Kumanga dongosolo latsopano lamagetsi ndi ntchito yovuta komanso yokhazikika. Iyenera kuganizira za kugwirizana kwa chitetezo cha mphamvu ndi kukhazikika, kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu zatsopano, ndi mtengo wokwanira wa dongosolo panthawi yomweyo. Iyenera kuthana ndi mgwirizano pakati pa kusintha koyera kwa mayunitsi amagetsi otenthetsera, kulowa mwadongosolo kwa mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso monga mphepo ndi mvula, kumanga kulumikizana kwa gridi yamagetsi ndi kuthekera kothandizirana, komanso kugawa koyenera kwa zinthu zosinthika. Kukonzekera kwasayansi kwa njira yomanga dongosolo latsopano la mphamvu ndilo maziko a kukwaniritsa cholinga cha carbon peaking ndi carbon neutralization, komanso ndi malire ndi chitsogozo cha chitukuko cha mabungwe osiyanasiyana mu dongosolo latsopano la mphamvu.
Pofika kumapeto kwa 2021, mphamvu yoyika mphamvu ya malasha ku China idzadutsa ma kilowatts 1.1 biliyoni, zomwe zimawerengera 46.67% ya mphamvu zonse zomwe zimayikidwa ma kilowatts 2.378 biliyoni, ndipo mphamvu yopangidwa ndi mphamvu ya malasha idzakhala maola 5042.6 biliyoni kilowatt, kuwerengera 60.06% ya maola 8.9 biliyoni. Kupsyinjika kwa kuchepetsa umuna ndi kwakukulu, kotero ndikofunikira kuchepetsa mphamvu kuti mutsimikizire chitetezo choperekedwa. Mphamvu yoikidwa ya mphepo ndi mphamvu ya dzuwa ndi ma kilowati 635 miliyoni, zomwe zimangotenga 11.14% ya mphamvu zonse zatekinoloje zomwe zingatheke za ma kilowati 5.7 biliyoni, ndipo mphamvu yopangira magetsi ndi maola 982.8 biliyoni a kilowatt, yomwe imangotenga 11.7% ya mphamvu zonse zopangira magetsi. Mphamvu zoyikapo komanso mphamvu yopangira mphamvu yamphamvu yamphepo ndi dzuwa zili ndi malo akulu oti ziwongolere, ndipo zikuyenera kufulumizitsa kulowa mu gridi yamagetsi. Pali kusowa kwakukulu kwa zida zosinthira machitidwe. Kuthekera kokhazikitsidwa kwa magwero amagetsi osinthika osinthika monga malo osungira madzi opopera ndi magetsi opangidwa ndi gasi amangopanga 6.1% yokha ya mphamvu zonse zomwe zidayikidwa. Makamaka, mphamvu zonse zomwe zimayikidwa zosungirako zopopera ndi 36.39 miliyoni kilowatts, zomwe zimangokhala 1.53% yokha ya mphamvu zonse zomwe zimayikidwa. Khama liyenera kupangidwa kuti chitukuko chifulumire ndi kumanga. Komanso, digito kayeseleledwe luso ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kulosera linanena bungwe mphamvu zatsopano pa mbali yoperekera, kulamulira ndendende ndi kugogoda kuthekera kwa zofuna mbali kasamalidwe, ndi kukulitsa gawo la kusintha kusinthasintha wa seti lalikulu moto jenereta Kupititsa patsogolo luso gululi mphamvu kukhathamiritsa Kugawilidwa kwa chuma mu osiyanasiyana lalikulu kuthana ndi vuto la kusakwanira dongosolo malamulo mphamvu. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, matupi akuluakulu m'dongosololi angapereke ntchito zogwirira ntchito zofanana, monga kukonza kusungirako mphamvu ndikuwonjezera mizere yopangira magetsi mu gridi yamagetsi kungathe kupititsa patsogolo kayendedwe ka magetsi a m'deralo, ndi kukonza zomera zosungirako zopopera zimatha kusintha ma condensers ena. Pamenepa, kakulidwe kogwirizana kwa phunziro lililonse, kugaŵidwa koyenera kwa chuma, ndi kupulumutsa mtengo wachuma, zonse zimadalira kulinganiza kwasayansi ndi koyenera, ndipo ziyenera kugwirizanitsidwa kuchokera kumlingo waukulu ndi utali wa nthawi.
