Kana kudzoreredzwa kwehupfumi kuchisangana nehosha yeketani yekugovera, nemwaka wekudziya wechando uchiswedera, kudzvanywa kweindasitiri yemagetsi yeEuropean kuri kuwedzera, uye hyperinflation yegasi rechisikigo nemitengo yemagetsi iri kuramba ichinyanya kukosha, uye pane chiratidzo chidiki chekuti mamiriro ezvinhu aya achavandudzwa munguva pfupi.
Mukutarisana nekumanikidzwa, hurumende zhinji dzeEurope dzakatora matanho, kunyanya kuburikidza nekuregererwa kwemitero, kupa mavhocha ekushandisa uye kurwisa kufungidzira kwekutengesa kabhoni.
Nguva yechando haisati yasvika, uye mutengo wegesi uye mutengo wemafuta wasvika pakakwirira
Sezvo mamiriro ekunze ari kuramba achitonhora, mitengo yegasi chaiyo nemagetsi muEurope yave kukwira kuti iwedzere kukwira. Vanamazvikokota vanowanzofanotaura kuti kushomeka kwemagetsi mukondinendi yose yeEurope kuchatowedzera.
Reuters yakashuma kuti kubva muna Nyamavhuvhu, mitengo yegasi yechisikigo yeEurope yakakwira, ichityaira mitengo yemagetsi, marasha emagetsi uye mamwe masimba emagetsi kumusoro. Semucherechedzo wekutengesa gasi rechisikigo kuEurope, mutengo wegasi chaiwo weTTF centre muNetherlands wakakwira kusvika pa175 euros / MWh musi waGunyana 21, zvakapetwa kana kupfuura muna Kurume. Negasi rechisikigo riri kushomeka, mitengo yegasi chaiyo muTTF centre muNetherlands ichiri kukwira.
Kushomeka kwemagetsi uye kukwira kwemitengo yemagetsi hazvichisiri nhau. IInternational Energy Agency yakataura mukutaura kwaSeptember 21 kuti mumavhiki achangopfuura, mitengo yemagetsi muEurope yakakwira kusvika padanho repamusoro mumakore anopfuura gumi uye yakakwira kusvika kupfuura 100 euros / megawatt awa mumisika zhinji.
Mitengo yemagetsi muGermany neFrance yakawedzera ne36% uye 48% zvichiteerana. Mitengo yemagetsi muUK yakakwira kubva pa- £ 147/ MWh kusvika pa- £385/ MWh mumavhiki mashoma. Avhareji mutengo wemagetsi muSpain nePortugal wakasvika 175 euros / MWh, katatu iyo yemwedzi mitanhatu yapfuura.
Italy pari zvino ndiyo imwe yenyika dzeEurope dzine avhareji yepamusoro mutengo wekutengesa magetsi. IItalian energy network uye Environmental Supervision Bureau ichangobva kuburitsa chirevo chekuti kubva muna Gumiguru, kushandiswa kwemagetsi kudzimba dzakajairwa muItaly kunotarisirwa kukwira ne29,8%, uye mari yegesi ichakwira ne14.4%. Kana hurumende ikasapindira kudzora mitengo, mitengo miviri iri pamusoro ichakwira ne45% uye 30% zvichiteerana.
Vasere vagadziri vemagetsi ekutanga muGermany vakasimudza kana kuzivisa kuwedzera kwemitengo, neavhareji yekuwedzera ye3.7%. UFC que choisir, sangano revatengi vekuFrance, yayambirawo kuti mhuri dzinoshandisa kudziyisa magetsi munyika dzichabhadhara mari inosvika zana nemakumi mashanu emadhora gore rino. Mukutanga kwa2022, mitengo yemagetsi muFrance inogonawo kukwira zvakanyanya.
Nekukwira kwemutengo wemagetsi, mutengo wekurarama uye kugadzirwa kwemabhizinesi muEurope wakawedzera zvakanyanya. Reuters yakashuma kuti mabhiri emagetsi evagari akawedzera, uye mabhizimisi emakemikari nefetereza muBritain, Norway nedzimwe nyika akaderedza kana kuti kumisa kugadzira imwe pashure peimwe.
Goldman Sachs akayambira kuti kukwira kwemitengo yemagetsi kuchawedzera njodzi yekudzimwa kwemagetsi munguva ino yechando.
02 Nyika dzeEurope dzinozivisa matanho ekupindura
Kugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu aya, nyika zhinji dzeEurope dziri kutora matanho ekutarisana nazvo.
