Pofuna kuthandizira kukwaniritsa cholinga cha "carbon peaking, carbon neutralization" ndikumanga dongosolo latsopano la mphamvu, China Southern Power Grid Corporation momveka bwino ikufuna kumanga dongosolo latsopano la mphamvu kudera lakum'mwera ndi 2030 ndikumanganso dongosolo latsopano lamagetsi pofika 2060. Pochita izi, tidzakulitsa molimbika posungirako kupopera. Kukonzekera kuonjezera mphamvu yoyikidwa ya ma kilowatts 6 miliyoni, ma kilowati 15 miliyoni ndi ma kilowatts 15 miliyoni motsatira nthawi ya "Mapulani a Zaka khumi ndi zinayi, khumi ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi". Tidzayesetsa kufikira pafupifupi ma kilowatts 44 miliyoni a mphamvu zosungirako zopopa m'chigawo chakummwera pofika chaka cha 2035, kupangitsa kukhala mtundu watsopano wamagetsi osokoneza mphamvu, cholemetsa cholemetsa ndi chokhazikika cha gridi yamagetsi.
Gwero: Akaunti yovomerezeka ya WeChat "China Energy Media Intelligent Manufacturing"
Wolemba: Peng Yumin, Energy Storage Research Institute of China Southern Power Grid Peak kumeta ndi Frequency Modulation Power Generation Co., Ltd
Mbali zazikulu za dongosolo latsopano la mphamvu
Njira yatsopano yamagetsi imayang'aniridwa ndi mphamvu zoyera, ndipo gawo la mphamvu zatsopano pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zowonjezera lidzapitirira kuwonjezeka, pang'onopang'ono kupanga mawonekedwe a mphamvu zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zatsopano, hydropower, mphamvu ya nyukiliya monga njira yaikulu yopangira mphamvu. Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zinthu zakale kudzachepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono kuti akwaniritse cholinga cha carbon neutral, ndipo mphamvu zotsalira zotsalira za mphamvu zotsalira zidzagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yosungira mphamvu yamagetsi atsopano. Mu dongosolo latsopano la mphamvu, mphamvu zatsopano zidzalumikizidwa ku gridi yamagetsi m'njira yapakati komanso yogawidwa. Pankhani ya chapakati mwayi, chigawo cha kum'mwera amayesetsa kukwaniritsa onshore mphepo mphamvu ya kilowatts oposa 24 miliyoni, m'mphepete mwa nyanja mphepo mphamvu ya kilowatts oposa 20 miliyoni, ndi photovoltaic mwayi wa kilowatts oposa 56 miliyoni pofika 2025. Pankhani ya mwayi anagawira, anagawira magwero mphamvu ndi mphamvu yaing'ono, magwero ang'onoang'ono akhoza kudya magwero ang'onoang'ono, magalasi otsika akhoza kumangidwa m'madera osiyanasiyana.
M'dongosolo latsopano la mphamvu ndi mphamvu zatsopano monga thupi lalikulu, kutulutsa kwenikweni kwa zida zatsopano zopangira mphamvu zamagetsi kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi chilengedwe cha meteorological, chomwe chili ndi zizindikiro zoonekeratu zachisawawa, kusinthasintha komanso kusinthasintha. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri m'malo mwa magetsi, zida zosungiramo mphamvu zapakhomo ndi nyumba yanzeru zimapangitsa kuti wogwiritsa ntchito azitha kuyenda mosiyanasiyana komanso molumikizana, ndipo wogwiritsa ntchito amalowa m'njira yatsopano yomwe imakhala yogula komanso yopanga. Dongosolo latsopano lamphamvu lomwe lili ndi mphamvu zatsopano monga thupi lalikulu limapereka mawonekedwe a "kuwirikiza kawiri" kwa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zatsopano komanso kuchuluka kwa zida zamagetsi zamagetsi. Kuti athane ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu kwa mphamvu zatsopano ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana, ndikofunikira kufananiza mphamvu yoyikapo posungirako ndi sikelo yofananira malinga ndi mphamvu yomwe idayikidwapo komanso kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zatsopano. Pamene kutulutsa kwa mphamvu zatsopano kumakhala kosazolowereka, kusungirako pompopompo kuyenera kukhalabe ndi mphamvu yamagetsi atsopano a gridi momwe mungathere, ndikulepheretsa kusintha kwa magetsi atsopano ku mphamvu yachikhalidwe. Choncho, chitukuko ndi kumanga malo opangira magetsi opopera adzakhala mofulumira komanso mokulirapo.
Mavuto ndi zotsutsana ndi chitukuko chofulumira komanso chachikulu cha kusungirako kupopera
Chitukuko chofulumira komanso chachikulu ndi zomangamanga zabweretsa mavuto a chitetezo, ubwino ndi kuchepa kwa ogwira ntchito. Pofuna kukwaniritsa zofunikira zomangira magetsi atsopano, malo ambiri opangira magetsi opopera amavomerezedwa kuti amange chaka chilichonse. Nthawi yomanga yofunikira yafupikitsidwanso kwambiri kuyambira zaka 8-10 mpaka zaka 4-6. Kukula kofulumira ndi kumanga kwa ntchitoyi kudzabweretsa mavuto a chitetezo, ubwino ndi kuchepa kwa ogwira ntchito.
