Posachedwapa, mayiko ambiri akweza zolinga zawo zopititsa patsogolo mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa mobwerezabwereza. Ku Ulaya, Italy yakweza cholinga chake chopititsa patsogolo mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa kufika pa 64% pofika chaka cha 2030. Malinga ndi dongosolo la nyengo ndi mphamvu lomwe lasinthidwa kumene ku Italy, pofika chaka cha 2030, cholinga cha Italy chokhazikitsa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa chidzawonjezeka kuchoka pa ma kilowatts 80 miliyoni kufika pa ma kilowatts 131 miliyoni, ndipo mphamvu zoyikapo mphamvu za photovoltaic ndi mphepo zidzafika pa ma kilowatts 79 miliyoni ndi ma kilowatts 28.1 miliyoni motsatana. Portugal yakweza cholinga chake chokhazikitsa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa kufika pa 56% pofika chaka cha 2030. Malinga ndi zomwe boma la Portugal likuyembekezera, cholinga cha dzikolo chokhazikitsa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa chidzawonjezeka kuchoka pa ma kilowatts 27.4 miliyoni kufika pa ma kilowatts 42.8 miliyoni pofika chaka cha 2030. Mphamvu yoyikapo mphamvu za photovoltaic ndi mphepo idzafika pa ma kilowatts 21 miliyoni ndi ma kilowatts 10.4 miliyoni motsatana, ndipo cholinga chokhazikitsa ma cell a electrolytic chidzawonjezeka kufika pa ma kilowatts 5.5 miliyoni. Kukonza mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso ku Portugal kukuyembekezeka kufunikira ndalama zokwana mayuro 75 biliyoni, ndipo ndalama zothandizira makamaka zikuchokera ku mabungwe achinsinsi.
Ku Middle East, United Arab Emirates posachedwapa yalengeza njira yake yatsopano yadziko lonse yamagetsi, yomwe ikukonzekera kuwirikiza kawiri kupanga mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa pofika chaka cha 2030. Munthawi imeneyi, dzikolo lidzayika ndalama zokwana $54.44 biliyoni mu mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa kuti likwaniritse kufunikira kwa mphamvu komwe kukukulirakulira chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa anthu. Njirayi ikuphatikizanso njira yatsopano yadziko lonse yamagetsi a haidrojeni komanso kukhazikitsa netiweki ya malo ochapira magalimoto amagetsi, komanso mfundo zoyendetsera msika wamagalimoto amagetsi.
Ku Asia, boma la Vietnam posachedwapa lavomereza dongosolo lachisanu ndi chitatu la chitukuko cha mphamvu ku Vietnam (PDP8). PDP8 ikuphatikizapo dongosolo la chitukuko cha magetsi ku Vietnam mpaka 2030 ndi chiyembekezo chake mpaka 2050. Ponena za mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa, PDP 8 ikuneneratu kuti gawo la kupanga mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa lidzafika pa 30.9% mpaka 39.2% pofika 2030, ndi 67.5% mpaka 71.5% pofika 2050. Mu Disembala 2022, Vietnam ndi IPG (mamembala a International Partnership Group) adapereka chiganizo chogwirizana pa "Fair Energy Transition Partnership". M'zaka zitatu mpaka zisanu zikubwerazi, Vietnam ilandira osachepera $15.5 biliyoni, zomwe zidzagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthandiza Vietnam kufulumizitsa kusintha kwake kuchoka ku malasha kupita ku mphamvu zoyera. PDP 8 ikupereka lingaliro lakuti ngati "Fair Energy Transition Partnership" ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mokwanira, gawo la kupanga mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ku Vietnam lidzafika pa 47% pofika chaka cha 2030. Unduna wa Zachuma ku Malaysia walengeza zosintha ku zolinga zake zopanga mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa, zomwe cholinga chake ndi kuwerengera pafupifupi 70% ya kapangidwe ka magetsi mdziko lonse pofika chaka cha 2050, pomwe zichotsa zopinga zamalonda zopinga mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa. Cholinga chopanga mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa chomwe chinakhazikitsidwa ndi Malaysia mu 2021 ndikuwerengera 40% ya kapangidwe ka magetsi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa zomwe zakhazikitsidwa mdzikolo zidzawonjezeka kakhumi kuyambira 2023 mpaka 2050. Unduna wa Zachuma ku Malaysia unanena kuti kuti tikwaniritse zolinga zatsopano zachitukuko, ndalama zokwana madola pafupifupi 143 biliyoni aku US ndizofunikira, zomwe zikuphatikizapo zomangamanga za gridi, kuphatikiza makina osungira mphamvu, ndi ndalama zogwirira ntchito zama netiweki.