M'nthawi yanthawi yamagetsi ya "gwero lotsatira katundu", kukonzekera kwamagetsi ndi gridi yamagetsi ku China kuli ndi zovuta. Mu nthawi ya mphamvu yatsopano yamagetsi ndi chitukuko chofala cha "gwero, gridi, katundu ndi kusungirako", kufunikira kwa kukonzekera kogwirizana kumakulitsidwanso. Kusungirako pompopompo, monga mphamvu yofunikira yoyera komanso yosinthika mumagetsi, imakhala ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwonetsetsa chitetezo cha gridi yayikulu yamagetsi, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zoyera komanso kukhathamiritsa magwiridwe antchito. Chofunika koposa, tiyenera kulimbikitsa chitsogozo chokonzekera ndikulingalira mokwanira kugwirizana pakati pa chitukuko chathu ndi zomanga za dongosolo latsopano la mphamvu. Chiyambireni mu "Mapulani a Zaka khumi ndi zinayi", boma lapereka motsatizana zikalata monga Medium and Long Term Development Plan for Pumped Storage (2021-2035), Medium and Long-term Development Plan for Hydrogen Energy Industry (2021-2035), ndi Renewable Energy Development Plan ya "Mapulani a Zaka khumi ndi zinayi" (FG45) [245] mpaka 2035, koma iwo alibe 20. "Mapulani a Zaka khumi ndi zinayi" za chitukuko cha mphamvu, chomwe chili chofunikira kwambiri pakukonzekera ndi chitsogozo cha makampani opanga magetsi, sichinatulutsidwe mwalamulo. Alangizidwa kuti dipatimenti yovomerezeka ya dziko iyenera kupereka ndondomeko yanthawi yayitali komanso yayitali yomanga njira yatsopano yopangira mphamvu kuti itsogolere kamangidwe ndi kusintha kwa mapulani ena mumakampani amagetsi, kuti akwaniritse cholinga chokwaniritsa kugawa kwazinthu.
Kukula kwa Synergistic kwa Pumped Storage ndi New Energy Storage
Pofika kumapeto kwa 2021, China idayika ma kilowatts miliyoni 5.7297 miliyoni yosungirako mphamvu zatsopano, kuphatikiza 89,7% ya mabatire a lithiamu ion, 5.9% ya mabatire otsogolera, 3.2% ya mpweya wothinikizidwa ndi 1.2% yamitundu ina. Kuthekera koyikapo posungirako ndi ma kilowatts miliyoni 36.39, kuwirikiza kasanu ndi kamodzi kosungirako mphamvu zatsopano. Kusungirako mphamvu zatsopano ndi kusungirako kupopera ndizofunikira kwambiri pamagetsi atsopano. Makonzedwe ophatikizana mumagetsi amatha kupangitsa kuti pakhale phindu lawo ndikupititsa patsogolo mphamvu yoyendetsera dongosolo. Komabe, pali kusiyana koonekeratu pakati pa ziwirizi muzochita ndi zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito.