Pofuna kuthetsa mavuto angapo obwera chifukwa cha chitukuko chofulumira ndi kumanga ntchito, mayunitsi omanga ndi oyang'anira pulojekiti amayenera kuchita kaye kafukufuku waukadaulo ndikuchitapo kanthu pamakina ndi luntha la zomangamanga zamagetsi opopera magetsi. Ukadaulo wa TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) umayambitsidwa pakufukula mapanga ambiri apansi panthaka, ndipo zida za TBM zimapangidwira kuphatikiza mawonekedwe amagetsi osungira magetsi, ndipo dongosolo laukadaulo la zomangamanga limapangidwa. Poona zochitika zosiyanasiyana ntchito monga pofukula, kutumiza, thandizo ndi inverted Chipilala pa ntchito yomanga boma, thandizo chiwembu ntchito kwa ndondomeko yonse ya umakaniko ndi wanzeru yomanga yapangidwa, ndi kafukufuku wachitika pa nkhani monga wanzeru ntchito zida limodzi ndondomeko, zochita zokha ntchito yomanga dongosolo lonse, digitoization wa zipangizo zomangamanga zambiri, unmanned yomanga, kusanthula makina akutali, kusanthula luso lakutali, ndi zina zotero. zida zomangira zamakina ndi zanzeru ndi machitidwe.
Pankhani yamakina ndi luntha la uinjiniya wamakina ndi magetsi, titha kusanthula kufunikira kwa ntchito ndi kuthekera kwa makina ndi luntha kuchokera pakuchepetsa ogwira ntchito, kukonza magwiridwe antchito, kuchepetsa ziwopsezo zantchito, ndi zina zambiri, ndikupanga makina osiyanasiyana opangira uinjiniya wamagetsi ndi zida zomangira luntha ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito makina ndi zida zamagetsi.
Komanso, 3D uinjiniya kamangidwe ndi kayeseleledwe luso angagwiritsidwenso ntchito prefabricate ndi yesezera ena maofesi ndi zida pasadakhale, amene sangathe kumaliza mbali ya ntchito pasadakhale, kufupikitsa nthawi yomanga pa malo, komanso kuchita kuvomereza zinchito ndi kulamulira khalidwe pasadakhale, mogwira kuwongolera khalidwe ndi chitetezo mlingo kasamalidwe.
Kugwira ntchito kwakukulu kwa malo opangira magetsi kumabweretsa vuto la ntchito yodalirika, yanzeru komanso yofunidwa kwambiri. Kugwira ntchito kwakukulu kwa malo opangira magetsi opopera kudzabweretsa mavuto monga kukwera mtengo kwa ntchito ndi kukonza, kuchepa kwa ogwira ntchito, ndi zina zotero. Kuthetsa vuto la kuchepa kwa ogwira ntchito, m'pofunika kuzindikira kasamalidwe kanzeru komanso kozama kwa makina opangira magetsi.
Kupititsa patsogolo kudalirika kwa magwiridwe antchito, potengera kusankha ndi kapangidwe ka zida, akatswiri amayenera kufotokozera mwachidule zomwe zidachitika pakupanga ndikugwiritsa ntchito makina opangira magetsi opopera, kupanga mapangidwe okhathamiritsa, kusankha kwamtundu ndi kafukufuku wofananira pazida zofananira zamafakitale opangira magetsi opopera, ndikusintha mobwereza bwereza malinga ndi kuyitanitsa zida, kukonza zolakwika ndikukonza. Pankhani yopangira zida, malo osungiramo zida zakale akadali ndi matekinoloje ofunikira opanga zida m'manja mwa opanga akunja. Ndikofunikira kuchita kafukufuku wakumaloko pazida "zotsamwitsa" izi, ndikuphatikiza zaka zogwirira ntchito ndikukonza ndi njira zake, kuti apititse patsogolo luso lazogulitsa ndi kudalirika kwa magwiridwe antchito a zida zazikuluzikuluzi. Pankhani yowunika momwe zida zikuyendera, akatswiri akuyenera kupanga mwadongosolo miyezo yowunikira zida zomwe zimayang'aniridwa ndikuwunika momwe zida zikuyendera, kufufuza mozama za njira zowongolera zida, njira zowunika momwe zinthu ziliri komanso njira zowunika zaumoyo kutengera zomwe zili zofunika pachitetezo, kupanga kusanthula mwanzeru komanso chenjezo loyambirira la zida zowunikira pazida zomwe zidachitika, kupeza nthawi yobisika komanso kuopsa kobisika.