Kuchokera pamalingaliro apadziko lonse lapansi, mayiko akuwonjezera kuyamikira ndikuwonjezera ndalama zawo m'munda wa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa, ndipo kukula kwachuma m'magawo ena kukuonekera. Mu theka loyamba la chaka chino, Germany idawonjezera ma kilowatts 8 miliyoni a mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi mphepo. Chifukwa cha mphamvu ya mphepo ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa, mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa zimakwaniritsa 52% ya kufunikira kwa magetsi ku Germany. Malinga ndi dongosolo lakale la mphamvu la Germany, pofika chaka cha 2030, 80% ya mphamvu zake zidzachokera ku magwero a mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa monga dzuwa, mphepo, biomass, ndi madzi.
Malinga ndi lipoti laposachedwa la International Energy Agency, kuwonjezeka kwa chithandizo cha mfundo, kukwera kwa mitengo yamafuta, komanso kusamala kwambiri pankhani zachitetezo cha mphamvu zikuyendetsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa mphamvu ya photovoltaic ndi mphepo. Makampani opanga mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa padziko lonse lapansi akuyembekezeka kufulumizitsa chitukuko mu 2023, ndipo mphamvu zatsopano zoyikidwa zikuyembekezeka kuwonjezeka pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu pachaka, pomwe makina opangira mphamvu ya photovoltaic ndi mphepo akukula kwambiri. Mu 2024, mphamvu zonse zoyikidwa padziko lonse lapansi zikuyembekezeka kuwonjezeka kufika pa ma kilowatts 4.5 biliyoni, ndipo kukula kumeneku kukuchitika m'misika yayikulu padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikiza ku Europe, United States, India, ndi China. International Energy Agency ikuneneratu kuti ndalama zokwana $380 biliyoni zapadziko lonse lapansi zidzalowa mu gawo la mphamvu ya dzuwa chaka chino, kupitirira ndalama zomwe zayikidwa mu gawo la mafuta koyamba. Zikuyembekezeka kuti pofika chaka cha 2024, mphamvu zopangira mphamvu ya photovoltaic zidzawirikiza kawiri. Kuphatikiza pa kumanga malo akuluakulu opangira magetsi a photovoltaic m'madera ambiri padziko lonse lapansi, makina opanga magetsi ang'onoang'ono a photovoltaic akuwonetsanso kukula mwachangu. Pankhani ya mphamvu ya mphepo, pamene mapulojekiti amphamvu ya mphepo omwe kale anali atachedwa panthawi ya mliriwu akupitirira, kupanga mphamvu ya mphepo padziko lonse lapansi kudzakwera kwambiri chaka chino, ndi kukula kwa pafupifupi 70% pachaka. Nthawi yomweyo, mtengo wa mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso monga kupanga mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi mphepo ukutsika kwambiri, ndipo mayiko ambiri akuzindikira kuti kupanga mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso sikuti kungopindulitsa kuthetsa kusintha kwa nyengo, komanso kumapereka mayankho ofunikira pothana ndi mavuto a chitetezo cha mphamvu.
Komabe, ziyeneranso kudziwika kuti pali kusiyana kwakukulu pa ndalama zokhazikika pa mphamvu m'maiko osatukuka. Kuyambira pomwe Pangano la Paris lidakhazikitsidwa mu 2015, ndalama zapadziko lonse lapansi pa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa zawonjezeka kawiri pofika chaka cha 2022, koma zambiri zake zimayang'ana kwambiri mayiko otukuka. Pa Julayi 5, Msonkhano wa United Nations pa Zamalonda ndi Chitukuko udatulutsa Lipoti la Zachuma Padziko Lonse la 2023, lomwe lidanena kuti ndalama zokhazikika pa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa padziko lonse lapansi mu 2022 zawonetsa magwiridwe antchito abwino, koma zikufunikabe kuwongoleredwa. Kusiyana kwa ndalama pa zolinga zokhazikika kwafika pa $4 thililiyoni pachaka. Kwa mayiko osatukuka, ndalama zawo pa mphamvu zokhazikika zikutsalira kukula kwa kufunikira. Akuti mayiko osatukuka amafuna ndalama zokwana $1.7 thililiyoni pa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa pachaka, koma zimangopeza $544 biliyoni mu 2022. International Energy Agency idanenanso malingaliro ofanana mu Lipoti la Zachuma Padziko Lonse la 2023, ponena kuti ndalama zokhazikika pa mphamvu zoyera padziko lonse lapansi ndizosalingana, ndipo kusiyana kwakukulu kwa ndalama kumachokera kumisika yatsopano ndi mayiko osatukuka. Ngati mayikowa safulumizitsa kusintha kwawo kukhala mphamvu zoyera, malo amagetsi padziko lonse lapansi adzakumana ndi mipata yatsopano.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-29-2023
