China hydropower ali ndi mbiri ya zaka zoposa zana. Malinga ndi deta yofunikira, pofika kumapeto kwa December 2009, mphamvu yoyikapo ya Central China Power Grid yokha inali itafika pa kilowatts 155.827 miliyoni. Ubale pakati pa malo opangira magetsi opangira magetsi amadzi ndi ma gridi amagetsi wasintha kuchokera pakulowetsa ndi kutuluka kwa siteshoni imodzi yomwe imakhudza mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito okhazikika a gridi yamagetsi mpaka pakulowetsa ndi kutuluka kwa gawo limodzi la siteshoni yaying'ono yopangira mphamvu yamadzi, yomwe kwenikweni ilibe mphamvu yayikulu pakugwira ntchito kwa gridi yamagetsi.
M'mbuyomu, ntchito zambiri ndi zofunikira zaukadaulo za malo athu opangira magetsi opangira magetsi zinali zogwiritsa ntchito magetsi. Ntchitozi sizinangowonjezera zovuta za kuwongolera ndi chitetezo cha siteshoni yamagetsi, komanso kuchulukitsa ndalama zogulira zida ndi kasamalidwe, komanso kukulitsa kupanikizika kwa ntchito kwa ogwira ntchito pamasiteshoni ndi oyang'anira. Ndi kulekanitsidwa kwa malo opangira magetsi komanso kufooka kwa ntchito ya malo ang'onoang'ono opangira magetsi opangira magetsi, ntchito zambiri zilibe tanthauzo lenileni ndipo siziyenera kuchitidwa ndi malo ang'onoang'ono opangira magetsi, ndipo zalepheretsa kukwaniritsidwa kwa malo opangira magetsi ang'onoang'ono komanso kuchuluka kwa ndalama m'malo ang'onoang'ono opangira magetsi.
Pambuyo pachimake pa ntchito yomanga masiteshoni akuluakulu opangira mphamvu yamadzi mu 2003, kusintha kwa malo opangira magetsi ang'onoang'ono kudasowanso chifukwa chosowa ndalama. Chifukwa chosowa njira zolumikizirana bwino komanso zotsatsa zamagetsi ang'onoang'ono a hydropower, ndizovuta kumvetsetsa matekinoloje apamwamba ndi malingaliro, zomwe zimabweretsa kuchepa kwa chidziwitso pamakampani onse.
M'zaka khumi zapitazi, malo ena ang'onoang'ono opangira magetsi opangira magetsi opangira madzi komanso opanga adakambilana modzidzimutsa ndikuphunzira za kasamalidwe kaukadaulo ndiukadaulo wa zida zama station ang'onoang'ono opangira magetsi opangira magetsi, kupereka malingaliro abwino ndikupanga zinthu zabwino, zomwe zili ndi mtengo wokwezeka kwambiri. 1. Mphamvu yamagetsi ikalephera, malo opangira magetsi amatha kuganizira zotseka mwachindunji. Ngati pali kutuluka kwamadzi muzitsulo zowongolera, valavu ikhoza kutsekedwa kuti muchepetse kutaya kwa madzi mu ntchito yopanda katundu. 2. Mphamvu yamagetsi ya jenereta ikuwonjezeka kufika ku 0.85-0.95 kuchepetsa ndalama mu jenereta. 3. Zinthu zotchinjiriza za jenereta zimasankhidwa ngati Gulu B kuti muchepetse ndalama mu jenereta. 4. Majenereta omwe ali pansi pa 1250 kilowatts angagwiritse ntchito mayunitsi otsika kuti achepetse ndalama za jenereta ndi zipangizo zamagetsi ndi kuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito ndi kukonza. 5. Chepetsani kuchulukitsa kwachisangalalo. Chepetsani ndalama zogulira zosinthira zosangalatsa komanso zopatsa chidwi. 6. Gwiritsani ntchito gwero lamafuta la owongolera kuthamanga kwambiri kuti mupereke mabuleki ndi ma rotor apamwamba mutatha kuchepetsa kupanikizika. Dongosolo lamafuta ndi makina apakati komanso otsika kwambiri amatha kuthetsedwa. Chepetsani zida zoyendera mafuta ndi gasi. 7. Valve imagwiritsa ntchito njira yopangira magetsi. Chepetsani ndalama zamakina ogwiritsira ntchito ma valve ndikuchepetsa kayendetsedwe ka ma valve. Chepetsani ndalama zoyendetsera ndi kukonza. 8. Malo opangira magetsi othamanga amatengera njira yoyendetsera madzi nthawi zonse. Gwiritsani ntchito bwino madzi. 9. Konzani zida zodzikongoletsera bwino komanso zapamwamba kwambiri. Dziwani ntchito yopanda anthu. 10. Gwiritsani ntchito zida zanzeru zambiri komanso zophatikizika kwambiri kuti muchepetse kasinthidwe ka zida zachiwiri. 11. Limbikitsani lingaliro la kutumidwa kwaulere, ntchito yaulere ndi kukonza kwaulere kwa zida zachiwiri. Lolani ogwira ntchito pamalo opangira magetsi azigwira ntchito moyenera komanso mosangalala. 12. Zindikirani kuyanjana kwa ntchito ndi kukonza siteshoni yamagetsi. Itha kuwongolera mwachangu magwiridwe antchito ndi kasamalidwe kamakampani ang'onoang'ono amagetsi amagetsi. 13. Chigawo chochepa chamagetsi chimagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe otetezera olamulira ophatikizika kuti akwaniritse ntchito yosayendetsedwa. 14. Chigawo chochepa chamagetsi chimatengera mtundu watsopano wa otsika-voltage unit microcomputer mkulu mafuta kuthamanga automatic speed regulator. Itha kupereka zida zodzipangira zokha zogwirira ntchito zopanda munthu. 15. Mayunitsi okhala ndi gawo limodzi la ma kilowatts osakwana 10,000 amatha kukhala ndi njira yosangalalira popanda brushless. Zida zokomera zitha kuphweka ndipo chosinthira chosangalatsa chikhoza kuthetsedwa.
