Turbine yemvura, ine maturbine eKaplan, Pelton, naFrancis ari iwo anonyanya kushandiswa, muchina mukuru unotenderera unoshanda kushandura simba remagetsi nerinogona kushandiswa kuita magetsi emvura. Aya mavhiri emvura akafanana nevhiri remvura ave achishandiswa kwemakore anopfuura 135 pakugadzira magetsi emaindasitiri, uye munguva pfupi yapfuura kugadzira simba remagetsi emvura.
Maturbine emvura anoshandiswa sei nhasi?
Nhasi uno, simba remagetsi rinogadzirwa nemvura rinopa 16% yemagetsi anoshandiswa pasi rose. Muzana remakore rechi19, maturbine emvura ainyanya kushandiswa pakugadzira magetsi emaindasitiri magrid emagetsi asati apararira. Parizvino, anoshandiswa pakugadzira magetsi uye anogona kuwanikwa mumadhamu kana munzvimbo dzine mvura yakawanda.
Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwesimba remagetsi pasi rose uye zvinhu zvakaita sekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kupera kwemafuta efossil, magetsi emvura ane mukana wekuita shanduko huru semhando yesimba regirini pasi rose. Sezvo kutsvaga kwesimba remagetsi risingakuvadzi nharaunda uye rakachena kuri kuenderera mberi, ma turbine eFrancis anogona kuratidza kuva mhinduro inozivikanwa zvikuru uye iri kushandiswa mumakore anotevera.
Maturbine emvura anogadzira sei magetsi?
Kumanikidzwa kwemvura kunobva mumvura inoyerera zvakasikwa kana kuti yakagadzirwa kunowanikwa senzvimbo yesimba rematurbine emvura. Simba iri rinotorwa roshandurwa kuita simba remagetsi. Chiteshi chemagetsi chinowanzo shandisa dhamu riri parwizi rwunoshanda kuchengetedza mvura. Mvura inozoburitswa zvishoma nezvishoma, ichiyerera neturbine, ichiitenderedza, uye ichitanga kushandisa jenareta rinozogadzira magetsi.
Maturbine emvura akakura sei?
Zvichienderana nemusoro wadzinoshanda pasi padzo, maturbine emvura anogona kupatsanurwa muzvikamu zviviri: high, medium, uye low head. Masisitimu emagetsi emvura ane musoro wakaderera akakura, sezvo turbine yemvura inofanira kunge yakakura kuti iwane kuyerera kwakanyanya ukuwo kumanikidzwa kwemvura kwakaderera kuchiiswa pamashizha. Uye zvakare, masisitimu emagetsi emvura ane musoro wakakwirira haadi denderedzwa rakakura kudaro, sezvo anoshandiswa kushandisa simba kubva kumvura inofamba nekukurumidza.
Chati inotsanangura saizi yezvikamu zvakasiyana zvemagetsi emvura kusanganisira turbine yemvura
Chati inotsanangura saizi yezvikamu zvakasiyana zvemagetsi emvura kusanganisira turbine yemvura
Pazasi, tichatsanangura mienzaniso mishoma yemhando dzakasiyana dzematurbine emvura anoshandiswa pakushandisa kwakasiyana uye kumanikidzwa kwemvura.
Kaplan Turbine (0-60m Pressure Head)
Maturbine aya anozivikanwa sema axial flow reaction turbines, sezvo achichinja kumanikidzwa kwemvura painoyerera nepakati payo. Kaplan turbine yakafanana nepropeller uye ine mablades anogadziriswa kuti awedzere kushanda zvakanaka pahuwandu hwemvura uye kumanikidzwa.
Dhayagiramu yeKaplan turbine
Pelton Turbine (300m-1600m Pressure head)
Turbine yePelton—kana kuti vhiri rePelton—inozivikanwa seturbine yekufema, seimwe inoburitsa simba kubva mumvura inofamba. Turbine iyi yakakodzera kushandiswa nemusoro wakakwirira, sezvo ichida simba rakawanda remvura kuti ishandise simba pamabhaketi akaita sechipunu, uye zvichiita kuti dhisiki itenderere uye igadzire simba.
Turbine yePelton
Francis Turbine (Musoro weKudzvanyirira we60m-300m)
Turbine yemvura yekupedzisira uye inozivikanwa zvikuru, turbine yeFrancis, inoumba 60% yesimba remvura pasi rose. Ichishanda seturbine yeimpact and reaction inoshanda pamedium head, turbine yeFrancis inosanganisa pfungwa dzekuyerera kweaxial neradial. Nekuita izvi, turbine inozadza musiyano uripo pakati peturbine dzepamusoro nedzepasi, ichigadzira dhizaini inoshanda zviri nani, uye ichipa mainjiniya shungu nhasi kuti vawedzere kuivandudza.
Zvakanyanya, turbine yeFrancis inoshanda nemvura ichiyerera nepa spiral casing ichipinda mu (static) guide vanes iyo inodzora kuyerera kwemvura ichienda ku (kufamba) runner blades. Mvura inomanikidza runner kuti itenderere kuburikidza nekukanganisa kwakabatana uye kuita kwemasimba, pakupedzisira ichibuda runner nepachubhu inoburitsa mvura ichienda kune imwe nzvimbo yekunze.
Ndingasarudza Sei Dhizaini yeTurbine yeMvura?
Kusarudza dhizaini yeturbine yakakodzera kunowanzoenderana nechinhu chimwe chete; huwandu hwemusoro uye mwero wekuyerera unowanikwa kwauri. Kana wangoona rudzi rwekumanikidzwa kwemvura kwaunogona kushandisa, unogona kusarudza kana "dhizaini yeturbine yereaction" yakavharwa senge Francis turbine kana dhizaini yakavhurika ye "impulse turbine", senge Pelton turbine iri nani.
Dhayagiramu yeturbine yemvura
Pakupedzisira, unogona kuona kumhanya kunodiwa kwekutenderera kwejenareta yemagetsi yauri kuda.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-15-2022
