Mphamvu ya Madzi m'Mayiko a Zilumba za Pacific: Momwe Zilili Panopa ndi Zomwe Zikuyembekezeka M'tsogolo

Mayiko ndi Madera a Zilumba za Pacific (PICTs) akuchulukirachulukira akugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa kuti alimbikitse chitetezo cha mphamvu, kuchepetsa kudalira mafuta ochokera kunja, komanso kuthana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo. Pakati pa njira zosiyanasiyana zongowonjezwdwa, mphamvu yamagetsi yamadzi—makamaka mphamvu yamagetsi yaying'ono yamadzi (SHP)—imaonekera chifukwa cha kudalirika kwake komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama moyenera.
Mkhalidwe Watsopano wa Mphamvu ya Madzi
Fiji: Fiji yapita patsogolo kwambiri pakukula kwa magetsi opangidwa ndi madzi. Siteshoni yamagetsi ya Nadarivatu Hydropower, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 2012, ili ndi mphamvu zokwana 41.7 MW ndipo imathandizira kwambiri pakupereka magetsi mdziko muno.

Papua New Guinea (PNG): PNG ili ndi mphamvu ya SHP yokhazikika ya 41 MW, yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 153 MW. Izi zikusonyeza kuti pafupifupi 27% ya mphamvu ya SHP yapangidwa. Dzikoli likugwira ntchito mwakhama pamapulojekiti monga fakitale ya 3 MW ya Ramazon ndi pulojekiti ina ya 10 MW yomwe ikuphunziridwa momwe ingatheke.
Samoa: Mphamvu ya SHP ku Samoa ili pa 15.5 MW, ndipo mphamvu yonse ikuyerekezeredwa kukhala 22 MW. Mphamvu yamadzi nthawi ina inkapereka magetsi opitilira 85% mdziko muno, koma gawoli latsika chifukwa cha kufunikira kwakukulu. Mapulojekiti okonzanso posachedwapa agwirizanitsanso mphamvu ya SHP ya 4.69 MW ku gridi, zomwe zikutsimikiziranso udindo wa mphamvu yamadzi ngati gwero lamphamvu lotsika mtengo.
Zilumba za Solomon: Ndi mphamvu ya SHP yokhazikika ya 361 kW ndi mphamvu ya 11 MW, pafupifupi 3% yokha ndi yomwe yagwiritsidwa ntchito. Dzikoli likupanga mapulojekiti monga chomera chamagetsi cha Beulah cha 30 kW. Chodziwika bwino ndi chakuti, Tina River Hydropower Development Project, yomwe imayambitsa magetsi a 15 MW, ikuchitika ndipo ikuyembekezeka kupereka 65% ya magetsi omwe Honiara ikufuna ikamalizidwa.
Vanuatu: Mphamvu ya SHP yomwe Vanuatu imagwiritsa ntchito ndi 1.3 MW, ndipo mphamvu yake ndi 5.4 MW, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti pafupifupi 24% yapangidwa. Mapulani akukonzekera kumanga malo atsopano 13 opangira magetsi ang'onoang'ono okwana 1.5 MW. Komabe, kuwunika malo kumafuna kuyang'aniridwa kwa zaka zambiri kuti awone momwe mphamvu yamagetsi yamadzi ingathere komanso zoopsa za kusefukira kwa madzi.
Mavuto ndi Mwayi
Ngakhale magetsi ochokera m'madzi amapereka zabwino zambiri, makampani a PICT amakumana ndi mavuto monga ndalama zambiri zoyambira kuyikamo ndalama, mavuto okhudzana ndi kayendetsedwe ka zinthu chifukwa cha malo akutali, komanso kusatetezeka ku kusintha kwa nyengo komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha nyengo. Komabe, pali mwayi wopeza ndalama kuchokera ku mayiko ena, kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo, komanso mgwirizano wa m'madera kuti athetse mavutowa.
Chiyembekezo cha Mtsogolo
Kudzipereka kwa mayiko a Pacific Islands ku mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa n’koonekeratu, ndi zolinga monga kukwaniritsa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa 100% pofika chaka cha 2030. Mphamvu yamagetsi yochokera ku madzi, yokhala ndi kudalirika kwake komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndalama, ili pafupi kutenga gawo lofunika kwambiri pakusinthaku. Kupitiliza kuyika ndalama, kumanga luso, ndi kukonzekera kosatha kudzakhala kofunikira kwambiri kuti tikwaniritse mphamvu yamagetsi yochokera ku madzi m’derali.