Kusungirako mphamvu zatsopano kumatanthawuza matekinoloje atsopano osungira mphamvu kuposa kusungirako kupopera, kuphatikizapo kusungirako magetsi a electrochemical, flywheel, wothinikizidwa mpweya, hydrogen (ammonia) kusungirako mphamvu, etc. Malo ambiri osungiramo magetsi atsopano ali ndi ubwino wa nthawi yochepa yomanga ndi kusankha malo osavuta komanso osinthika, koma chuma chamakono sichiri chabwino. Pakati pawo, sikelo yosungiramo mphamvu zama electrochemical nthawi zambiri imakhala 10 ~ 100 MW, yokhala ndi liwiro la makumi mpaka mazana a ma milliseconds, kachulukidwe kamphamvu kwambiri, komanso kuwongolera bwino. Ndiwoyenera kugawira mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito nsonga yometa, yomwe nthawi zambiri imalumikizidwa ndi netiweki yamagetsi otsika kapena mbali yatsopano yamagetsi, ndipo mwaukadaulo yoyenera kusinthika pafupipafupi komanso kofulumira, monga kusinthasintha kwapafupipafupi komanso kusinthasintha pafupipafupi. Kusungidwa kwamphamvu kwa mpweya kumatenga mpweya ngati sing'anga, yomwe imakhala ndi mphamvu zazikulu, nthawi zambiri zolipiritsa ndi kutulutsa, komanso moyo wautali wautumiki. Komabe, magwiridwe antchito apano ndi ochepa. Kusungirako mphamvu ya mpweya woponderezedwa ndi teknoloji yofanana kwambiri yosungiramo mphamvu yosungiramo mphamvu. Kwa chipululu, gobi, chipululu ndi madera ena komwe sikuli koyenera kukonza zosungirako zopopera, makonzedwe a kusungirako mphamvu ya mpweya woponderezedwa akhoza kugwirizana bwino ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mphamvu zatsopano m'malo akuluakulu, ndi chitukuko chachikulu; Mphamvu ya haidrojeni ndi yofunika kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa mokulira komanso moyenera. Mphamvu zake zazikulu komanso zazitali zosungirako mphamvu zimatha kulimbikitsa kugawika koyenera kwa mphamvu zosasinthika kumadera ndi nyengo. Ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la tsogolo la mphamvu za dziko ndipo liri ndi chiyembekezo chogwiritsa ntchito.
Mosiyana ndi izi, malo opangira magetsi opopera amakhala ndi kukhwima kwaukadaulo, kuchuluka kwakukulu, moyo wautali wautumiki, kudalirika kwakukulu komanso chuma chabwino. Ndioyenera zochitika zokhala ndi nsonga yayikulu yometa nsonga kapena kufunikira kwamphamvu yometa, ndipo amalumikizidwa ndi netiweki yayikulu pamlingo wokwera kwambiri. Poganizira zofunikira za carbon pachimake ndi carbon neutralization ndi chakuti m'mbuyo chitukuko patsogolo ndi m'mbuyo, kuti imathandizira patsogolo chitukuko cha posungira posungira ndi kukwaniritsa zofunika kuwonjezereka mofulumira anaika mphamvu, liwiro la yovomerezeka yomanga malo opopera mphamvu yosungirako magetsi ku China yakhala ikupita patsogolo. Kumanga kokhazikika ndi njira yofunikira yothanirana ndi zovuta ndi zovuta zosiyanasiyana pambuyo poti malo opangira magetsi opopera alowa munyengo yachitukuko, yomanga ndi kupanga. Zimathandizira kufulumizitsa kupita patsogolo kwa zida zopangira ndikuwongolera bwino, kulimbikitsa chitetezo ndi dongosolo la zomangamanga, kupititsa patsogolo luso la kupanga, kugwira ntchito ndi kasamalidwe, ndipo ndi chitsimikizo chofunikira pakukula kwa zosungirako zopopera kupita kumayendedwe owonda.