Sekutaura kwenyanzvi munyaya dzezvehupfumi yekuBritain pamwe neBBC, Spain neBritain ndidzo nyika dziri kunyanya kukanganiswa nekukwira kwemitengo yemagetsi muEurope. MunaGunyana, hurumende yemubatanidzwa inotungamirwa naPedro Sanchez, Mutungamiriri webato reSpanish socialist, yakazivisa akateedzana matanho ane chinangwa chekudzikisa kukwira kwemitengo yemagetsi. Izvi zvinosanganisira kumisa 7% mutero wekugadzira magetsi uye kuderedza kukosha-yakawedzerwa mutero wevamwe vashandisi vemagetsi kubva pa21% kusvika 10% muhafu yechipiri yegore rino. Hurumende yakazivisawo kuderedza kwenguva pfupi mari yakawandisa yakawanikwa nemakambani emagetsi. Hurumende yakataura kuti chinangwa chayo ndechekudzikisa kuchaji kwemagetsi neinopfuura 20% mukupera kwa2021.
Dambudziko remagetsi uye matambudziko ekutengesa akakonzerwa nebrexit zvakanyanya kukanganisa UK. Kubva Nyamavhuvhu, makambani gumi egasi muUK akavhara, zvichikanganisa vatengi vanopfuura mamirioni 1.7. Parizvino, hurumende yeBritain iri kuita musangano wechimbichimbi nevakawanda vevanopa magetsi kuti vakurukure kuti vangabatsira sei vatengesi kugadzirisa matambudziko anokonzerwa nemitengo yakarekodhwa yegasi.
Italy, iyo inowana 40 muzana yesimba rayo kubva kugasi rechisikigo, iri panjodzi yekukwira kwemitengo yegasi. Parizvino, hurumende yashandisa mari inosvika bhiriyoni imwe nemazana maviri emadhora kudzora kukwira kwemitengo yemagetsi edzimba uye yakavimbisa kupa mamwe mabhiriyoni matatu emadhora mumwedzi iri kuuya.
Prime Minister Mario Draghi akati mumwedzi mitatu inotevera, mamwe ekutanga anonzi masystem emitengo achabviswa kubva kune gasi rechisikigo uye magetsi mabhiri. Vaifanira kuwedzera mitero kuti vabatsire neshanduko kune simba rinodzokororwa.
Mutungamiri weFrance Jean Castel akataura muhurukuro yeterevhizheni musi waSeptember 30 kuti hurumende yeFrance ichaita kuti mitengo yegasi yemagetsi nemagetsi isasimuke kusati kwapera kwechando. Pamusoro pezvo, hurumende yeFrance yakataura masvondo maviri apfuura kuti muna Zvita gore rino, imwe "cheki yesimba" ye100 euros pamhuri ichapihwa mhuri dzinenge 5.8 miriyoni dzine mari shoma kuti dzibvise simba rekutenga mhuri.
Non EU Norway ndeimwe yemafuta makuru uye gasi anogadzira muEurope, asi inonyanya kushandiswa kutengesa kunze. Chikamu che1,4% chemagetsi emunyika chinogadzirwa nekupisa mafuta ezvicherwa nemarara, 5,8% nemagetsi emhepo uye 92,9% nemagetsi. Kambani yeNorway equinor energy yakabvuma kubvumidza kuwedzera kwe2 bhiriyoni cubic metres egasi rechisikigo rinotengeswa kunze kwenyika muna 2022 kutsigira kudiwa kuri kukura muEurope neUK.
Nehurumende dzeSpain, Italy nedzimwe nyika dziri kudaidzira kuti dambudziko remagetsi riiswe pahurongwa pamusangano unotevera wevatungamiri veEU, EU iri kuumba nhungamiro pamusoro pematanho ekuderedza ayo Nyika dzenhengo dzinogona kutora dzakazvimirira mukati mechikamu chemitemo yeEU.
Nekudaro, BBC yakati hapana chinoratidza kuti EU ichatora kupindira kukuru uye kwakanangana.
03 zvinhu zvakawanda zvinotungamira kune yakasimba simba rekupa, iro rinogona kusazorodzwa muna 2022
Chii chinoparira chinetso chazvino cheEurope?
Nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti kukwira kwemitengo yemagetsi muEurope kwakakonzera kushushikana pamusoro pekudzima kwemagetsi, kunyanya nekuda kwekusaenzana pakati pemagetsi uye kudiwa. Nekupora zvishoma nezvishoma kwenyika kubva mudenda iri, kugadzirwa mune dzimwe nyika hakuna kupora zvizere, kudiwa kwakasimba, kuwanikwa hakuna kukwana, uye kuwanikwa uye kudiwa hazvina kuenzana, zvichikonzera kushushikana nekudzimwa kwemagetsi.
Kushaikwa kwemagetsi muEurope kunoenderanawo nechimiro chesimba rekupa magetsi. Cao Yuanzheng, sachigaro weBOC International Research Corporation uye muongorori mukuru weChongyang Institute of finance yeRenmin University yeChina, akataura kuti chikamu chemagetsi akachena ekugadzirwa kwemagetsi muEurope chiri kuramba chichiwedzera, asi nekuda kwekusanaya kwemvura uye mamwe mamiriro ekunze anomalies, huwandu hwesimba remhepo uye hydropower kugadzirwa kwakaderera. Kuti vazadzise mukaha, kudiwa kwekugadzira simba rinopisa kwakawedzera. Zvisinei, sezvo simba rakachena muEurope neUnited States richiri mumatambudziko ekuchinja, magetsi emagetsi anopisa anoshandiswa kune emergency peak shaving reserve magetsi ane mashoma, uye simba rekupisa harigoni kugadzirwa munguva pfupi, zvichiita kuti pave negap mumagetsi.
Nyanzvi yezveupfumi yekuBritain yakatiwo simba remhepo rinopa chikamu chimwe mugumi chesimba reEurope, iro rakapetwa kaviri kupfuura nyika dzakaita seBritain. Zvakadaro, kusajeka kwemamiriro ekunze munguva pfupi yapfuura kwakaganhurira simba resimba remhepo muEurope.
Panyaya yegasi rechisikigo, gasi rinowanikwa muEurope gore rino rakadzikirawo kupfuura zvaitarisirwa, uye kuwanikwa kwegasi rakaderera. Nyanzvi yezvehupfumi yakashuma kuti Europe yakasangana nekutonhora uye kwenguva refu yechando gore rapfuura, uye zvigadzirwa zvegasi rechisikigo zvakadzikira, zvingangoita 25% yakaderera pane yenguva refu avhareji yekuchengetedza.
Manyuko makuru maviri eEurope okutenga gasi rinobva kunze kwenyika akatapurwawo. Inenge chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chegasi rechisikigo reEurope rinopihwa neRussia uye chikamu chimwe kubva muzvishanu kubva kuNorway, asi nzira dzese dzekupa dzinokanganiswa. Semuenzaniso, moto pafekitari yekugadzira muSiberia wakaguma nekudzikira kwegasi remusikirwo. Sekureva kweReuters, Norway, yechipiri yakakura gasi mutengesi muEurope, inoganhurwawo nekuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo dzemafuta.
Sesimba guru rekugadzira magetsi muEurope, kupihwa kwegasi rechisikigo hakuna kukwana, uye magetsi anosimbiswa zvakare. Pamusoro pezvo, zvakakanganiswa nemamiriro ekunze akanyanya, simba rinogoneka senge hydropower uye simba remhepo harigone kuiswa pamusoro, zvichikonzera kushomeka kwakanyanya kwemagetsi.
Reuters ongororo inotenda kuti rekodhi kukwira kwemitengo yesimba, kunyanya gasi remusikirwo mitengo, yakaendesa mutengo wemagetsi muEurope kusvika padanho repamusoro kwemakore mazhinji, uye mamiriro ezvinhu aya haagone kurerutswa pakupera kwegore, uye kunyange chimiro chesimba rakasimba rekupa hachizodzikiswa muna 2022.
Bloomberg yakafanotaurawo kuti yakaderera gasi hesitori muEurope, yakaderedzwa gasi pombi yekupinza kunze kwenyika uye kudiwa kwakasimba muAsia zvinoumba kumashure kwekukwira kwemitengo. Nekudzoreredza kwehupfumi munguva yedenda, kudzikiswa kwekugadzirwa mudzimba munyika dzeEurope, kukwikwidza kunotyisa mumusika wepasi rose weLNG, uye kuwedzera kwekudiwa kwemagetsi anopfurwa negasi kunokonzerwa nekudzikira kwemutengo wekabhoni, zvinhu izvi zvinogona kuita kuti gasi rechisikigo rirambe rakasimba muna 2022.
Nguva yekutumira: Oct-13-2021
