Mbiri Yachitukuko ndi Makhalidwe a Turgo Turbine

1. Mbiri Yachitukuko
Turgo turbine ndi mtundu wa turbine wopangidwa mu 1919 ndi kampani ya engineering yaku Britain Gilkes Energy ngati mtundu wowongoka wa turbine ya Pelton. Mapangidwe ake cholinga chake ndi kupititsa patsogolo luso komanso kusinthana ndi mitu yambiri komanso kuchuluka kwamayendedwe.
1919: Gilkes adayambitsa turbine ya Turgo, yotchedwa "Turgo" dera ku Scotland.
Pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1900: Pamene luso la hydropower likupita patsogolo, makina opangira magetsi a Turgo anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale ang'onoang'ono mpaka apakatikati, makamaka pogwiritsira ntchito mitu yapakatikati (mamita 20-300) komanso kuthamanga kwapakati.
Mapulogalamu Amakono: Masiku ano, chifukwa chakuchita bwino kwambiri komanso kusinthasintha, makina opangira magetsi a Turgo akadali chisankho chodziwika bwino pamapulojekiti amagetsi ang'onoang'ono mpaka apakatikati.

2. Zofunika Kwambiri
Turgo turbine imaphatikiza zabwino zina zama turbine a Pelton ndi Francis, ndikupereka izi:
(1) Kapangidwe Kapangidwe
Nozzle ndi Wothamanga: Mofanana ndi turbine ya Pelton, Turgo imagwiritsa ntchito nozzle kuti isinthe madzi othamanga kwambiri kukhala jet yothamanga kwambiri. Komabe, masamba ake othamanga amakhala opindika, kulola madzi kuwagunda mosadukiza ndikutuluka mbali ina, mosiyana ndi kutuluka kwa mbali ziwiri za Pelton.
Kuyenda Pamodzi: Madzi amadutsa mwa wothamanga kamodzi kokha, kuchepetsa kutaya mphamvu ndi kuwongolera bwino.
(2) Mutu Woyenerera ndi Kuyenda Kwamtundu
Mutu wamutu: Nthawi zambiri umagwira ntchito mkati mwa 20-300 m, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kwapakatikati mpaka mitu yapamwamba (pakati pa Pelton ndi Francis turbines).
Kusinthasintha kwa Flow: Kuyenerera bwino kuthamanga kwapakati poyerekeza ndi turbine ya Pelton, popeza mapangidwe ake othamanga amalola kuthamanga kwambiri.
(3) Kuchita Bwino ndi Kuthamanga
Kuchita Bwino Kwambiri: Pansi pazikhalidwe zabwino, kuchita bwino kumatha kufika 85-90%, pafupi ndi ma turbine a Pelton (90% +) koma okhazikika kuposa ma turbine a Francis pansi pa katundu wochepa.
Kuthamanga Kwambiri Kwambiri: Chifukwa cha mphamvu yamadzi oblique, ma turbines a Turgo nthawi zambiri amathamanga kwambiri kuposa ma turbine a Pelton, kuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera kulumikiza mwachindunji popanda kufunikira bokosi la gear.
(4) Kusamalira ndi Mtengo
Kapangidwe Kosavuta: Ndikosavuta kukonza kuposa ma turbine a Francis koma ovuta pang'ono kuposa ma turbine a Pelton.
Zotsika mtengo: Zotsika mtengo kuposa ma turbine a Pelton amagetsi ang'onoang'ono mpaka apakatikati, makamaka apakati.

3. Kuyerekeza ndi Pelton ndi Francis Turbines
Chiwonetsero cha Turgo Turbine Pelton Turbine Francis Turbine
Kutalika kwa Mutu 20–300 m 50–1000+ m 10–400 m
Kuyenda Kukwanira Kuyenda kwapakatikati Kuyenda kochepa Kwambiri Kuyenda kwapakati
Kuchita bwino 85-90% 90%+ 90%+ (koma kumatsika pansi pa katundu wochepa)
Complexity Moderate Simple Complex
Kugwiritsiridwa Ntchito Kofanana Kwamadzi Ang'onoang'ono / apakatikati Hydro Ultra-high-head hydro Large-scale hydro
4. Mapulogalamu
Turgo turbine ndiyoyenera kwambiri:
✅ Zomera zazing'ono mpaka zapakati zopangira mphamvu yamadzi (makamaka zokhala ndi mutu wa 20-300 m)
✅ Mapulogalamu oyendetsa jenereta othamanga kwambiri
✅ Mayendedwe osinthika koma mitu yokhazikika

Chifukwa chakuchita bwino komanso kutsika mtengo, makina opangira magetsi a Turgo amakhalabe yankho lofunikira pamakina amagetsi amagetsi ang'onoang'ono komanso opanda gridi padziko lonse lapansi.