Kuti azindikire kasamalidwe kanzeru komanso kozama kwa makina opangira magetsi, amisiri ayenera kuchita kafukufuku pazida zodzitchinjiriza kapena ukadaulo umodzi wofunikira pakuwongolera zida ndi magwiridwe antchito, kuti athe kuzindikira zoyambira zokha ndi kuzimitsa ndi kuwongolera katundu wagawo popanda kulowererapo kwa ogwira ntchito, ndikuzindikira kutsata kwa magwiridwe antchito ndi kutsimikizira kwanzeru kwamitundu yambiri momwe mungathere; Pakuwunika kwa zida, amisiri amatha kuchita kafukufuku waukadaulo pakuwona masomphenya a makina, kuzindikira kwa makina, kuyang'anira maloboti ndi zina, ndikuchita ukadaulo pakuwongolera makina oyendera; Pankhani ya ntchito kwambiri ya siteshoni magetsi, m`pofunika kuchita kafukufuku ndi kuchita pa centralized kuwunika luso la munthu mmodzi ndi zomera angapo kuthetsa bwino vuto la kusowa kwa anthu pa ntchito yobweretsedwa ndi chitukuko cha mpope yosungirako magetsi.
The miniaturization yosungirako kupopera ndi ntchito Integrated wa multi mphamvu complementation kumabwera chifukwa cha kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa chiwerengero chachikulu cha kugawira magwero atsopano mphamvu. Chinthu chochititsa chidwi cha mphamvu yatsopano yamagetsi ndi chakuti pali mphamvu zambiri zazing'ono zatsopano zomwe zimabalalika m'madera osiyanasiyana a gridi, zomwe zimagwira ntchito mumagetsi otsika kwambiri. Kuti kuyamwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito magwero atsopanowa amagawira mphamvu mmene ndingathere ndi bwino kuchepetsa kuchulukana mphamvu gululi lalikulu mphamvu, m'pofunika kumanga anagawira pumped yosungirako mayunitsi pafupi anagawira magwero mphamvu zatsopano kuzindikira kusungirako m'deralo, mowa ndi magwiritsidwe ntchito mphamvu zatsopano kudzera otsika-voltage mphamvu grids. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuthana ndi zovuta za miniaturization ya posungira posungira komanso ntchito yophatikizika ya multi energy complementation.
Ndikoyenera kuti mainjiniya ndi amisiri azichita kafukufuku mwamphamvu pakusankha malo, kupanga ndi kupanga, kuwongolera njira ndikugwiritsa ntchito mitundu ingapo yamagawo osungira magetsi opopera, kuphatikiza mayunitsi ang'onoang'ono osinthika amapope, ntchito yodziyimira payokha ya mapampu ndi ma turbines, ntchito yolumikizirana ya malo ang'onoang'ono amagetsi amagetsi amagetsi ndi malo opopera, etc; Pa nthawi yomweyo, kafukufuku ndi chionetsero cha polojekiti pa Integrated ntchito luso la kupopera posungira ndi mphepo, kuwala ndi hydropower ikuchitika kuti apereke maganizo aluso njira kufufuza mphamvu dzuwa ndi kucheza chuma mu dongosolo latsopano mphamvu.
Vuto laukadaulo la "kutsamwitsa" la magawo osungira omwe amapopa mosinthasintha amasinthidwa kukhala gululi yamphamvu yotanuka. Magawo osungira omwe amapopa othamanga amakhala ndi mawonekedwe oyankha mwachangu kumayendedwe oyambira pafupipafupi, mphamvu yolowera yosinthika pansi pamikhalidwe yogwirira ntchito, ndi gawo lomwe limagwira ntchito pamapindikira abwino, komanso kuyankha kwachangu komanso mphindi yayikulu ya inertia. Kuti bwino athetse randomness ndi kusakhazikika kwa gululi mphamvu, molondola kusintha ndi kuyamwa mphamvu owonjezera kwaiye mphamvu zatsopano pa m'badwo mbali ndi wosuta mbali, ndi bwino kulamulira bwino katundu wa gululi kwambiri zotanuka ndi zokambirana mphamvu gululi, m'pofunika kuonjezera chiwerengero cha mayunitsi variable liwiro mu gululi mphamvu. Komabe, pakali pano, ambiri mwa matekinoloje ofunikira amasinthasintha othamanga madzi kupopera ndi kusungirako mayunitsi akadali m'manja mwa opanga akunja, ndipo vuto la "chok" luso liyenera kuthetsedwa.
Kuti tizindikire kulamulira paokha utekinoloje kiyi pachimake, m`pofunika kuika maganizo kafukufuku zoweta zasayansi ndi mphamvu luso kwambiri kuchita kamangidwe ndi chitukuko cha variable-liwiro jenereta Motors ndi makina opangira mpope, chitukuko cha njira ulamuliro ndi zipangizo kwa AC osinthitsa chisangalalo, chitukuko cha njira kulamulira anagwirizana ndi zipangizo kwa mayunitsi variable-liwiro, njira yoyendetsera kafukufuku wa conversion woyendetsa kafukufuku wa conversion njira zoyendetsera kafukufuku ndondomeko ndi njira zophatikizira zowongolera zamagawo othamanga, Kuzindikira mawonekedwe athunthu akumaloko ndi kupanga ndikuwonetsa ukadaulo wogwiritsa ntchito mayunitsi akulu othamanga.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-09-2022