Panthawi imodzimodziyo, kukula kosiyanasiyana kwa malo osungiramo madzi kumayamikiridwanso pang'onopang'ono. Choyamba, ndondomeko yapakatikati ndi yayitali yosungiramo kupopera ikufuna kulimbikitsa chitukuko chosungirako chopopera chaching'ono ndi chapakati. Zosungirako zazing'ono ndi zazing'ono zopopera zimakhala ndi ubwino wa chuma cha malo olemera, masanjidwe osinthika, kuyandikira pafupi ndi malo onyamula katundu, ndi kusakanikirana kwapafupi ndi mphamvu zatsopano zogawidwa, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pa chitukuko cha kusungirako kupopera. Chachiwiri ndi kufufuza kakulidwe ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka posungira madzi a m’nyanja. Ma gridi olumikizidwa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yayikulu yamkuntho yakunyanja akuyenera kukonzedwa ndi zida zosinthira zosinthika. Malinga ndi Notice on Publishing the Results of the Resource Census of Seawater Pumped Storage Power Plants (GNXN [2017] No. 68) yomwe idatulutsidwa mu 2017, zosungirako zopopera zam'madzi zaku China zimayikidwa makamaka m'madera akunyanja ndi zilumba za zigawo zisanu zam'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi zigawo zitatu zakum'mphepete mwa nyanja. Pomaliza, mphamvu zoyikapo komanso maola ogwiritsira ntchito zimaganiziridwa kuti zonse pamodzi ndi kufunikira kwa kayendetsedwe ka gridi yamagetsi. Ndi kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zatsopano komanso chizolowezi chokhala gwero lalikulu lamagetsi m'tsogolomu, mphamvu zazikulu ndi kusungirako mphamvu kwa nthawi yaitali zidzakhala zofunikira. Pamalo okwerera oyenerera, ziyenera kuganiziridwa moyenera kuti ziwonjezere kuchuluka kwa malo osungira ndikuwonjezera maola ogwiritsira ntchito, ndipo sizikhala ndi zoletsa za zinthu monga index ya mtengo wa unit ndikusiyanitsidwa ndi zomwe zimafunikira dongosolo.
Chifukwa chake, momwe zinthu zilili pano kuti mphamvu yaku China ndiyoperewera kwambiri pazinthu zosinthika, zosungirako zopopera komanso kusungirako mphamvu zatsopano zili ndi chiyembekezo chotukuka. Malinga ndi kusiyana kwa makhalidwe awo luso, pansi pa maziko a kuganizira zonse za zochitika zosiyanasiyana mwayi, pamodzi ndi zosowa zenizeni za dongosolo mphamvu dera, ndi kukakamizidwa ndi chitetezo, bata, mowa woyera mphamvu ndi zinthu zina malire, masanjidwe ogwirizana ayenera kuchitidwa mu mphamvu ndi masanjidwe kukwaniritsa zotsatira mulingo woyenera kwambiri.
Mphamvu ya makina amtengo wamagetsi pakukula kosungirako pompope
Kusungirako pompopompo kumathandizira dongosolo lonse lamagetsi, kuphatikiza magetsi, gridi yamagetsi ndi ogwiritsa ntchito, ndipo maphwando onse amapindula nawo m'njira yopanda mpikisano komanso yosagwirizana. Kuchokera pazachuma, zinthu zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi kusungirako pompopompo ndizopangidwa ndi anthu pamagetsi amagetsi ndipo zimapereka ntchito zapagulu kuti zigwire bwino ntchito yamagetsi.
Asanayambe kukonzanso mphamvu zamagetsi, boma lapereka ndondomeko zowonetseratu kuti kusungirako kupopera kumagwiritsa ntchito gridi yamagetsi, ndipo makamaka kumayendetsedwa ndi mabizinesi ogwiritsira ntchito magetsi mogwirizanitsa kapena kubwereketsa. Panthawiyo, boma lidapanganso mtengo wamagetsi pa gridi ndi mtengo wamagetsi ogulitsa. Chuma chachikulu cha gridi yamagetsi chimachokera pakugula ndi kusiyana kwamitengo yogulitsa. Ndondomeko yomwe ilipo idatanthauzira kuti mtengo wosungirako madzi uyenera kubwezeredwa kuchokera pakugula ndi kusiyana kwamitengo yamagetsi amagetsi, ndikugwirizanitsa njira yowotchera.
