Kuchuluka kwa Ntchito ndi Zochitika za Shaft Extension Tubular Turbines

Shaft Extension Tubular Turbine, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatchedwa "S-type" tubular turbine, ndi ukadaulo wofunikira kwambiri pakupanga mphamvu zamagetsi zotsika. Mosiyana ndi ma bulb turbines komwe jenereta imayikidwa mkati mwa "babu" yoviikidwa m'madzi, kapangidwe ka shaft extension kali ndi turbine shaft yomwe imadutsa mu ngalande yamadzi yokhotakhota kupita ku jenereta yakunja. Kapangidwe kameneka kamapereka ubwino wapadera pankhani yopezeka mosavuta komanso yotsika mtengo pamikhalidwe inayake ya hydraulic.
Kuchuluka kwa Ntchito Zaukadaulo
Kuchuluka kwa ma turbine a tubular extension shaft kumatanthauzidwa makamaka ndi mutu wa hydraulic ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi. Amapangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito pomwe ma turbine achikhalidwe a vertical axial-flow kapena Francis akanakhala osagwira ntchito bwino kapena okwera mtengo kwambiri.
Ma Hydraulic Head Range: Kawirikawiri amakonzedwa bwino kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo otsika kuyambira mamita awiri mpaka 25. Mapangidwe ena apadera amatha kupitirira pang'ono mtunda uwu, koma mphamvu yapamwamba nthawi zambiri imapezeka pakati pa 3m ndi 15m.
Kutha kwa Kuyenda: Ma turbine awa adapangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito yotulutsa madzi ambiri poyerekeza ndi kukula kwawo. Njira yowongoka yodutsa imachepetsa kutayika kwa ma hydraulic, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino kwambiri pamalo omwe madzi ambiri amatuluka komanso otsika.
Kuchuluka kwa Unit: Kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapulojekiti ang'onoang'ono mpaka apakatikati amagetsi opangidwa ndi madzi, ndipo mphamvu ya unit nthawi zambiri imakhala kuyambira 50 kW mpaka 15 MW.
Zochitika Zogwiritsira Ntchito
A. Malo Opangira Mphamvu Oyendera Mitsinje
Chochitika chofala kwambiri cha mayunitsi owonjezera shaft ndi m'mapulojekiti oyenda mumtsinje m'mitsinje yopanda kanthu kapena m'magawo a m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ikuluikulu. Chifukwa mitsinje iyi ili ndi madzi ochepa oima koma okhazikika, kuchuluka kwa madzi ambiri, kapangidwe kopingasa ka turbine yamtundu wa S kumalola kapangidwe kakang'ono ka mphamvu komanso kuchepetsa ndalama zofukula.
B. Mapulojekiti Othirira ndi Kusamalira Madzi
Makina ambiri othirira madzi akuluakulu amakhala ndi madontho akuluakulu (mathithi) pakati pa mapiri osiyanasiyana a ngalande. Ma turbine owonjezera a shaft nthawi zambiri amaikidwa mu "madontho" awa kuti apeze mphamvu zomwe zikanatha kutayika. Kapangidwe kawo kosavuta kamalola kuti aziphatikizidwa mu zomangamanga za ngalande zomwe zilipo popanda kusokoneza kwambiri ntchito zoyang'anira madzi.
C. Kukonzanso ndi Kukonzanso Malo Akale
Mafakitale akale opangira magetsi amadzi omwe poyamba ankagwiritsa ntchito mayunitsi oyenda molunjika kapena ma turbine a Francis okalamba nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi vuto lochepa la magwiridwe antchito. Turbine yowonjezera shaft ndi yoyenera kwambiri pamapulojekiti "okonzanso". Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kosinthasintha, nthawi zambiri imatha kuyikidwa mu ntchito zakale zapakhomo, zomwe zimawonjezera mphamvu zotulutsa komanso kupangitsa kuti jenereta yakunja isawonongeke mtsogolo.
D. Kupanga Mphamvu ya Tidal
M'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja omwe ali ndi mafunde ambiri, ma shaft extension turbines angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'mabwato amadzi. Kutha kwawo kuthana ndi madzi ambiri komanso kuteteza jenereta (yomwe imasungidwa kunja kwa njira yamadzi amchere) kumawapangitsa kukhala chisankho cholimba cha malo okhala m'nyanja poyerekeza ndi mababu omwe ali pansi pa madzi onse.
3. Ubwino Wogwiritsa Ntchito
Kusankhidwa kwa turbine yowonjezera shaft m'mikhalidwe yomwe ili pamwambapa kumayendetsedwa ndi zabwino zingapo zothandiza:
Kusamalira Kosavuta: Popeza jenereta, bokosi la gearbox (ngati n'koyenera), ndi makina osonkhezera zinthu zili kunja kwa njira yamadzi m'malo ouma, kuwunika ndi kukonza nthawi zonse kumakhala kosavuta komanso kotetezeka.
Kuchepetsa Ndalama Zogulira Uinjiniya Wanyumba: Kapangidwe kopingasa kamafunika kufukula pang'ono poyerekeza ndi mayunitsi oimirira, zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri m'madera omwe ali ndi madzi ambiri apansi panthaka kapena miyala yolimba.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Bwino Kwambiri kwa Hydraulic: Njira yosavuta yolowera madzi (yokhala ndi kakhomo kakang'ono kokha kowonjezera shaft) imapangitsa kuti madzi azigwira bwino ntchito komanso kuti azitha kugwira bwino ntchito.

Shaft Extension Tubular Turbine ili ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa. Poyang'ana kwambiri pamtunda wa mamita 2–25, imapereka yankho labwino kwambiri pazachuma posonkhanitsa mphamvu kuchokera ku mitsinje yotsika, njira zothirira, ndi mapulojekiti amakono. Pamene cholinga cha dziko lonse lapansi chikusinthira ku mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa komanso zazing'ono, kugwiritsa ntchito mayunitsi amtundu wa S kukuyembekezeka kukula, kupereka njira yodalirika komanso yokhazikika m'malo mwa ma turbine ovuta kwambiri.