevedza kwemwaka wemagetsi muSichuan, dunhu rakakura remagetsi.
Kune misiyano yemwaka uye kushomeka kwekumhanya kwekugadzirisa kugona muhydropower muChina. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chiteshi chemagetsi chinogona kungovimba nehuwandu hwemvura iri kuuya kugadzira magetsi. Kana mwaka wechando uchangosvika, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kwehydropower station kunoderera zvakanyanya. Naizvozvo, simba remvura reChina rine hunhu hwakajeka hwe "zhizha rakawanda uye yakaoma yechando". Kazhinji, mwaka wemvura muSichuan unobva munaChikumi kusvika Gumiguru, uye mwaka wekuoma unobva muna Zvita kusvika Kubvumbi.
Munguva yemvura, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kwakakura, uye kunyange kugovera kunopfuura kudiwa, saka kune "mvura yakasiiwa". Mumwaka wekunaya kwemvura, kugadzirwa kwemagetsi hakuna kukwana, izvo zvinogona kuita kuti pave nekuwedzera kudiwa.
Ehe saizvozvo, Sichuan Province zvakare ine dzimwe mwaka regulation nzira, uye zvino kunyanya kupisa simba regulation.
Pakazosvika Gumiguru 2021, simba rakaiswa reSichuan Province rakapfuura 100 miriyoni kilowatts, kusanganisira 85.9679 miriyoni kilowatts ehydropower uye asingasviki 20 miriyoni kilowatts emagetsi ekupisa. Zvinoenderana nechirongwa chemakore mashanu eSichuan simba, panosvika 2025, simba rekupisa richave rinenge 23 miriyoni kilowatts.
Zvisinei, muna Chikunguru gore rino, simba guru remagetsi reSichuan power grid rakasvika 59.1 mamiriyoni kilowatts. Zviri pachena, kana pane dambudziko rakakomba kuti hydropower haigoni kubudisa magetsi mumvura yakaderera (kunyange pasina kufunga kurambidzwa kwemafuta), zvakaoma kutsigira simba reSichuan nesimba rekupisa chete.
Imwe nzira yemutemo ndeye self regulation yehydropower. Chekutanga pane zvese, iyo hydropower station zvakare dhamu rine akasiyana reservoir masimba. Kutemerwa kwemvura kwemwaka wemwaka kunogona kuitwa kupa magetsi munguva yekusanaya kwemvura. Nekudaro, madhirigi ezviteshi zvemagetsi emvura anowanzo kuve nediki rekuchengetera uye kusakwana kwekutonga. Naizvozvo, dura rinotungamirira rinodiwa.
Iyo Longtou reservoir yakavakirwa pakakwirira kumusoro kwechiteshi chemagetsi mubheseni. Iyo yakaiswa simba rekugadzira simba idiki kana kwete, asi iyo yekuchengetedza yakakura. Nenzira iyi, kutonga kwekuyerera kwemwaka kunogona kuitika.
Zvinoenderana nedata rehurumende yedunhu reSichuan, huwandu hwakaiswa hwezviteshi zvemagetsi emvura ine mwaka uye pamusoro pehutongi husingasviki 40% yehuwandu hwakaiswa huwandu hwemagetsi emagetsi. Kana kushomeka kwakakomba kwesimba muzhizha rino chiri chikonzero chenguva nenguva, kushomeka kwemagetsi mumwaka wakaoma munguva yechando muSichuan inogona kunge iri mamiriro enguva dzose.
Nzira yekudzivirira sei kupera simba?
Pane huwandu hwematambudziko. Chekutanga, dambudziko remwaka wehydropower rinoda kusimbisa kuvakwa kwedhamu rinotungamira uye kuvakwa kwemagetsi anochinjika. Tichifunga nezveramangwana kabhoni constraints, kuvaka chiteshi chemagetsi chinopisa kungasava zano rakanaka.