Pambuyo pa kusintha kwa mtengo wa magetsi otumizira ndi kugawa, Chidziwitso cha National Development and Reform Commission on Issues Related to Improve the Price Formation Mechanism of Pumped Storage Power Plants (FGJG [2014] No. 1763) inafotokoza momveka bwino kuti mtengo wamagetsi wa magawo awiri unagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mphamvu zosungirako zopopera, zomwe zinatsimikiziridwa molingana ndi mtengo wololeza ndalama zogulira. Mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi ndi kutayika kwa kupopera kwa magetsi opopera magetsi akuphatikizidwa mu akaunti yogwirizana ya mtengo wamagetsi wamagetsi am'deralo (kapena gridi yamagetsi yachigawo) ngati chinthu chosinthira mtengo wamagetsi, koma njira yotumizira ndalama sinawongoledwe. Pambuyo pake, National Development and Reform Commission idapereka zikalata motsatizana mu 2016 ndi 2019, zomwe zikunena kuti ndalama zoyenera zopangira magetsi opopera sizikuphatikizidwa ndi ndalama zololedwa zamabizinesi amagetsi, ndipo mtengo wamagetsi osungira magetsi samaphatikizidwa pamitengo yotumizira ndi kugawa, zomwe zimadulanso njira yosinthira mtengo wamagetsi opopera. Kuonjezera apo, kukula kwa malo osungiramo madzi pa nthawi ya "13th Five Year Plan" kunali kochepa kwambiri kusiyana ndi kuyembekezera chifukwa chosamvetsetsa bwino momwe ntchito yosungiramo madzi imagwirira ntchito panthawiyo ndi phunziro limodzi la ndalama.
Poyang'anizana ndi vutoli, Malingaliro a Bungwe la National Development and Reform Commission pa Kupititsa patsogolo Njira Yopangira Mitengo ya Pumped Storage Energy (FGJG [2021] No. 633) inayambika mu May 2021. Ndondomekoyi yafotokozera mwasayansi ndondomeko yamtengo wamagetsi yamagetsi opopera magetsi. Kumbali imodzi, kuphatikiza ndi cholinga chenicheni chakuti chikhalidwe cha anthu cha mphamvu zopopera zosungirako ndi zamphamvu ndipo mtengo sungathe kubwezeredwa kudzera mumagetsi, njira yopangira mitengo yamtengo wapatali inagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsimikizira mtengo wa mphamvu ndikubwezeretsanso kudzera pamtengo wotumizira ndi kugawa; Kumbali inayi, kuphatikiza ndi liwiro la kusintha kwa msika wamagetsi, msika wamagawo wamtengo wamagetsi ukufufuzidwa. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa ndondomekoyi kwalimbikitsa kwambiri kufunitsitsa kwa ndalama za maphunziro a anthu, kuyika maziko olimba a chitukuko chofulumira cha kusungirako kupopera. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, kuchuluka kwa ntchito zosungirako zopopera zomwe zikugwira ntchito, zomwe zikumangidwa komanso kukwezedwa zafika pa kilowatts miliyoni 130. Ngati ma projekiti onse omwe akumangidwa ndi kukwezedwa ayamba kugwira ntchito isanafike 2030, izi ndizokwera kuposa zomwe timayembekezera "ma kilowatts miliyoni 120 adzakhazikitsidwa pofika chaka cha 2030" mu pulani yapakatikati ndi yayitali yachitukuko cha Pumped Storage (2021-2035). mtengo wogwiritsa ntchito ndi waukulu ndipo ulibe njira yogawa ndi kufalitsa Pankhani iyi, posintha mphamvu, chifukwa cha zinthu zomwe zili ndi mphamvu zolimba pagulu monga posungirako, chithandizo cha mfundo ndi chitsogozo ndizofunikira kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti chitukuko chamakampani chikukula mwachangu. ya makampani osungiramo madzi.