1. The optical fiber water level mita ndi yopanda kanthu, yotsimikizira mphezi komanso yosavuta kuyiyika. Ndi chinthu cholowa m'malo mwa mita ya mulingo wamadzi wa malo ang'onoang'ono opangira mphamvu zamagetsi. 2. The wokometsedwa structural kamangidwe ka otsika mtengo microcomputer mkulu mafuta kuthamanga liwiro kazembe ndi oposa 30% m'munsi kuposa mtundu womwewo wa microcomputer mkulu mafuta kuthamanga liwiro bwanamkubwa wogulitsidwa pamsika pansi pa maziko a zizindikiro zaumisiri zomwezo, ntchito zomwezo ndi zipangizo zomwezo. 3. The microcomputer mkulu mafuta kuthamanga liwiro bwanamkubwa wa otsika-anzanu wagawo lakonzedwa molingana ndi mfundo zaumisiri dziko kwa microcomputer mkulu mafuta kuthamanga liwiro kazembe wopangidwira mayunitsi otsika-anzanu. Mtengo wake ndi: 300–1000 Kg·m mphamvu yoyendetsera liwiro, 30,000 mpaka 42,000 yuan/unit. Chogulitsachi chakhala cholowa m'malo mwa zida zowongolera liwiro zamagawo otsika. Kuchita kwake kwamtengo wapatali ndi chitetezo kudzalowa m'malo mwa bwanamkubwa wothamanga wamagetsi ndi oyendetsa magetsi osiyanasiyana omwe alibe chitetezo cha chitetezo.
4. Kazembe watsopano wamagetsi ang'onoang'ono othamanga kwambiri (mankhwala apadera ofufuza) ndi oyenera kugwira ntchito ndikuwongolera ma hydro-generator osagwirizana ndi gridi. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi gulu lophatikizira lowongolera lagawo lotsika kapena chida chowongolera mwanzeru chagawo lochepetsetsa kuti muzindikire kuyambika kwapamanja, kulumikizana kwa gridi, kuwonjezeka kwa katundu, kuchepetsa katundu, kutsekeka ndi ntchito zina kumbali kapena kutali ndi makina. Woyang'anira liwiro la turbine adadutsa nthawi yachitukuko, makamaka m'zaka makumi awiri zapitazi. Motsogozedwa ndi chitukuko chaukadaulo wamakompyuta, ukadaulo wowongolera zokha komanso ukadaulo wamakono wa hydraulic, wolamulira wothamanga wasintha zofunikira pamapangidwe ndi ntchito. Ndi kuwonjezeka kosalekeza kwa mphamvu ya gridi yamagetsi, mphamvu ya jenereta imodzi ya turbine yafika pa 700,000 kilowatts. Ma gridi akuluakulu amagetsi ndi mayunitsi akuluakulu ali ndi zofunikira zapamwamba komanso zapamwamba za olamulira othamanga, ndipo ukadaulo wa kazembe wothamanga ukukulanso ndikusintha kwakufunika uku. Pafupifupi olamulira onse ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati athamangitsa ma turbine asintha zomwe zili pamwambapa, lingaliro ndi kapangidwe kake. Kuyang'ana mayunitsi pansi pa ma kilowatts masauzande angapo, zonse zomwe zili pamwambapa zikuwoneka ngati zapamwamba kwambiri. Pamagawo akumidzi opangira magetsi opangira magetsi opangira madzi, kapangidwe kake kamakhala kosavuta, kutsika mtengo wogulira, kugwiritsa ntchito, kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kukonza, malinga ngati ntchito ndi kuwongolera kuli kothandiza. Chifukwa zinthu zosavuta zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndikuyendetsedwa ndi aliyense mosasamala kanthu za maphunziro awo. Zida zikalephera, zimakhalanso zosavuta kukonza. 300–1000 Kg·m mphamvu yowongolera liwiro, mtengo wake ndi pafupifupi 20,000 yuan/unit.
