Kodi hydropower ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yopulumutsira magetsi padziko lonse lapansi?

Kodi magetsi opangidwa ndi madzi adzakhala njira yabwino kwambiri yopulumutsira magetsi padziko lonse m'tsogolomu? Ngati tiyamba kuchokera ku mbiri yakale, mudzapeza kuti ziribe kanthu momwe mphamvu zimasinthira, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya hydropower kukukulirakulira padziko lapansi.
Kalekale, anthu ankagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ya madzi kuyendetsa gudumu la madzi ndi kuyendetsa mphero kuti apereke mphamvu zothirira m'nyumba ndi zaulimi. Ndi chitukuko cha kayendedwe ka mafakitale awiri, hydropower wakhala amtengo wapatali. Injini ya nthunzi imapereka mphamvu zochulukirapo kwa anthu, kotero anthu amafunitsitsa kufunafuna mphamvu yamagetsi molondola kwambiri, kuwongolera mwamphamvu komanso kosavuta kwanthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito injini ya nthunzi ndi mphamvu yamagetsi kwalimbikitsa kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ndiukadaulo.
Mu 1831, Ferrari adawulula mfundo yayikulu yamagetsi amagetsi kudzera muzoyeserera zambiri. Gulu la physics lafufuzanso zambiri za ma motors amagetsi. Zaka zonse za m’ma 1800 zinali m’nyengo ya magetsi oipa kwambiri. Pa nthawiyo, ndi anthu ochepa chabe padziko lapansi amene ankatha kugwiritsa ntchito nyale zamagetsi zokwera mtengo. Sizinachitike mpaka wasayansi wina dzina lake William Armstrong ataphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamadzi ndi jenereta pomwe zinthu zinasintha pang'onopang'ono.

Katswiri wa sayansi ya zachikondi ameneyu wagwiritsa ntchito bwino luso lake pa moyo. Paphiri lina kunja kwa Rosberg, adagwiritsa ntchito zabwino za malowa kuti akonzekeretse nyumba yake ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zodabwitsa zamadzi ndi magetsi, kotero kuti moyo wake unali wosavuta. Mwachitsanzo, iye ndi munthu woyamba padziko lapansi kugwiritsa ntchito makina ochapira a hydraulic. Anapanganso kukwera kwa hydraulic kudzera mumadzi ndi magetsi.
Ndi ntchito yake yomwe imatsimikizira dziko lapansi kuti mphamvu yophatikizika ya hydropower sikuti imangosintha kwambiri magwiridwe antchito a mafakitale, komanso ikuyembekezeka kusintha moyo wa anthu ndikupanga mawonekedwe. Mu 1882, Edison adakhazikitsa njira yopangira mphamvu zamagetsi pamadzi, yomwenso ndi malo oyamba kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi opangira mphamvu zamagetsi. Ntchitoyi ikuwonetsanso kuyambika kwa nthawi yamagetsi amadzi kwa anthu onse.
Ngati mphamvu zamagetsi zili moyo wa mayiko ambiri, chitukuko cha hydropower ndiye maziko abwino kwambiri olimbikitsira chitukuko cha dziko kapena dera lililonse. Zambiri za mbiri yakale zikuwonetsa kuti ma projekiti opangira magetsi opangira magetsi atha kubweretsa zotsatira zabwino za momwe nthawi ikuyendera. Chifukwa chake, ma projekiti osiyanasiyana amagetsi amadzi amangidwanso m'magawo osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, Hoover Dam ku United States mu 1931, Vaian Dam ku Italy mu 1959, ndi Three Gorges Dam ku China mu 2006.
Tsopano maiko kapena madera ochulukirapo azindikira kuti sangasiye kupereka mphamvu yamadzi kuti apite patsogolo kwanthawi yayitali. Chifukwa chake, mphamvu ya hydropower iyenera kupitiliza kukhalapo kwa nthawi yayitali. Pambuyo pa zaka za zana la 21, mitengo yamafuta padziko lonse lapansi yakwera pang'onopang'ono. Malo athu okhala ndi chilengedwe akukumana ndi kuipitsa kwakukulu, ndipo chitukuko cha mphamvu yamadzi chingalimbikitse kusintha kwa mphamvu zatsopano.
Kupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamadzi kudzakhala vuto lomwe dziko lililonse lalikulu liyenera kuliganizira. Pamene chitukuko cha mphamvu chimatsegula chiyambi cha nyengo yatsopano, anthu amawoneka kuti aima pa chiyambi chatsopano. Ndani angakhale ndi ubwino m'tsogolo mphamvu woyera kuthamangitsa? Zimadaliranso ngati mayiko padziko lonse lapansi angagwirizanitse mayendedwe omanga, kutenga chitukuko chokhazikika monga cholinga, kugwiritsa ntchito mokwanira ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya madzi pakupanga magetsi, ndikupereka mwayi wambiri pa moyo wa anthu ndi kupanga, kuti akwaniritse zosowa zambiri za anthu.
M'malo mwake, zinthu zamadzi sizingangokhala mphamvu zoyera, komanso kukhala ndi zokongoletsera zapamwamba komanso zokopa alendo. Mwachitsanzo, Gansu Yongxing Silk Road International Travel Service Co., Ltd. yakhala ikuyang'anizana ndi anthu chaka chonse, ikupereka moona mtima ogwiritsa ntchito ntchito zapamwamba kwambiri, kutsatira cholinga chabizinesi kuti apulumuke mwaukadaulo ndi chitukuko mwambiri. Kwa zaka zambiri, takhala tikuwongolera mosalekeza ma network a dziko komanso njira zowongolera zowongoka, ndipo takhala titsogolere pomanga bizinesi yapamwamba kwambiri yokhala ndi chizindikiro chachikulu.