Kusintha kwa mbali yoperekera mphamvu kuchokera ku mphamvu yachilengedwe kupita ku mphamvu zongowonjezera nthawi ndi nthawi kumatsimikizira kuti mtengo waukulu wamitengo yamagetsi umasintha kuchoka pamtengo wamafuta oyambira kupita kumtengo wa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ndi kuwongolera kosinthika kwa zomangamanga. Chifukwa cha zovuta ndi chikhalidwe cha nthawi yaitali ya kusinthika, kukhazikitsidwa ndondomeko kukhazikitsidwa kwa dongosolo malasha ofotokoza mphamvu yopanga malasha ndi mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa zochokera dongosolo latsopano mphamvu adzakhala coexist kwa nthawi yaitali, zomwe zimafuna kuti tipitirize kulimbikitsa cholinga nyengo ya mpweya peaking ndi carbon neutralization. Kumayambiriro kwa kusintha kwa mphamvu, zomangamanga zomwe zathandiza kwambiri kulimbikitsa kusintha kwa mphamvu zoyera ziyenera kuyendetsedwa ndi ndondomeko ndikuyendetsedwa ndi msika, Kuchepetsa kusokoneza ndi kuwongolera kolakwika kwa phindu lalikulu lofuna phindu pa njira yonse, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti njira yoyenera yosinthira mphamvu yaukhondo ndi yotsika kaboni.
Ndi chitukuko chonse cha mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ndikukhala wopereka mphamvu pang'onopang'ono, kumanga msika wamagetsi waku China kumakhalanso kuwongolera komanso kukhwima mosalekeza. Zida zowongolera zosinthika zidzakhala zofunikira kwambiri mu dongosolo latsopano lamagetsi, ndipo kuperekedwa kwa zosungirako zopopera ndi kusungirako mphamvu zatsopano kudzakhala kokwanira. Panthawi imeneyo, kumangidwa kwa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa ndi zowongolera zosinthika zidzayendetsedwa makamaka ndi mphamvu za msika, Njira yamtengo wapatali yosungiramo kupopera ndi mabungwe ena akuluakulu adzawonetsadi mgwirizano pakati pa kugulitsa msika ndi kufunikira, kusonyeza mpikisano wathunthu.
Kumvetsetsa bwino momwe kuchepetsa mpweya wa kaboni posungirako kumapopa
Malo opangira magetsi opopa ali ndi mwayi wopulumutsa mphamvu komanso kuchepetsa utsi. M'dongosolo lamphamvu lamagetsi, gawo la kusungirako kupopera pakusunga mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa umuna umawonetsedwa makamaka m'magawo awiri. Choyamba ndi m'malo mphamvu matenthedwe mu dongosolo kwa nsonga katundu malamulo, kutulutsa mphamvu pa katundu pachimake, kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha oyambitsa ndi shutdown wa mayunitsi matenthedwe mphamvu kwa nsonga katundu malamulo, ndi kupopera madzi pa katundu otsika, kuti kuchepetsa kuthamanga katundu osiyanasiyana mayunitsi mphamvu matenthedwe, motero kusewera udindo wa kusunga mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa umuna. Chachiwiri ndikutenga gawo la chitetezo ndi chithandizo chokhazikika monga kusinthasintha kwafupipafupi, kusinthasintha kwa gawo, malo ozungulira ndi malo osungiramodzidzidzi, ndi kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa magetsi a magetsi amtundu uliwonse m'dongosolo pamene m'malo mwa magetsi otenthetsera malo osungiramodzidzidzi, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito malasha a magetsi otentha ndikukwaniritsa udindo wosunga mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa utsi.