5. Low-voltage unit Integrated control panel The low-voltage unit Integrated control panel imapangidwa mwapadera kuti ikhale yamagetsi otsika kwambiri a hydropower. Gulu lowongolera limapangidwa ndi ma jenereta opangira ma jenereta, zida zokomera, zida zowongolera mwanzeru, zida, ndi zina zambiri, zomwe zimazindikira kasinthidwe koyenera ka zida za pulayimale ndi yachiwiri ya jenereta ya hydropower yomwe imayikidwa pagulu limodzi. Chophimbacho chimatenga mawonekedwe otsekedwa kwathunthu ndi chitetezo chapamwamba. Gulu lowongolera limagwira ntchito mokwanira komanso losavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Ndi oyenera otsika-voteji hydropower jenereta akanema ndi mphamvu limodzi zosakwana 1000kW. Zida zonse zayesedwa kwathunthu ndi wopanga ndipo zitha kukhazikitsidwa pambuyo poyika pamalowo, zomwe zimathandizira ntchito yolumikizirana pamodzi ndikuchepetsa mtengo wotumizira ndi kuwongolera ndi kukonza. The otsika-voteji wagawo Integrated kulamulira gulu integrates kulamulira, muyeso, chitetezo jenereta, dongosolo excitation, liwiro kazembe ulamuliro, kulamulira motsatizana, basi quasi-kulunzanitsa, kutentha anayendera, basi chuma mphamvu m'badwo, metering, zida polojekiti, matenda wanzeru, kucheza kutali, chenjezo chitetezo ndi ntchito zina. Dongosololi limathandizira kuyang'anira ndi kuwongolera kwakutali, ndipo kompyuta yakumbuyo imazindikira kuyeza ndi kuwongolera kwakutali (monga kuchuluka kwa madzi a forebay ndi chidziwitso cha magwiridwe antchito, etc.) ndi ntchito zowongolera mayunitsi amagetsi kudzera pamizere yolumikizirana; dongosololi limakhalanso ndi funso la nthawi yeniyeni ya deta, alamu yogwira ntchito yamagetsi ndi osakhala amagetsi kuchuluka kwa malire ndi kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa dziko, funso la zochitika, kupanga malipoti ndi ntchito zina. Chogulitsachi ndi cholowa m'malo mwa chowongolera ndi chitetezo chamagetsi otsika.
6. Low-voltage unit wanzeru chipangizo chipangizo otsika-voteji wagawo zochita zokha kulamulira chipangizo integrates zikuluzikulu khumi ndi ziwiri ntchito monga kulamulira unit, kuwunika basi, kutentha anayendera, liwiro muyeso, basi quasi-synchronization, basi chuma mphamvu m'badwo, chitetezo jenereta, malamulo excitation, liwiro kazembe kulamulira, wanzeru matenda, ndi zina zotero, chitetezo patali, chitetezo pakali pano, chitetezo champhamvu, chitetezo champhamvu, chitetezo champhamvu, chitetezo champhamvu, chitetezo champhamvu, chitetezo champhamvu, chitetezo champhamvu, chitetezo champhamvu, chitetezo champhamvu, chitetezo chamthupi, chitetezo chamthupi, chitetezo chamthupi, chitetezo chamthupi. Kutetezedwa kwamagetsi opitilira muyeso ndi kutsika kwamagetsi, kutetezedwa pafupipafupi, kuteteza maginito, kuchulukirachulukira, chitetezo chothamanga kwambiri, kutetezedwa kwamagetsi kumbuyo, komanso chitetezo chambiri chosagwiritsa ntchito magetsi. 7. Magawo akuluakulu amagetsi otsika ndi kuwonjezeka kosalekeza kwa zomangamanga ndi kasamalidwe ka malo ang'onoang'ono opangira magetsi opangira magetsi komanso kupititsa patsogolo luso lamakono opanga ma jenereta, mphamvu ya unit ya otsika-voltage unit malo opangira magetsi a hydropower m'dziko langa wafika 1,600 kilowatts, ndipo ntchitoyo ndi yabwino. Vuto lotenthetsera lomwe tidadandaula nalo m'mbuyomu lathetsedwa bwino pogwiritsa ntchito mapangidwe, kusankha zinthu komanso kupanga. Yokhala ndi chophimba chophatikizika komanso chowongolera liwiro la microcomputer, imatha kuthamanga yokha popanda kudalira ogwiritsa ntchito apamwamba. Ukadaulo wowongolera ndi kuwongolera wafika pamlingo wanzeru.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-27-2024