Ichitaura nezvechiitiko cheNorway, nyika yeNordic, 90% yesimba rayo inopiwa ne hydropower, iyo isingataridzi chete kuchengeteka uye kugadzikana kwesimba repamba, asiwo inogona kuburitsa simba rakasvibirira. Chinokosha chekubudirira chiri mukuvakwa kunonzwisisika kwemusika wemagetsi uye kutamba kwakazara kwesimba rekugadzirisa redhivha pachayo.
Kana dambudziko remwaka risingakwanisi kugadziriswa, kubva pakuona kwemusika wakachena uye hupfumi, hydropower yakasiyana nemafashamo uye yakaoma, saka mutengo wemagetsi unofanirwa kushanduka nekuchinja kwekugovera uye kudiwa. Izvi zvichaderedza kukwezva kweSichuan kumabhizinesi anoshandisa simba rakawanda here?
Chokwadika, izvi hazvigoni kuitwa zvakazara. Hydropower isimba rakachena uye rinogona kuvandudzwa. Kwete chete mutengo wemagetsi asiwo kukosha kwayo kwegirini kunofanirwa kutariswa. Uyezve, dambudziko remvura yakakwira uye yakaderera mvura yehydropower inogona kuvandudzwa mushure mekuvakwa kweLongtou reservoir. Kunyangwe kana kutengeserana kwemusika kuchitungamira kukuchinja kwemutengo wemagetsi, hakuzove nemusiyano wakakura kazhinji.
Tinogona here kudzokorora mitemo yeSichuan yekunze kwekufambisa simba? Pasi pekurambidzwa kwe "kutora kana kubhadhara" mutemo, kana magetsi achipinda munguva yakasununguka, kunyange kana simba rinogamuchira simba risingadi simba rakawanda rekunze, rinofanira kuitora, uye kurasikirwa kuchava zvido zvemabhizimisi ekugadzira magetsi mudunhu.
Naizvozvo, hakuna kumbove nemutemo wakakwana, kungove wakarurama sezvinobvira. Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu ekuti iyo chaiyo "gridi yenyika" iri kunetsa kuziva kwenguva pfupi, nekuda kwemusika wemagetsi wakazara uye kushomeka kwemagetsi egirinhi zviwanikwa, zvingave zvakakosha kutanga tafunga nezve muganhu wemusika wemapurovhinzi ekupedzisira, uyezve izvo zvinogashira musika zvidzidzo zvakanangana nezvinotumira musika zvidzidzo. Nenzira iyi, zvinokwanisika kusangana nezvinodiwa zve "hapana kuperevedza kwemagetsi mumapurovhinzi pakupera kwekufambisa magetsi" uye "kutenga simba pazvinodiwa mumapurovhinzi pakupera kwekugamuchira magetsi"
Panyaya yekusaenzana kwakakomba pakati pekupa kwemagetsi uye kudiwa, kurambidzwa kwemagetsi kwakarongwa kuri nani pane kudzorwa kwemagetsi kamwe kamwe, izvo zvinodzivirira kurasikirwa kukuru kwehupfumi. Kuganhurwa kwesimba hakusi kupera, asi nzira yekudzivirira hombe gidhi remagetsi tsaona.
Mumakore maviri apfuura, "kugoverwa kwemagetsi" kwakangoerekana kwaonekwa zvakanyanya muchiratidzo chedu. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti nguva yekugovanisa yekukurumidza kukura kweindasitiri yemagetsi yapfuura. Tichipesvedzerwa nenhevedzano yezvinhu, tingangofanira kutarisana nedambudziko riri kuramba richioma rekupa magetsi uye kuenzana kwezvinodiwa.
Kutarisana nezvikonzero zvakashinga uye nekugadzirisa matambudziko kuburikidza nekugadzirisa, hunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji uye dzimwe nzira ndiyo sarudzo chaiyo yeku "kubvisa zvachose kudzikiswa kwemagetsi" zvakare.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-17-2022