Pomanga dongosolo latsopano la mphamvu, mphamvu yopulumutsa mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa umuna wosungirako popopera imasonyeza makhalidwe atsopano pa maziko omwe alipo. Kumbali imodzi, idzatenga gawo lalikulu pakumeta kwambiri kuti zithandizire kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu kwamphamvu kwa mphepo ndi magetsi ena atsopano, zomwe zidzabweretse phindu lalikulu la kuchepetsa umuna ku dongosolo lonse; Kumbali inayi, idzagwira ntchito yotetezeka komanso yokhazikika yothandizira monga kusinthasintha kwafupipafupi, kusinthasintha kwa gawo ndi mayendedwe ozungulira kuti athandize dongosololi kuthana ndi mavuto monga kusakhazikika kwa mphamvu zatsopano ndi kusowa kwa inertia chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zida zamagetsi zamagetsi, kupititsa patsogolo kulowetsedwa kwa mphamvu zatsopano mu mphamvu yamagetsi, kuti achepetse mpweya wotuluka chifukwa cha kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi. Zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kufunikira kwa kayendetsedwe ka mphamvu kumaphatikizapo mawonekedwe a katundu, kuchuluka kwa kulumikizana kwa gridi yamagetsi atsopano ndi kutumizira mphamvu kunja kwa dera. Pomanga dongosolo latsopano lamagetsi, kukhudzidwa kwa kugwirizana kwa gridi yamagetsi atsopano pakufunika kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka mphamvu kumadutsa pang'onopang'ono makhalidwe a katundu, ndipo ntchito yochepetsera mpweya wa carbon posungira posungira mu njirayi idzakhala yofunika kwambiri.
China ili ndi nthawi yochepa komanso ntchito yolemetsa kuti ikwaniritse nsonga ya kaboni komanso kusasunthika kwa kaboni. Bungwe la National Development and Reform Commission linapereka Ndondomeko Yopititsa patsogolo Kuwongolera Kwapawiri kwa Mphamvu Zogwiritsira Ntchito Mphamvu ndi Ndalama Zonse (FGHZ [2021] No. 1310) kuti apereke zizindikiro zoyendetsera mpweya kumadera onse a dziko kuti azitha kuyendetsa bwino mphamvu zamagetsi. Chifukwa chake, mutu womwe ungathe kutengapo gawo pakuchepetsa utsi uyenera kuwunikiridwa bwino ndikupatsidwa chisamaliro choyenera. Komabe, pakadali pano, phindu lochepetsera mpweya wa kaboni pakusungirako pompopompo silinazindikiridwe molondola. Choyamba, mayunitsi okhudzidwa alibe maziko akhazikitsidwe monga carbon methodology mu kasamalidwe mphamvu posungira amapopera, ndipo chachiwiri, mfundo zinchito za posungira popopera m'madera ena a anthu kunja kwa makampani mphamvu akadali sanamvetse bwino, zikubweretsa panopa kuwerengera mpweya mpweya wa ena mpweya mpweya oyendetsa malonda malonda amapopedwa yosungirako mphamvu zomera malinga ndi malangizo kwa ogwira ntchito (unit) carbon dioxide umuna ndi kuwerengera ndi kutulutsa pampu ndi malipoti onse. malo opangira magetsi osungiramo magetsi asanduka "gawo lotulutsa makiyi", zomwe zimabweretsa zovuta zambiri pakugwira ntchito kwanthawi zonse kwa malo opangira magetsi opopera, komanso kumayambitsa kusamvetsetsana kwakukulu kwa anthu.
M'kupita kwanthawi, kuti timvetsetse bwino momwe kuchepetsa mpweya wa kaboni pakusungirako ndikuwongola mphamvu yake yogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu, ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa njira yoyenera kuphatikiza ndi phindu lonse lochepetsera mpweya wa carbon posungira pamakina amagetsi, kuwerengera phindu lochepetsera mpweya wa carbon posungirako, ndikupanga njira yothanirana ndi kuchuluka kosakwanira mkati, komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kugulitsa kunja kwa kaboni. Komabe, chifukwa cha kuyambika kosadziwika bwino kwa CCER komanso kuchepa kwa 5% pakuchepetsa mpweya, palinso kusatsimikizika pakukula kwa njira. Kutengera momwe zinthu ziliri pano, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti kusinthika kokwanira kumatengedwa momveka bwino ngati chizindikiritso chachikulu chakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zonse komanso zolinga zosungira mphamvu zamafakitale opangira mphamvu zopopera pamlingo wa dziko, kuti achepetse zopinga pakukula kwabwino kwa posungirako mtsogolo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-29-2022
