Malinga ndi Malamulo Oletsa Kuzizira kwa Ma Hydraulic Structures, konkire ya F400 iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazigawo za nyumba zomwe ndi zofunika, zozizira kwambiri komanso zovuta kukonza m'malo ozizira kwambiri (konkireyo iyenera kupirira kuzungulira kwa kuzizira kwa 400). Malinga ndi izi, konkire ya F400 iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa face slab ndi toe slab pamwamba pa madzi akufa a damu la pamwamba la reservoir face rockfill la Huanggou Pumped Storage Power Station, malo osinthasintha kwa madzi a reservoir inlet ndi outlet ya pamwamba, malo osinthasintha kwa madzi a reservoir inlet ndi outlet ya pansi ndi zina. Izi zisanachitike, panalibe chitsanzo chogwiritsa ntchito konkire ya F400 m'makampani opanga magetsi amadzi am'nyumba. Pofuna kukonza konkire ya F400, gulu lomanga linafufuza mabungwe ofufuza m'nyumba ndi opanga zinthu zosakaniza konkire m'njira zambiri, linapatsa makampani aluso ntchito yofufuza yapadera, linakonza konkire ya F400 powonjezera utsi wa silica, chothandizira mpweya, chothandizira kuchepetsa madzi ndi zinthu zina, ndipo linagwiritsa ntchito pomanga Huanggou Pumped Storage Power Station.
Kuphatikiza apo, m'malo ozizira kwambiri, ngati simenti yomwe yakumana ndi madzi ili ndi ming'alu yaying'ono, madziwo amalowa m'ming'alu m'nyengo yozizira. Ndi kuzizira kosalekeza, simentiyo idzawonongeka pang'onopang'ono. Simenti yoyang'ana pa damu lalikulu la malo osungiramo magetsi opompedwa imagwira ntchito yoteteza madzi kuti asalowe komanso kuti asatuluke. Ngati pali ming'alu yambiri, chitetezo cha damucho chidzachepa kwambiri. Gulu lomanga la Huanggou Pumped Storage Power Station lapanga mtundu wa simenti yosasweka - kuwonjezera chowonjezera ndi ulusi wa polypropylene posakaniza simenti kuti achepetse ming'alu ya simenti ndikuwonjezera kukana kwa chisanu kwa simenti yosompedwa.
Nanga bwanji ngati pali ming'alu pankhope ya simenti ya damu? Gulu lomanga lakhazikitsanso mzere woteteza chisanu pamwamba pa bolodi - pogwiritsa ntchito polyurea yokwapulidwa ndi manja ngati chophimba choteteza. Polyurea yokwapulidwa ndi manja imatha kudula kukhudzana kwa simenti ndi madzi, kuchepetsa kukula kwa kuwonongeka kwa simenti yokwapulidwa ndi kusungunuka, komanso kupewa zosakaniza zina zoopsa m'madzi kuti zisawonongeke ndi simenti. Ili ndi ntchito yoteteza madzi, yoletsa kukalamba, yoteteza kusungunuka ndi kuzizira, ndi zina zotero.
Chidebe cha simenti chomwe chimayikidwa pa thanthwe la konkire sichimapangidwa nthawi imodzi, koma chimapangidwa m'magawo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale cholumikizira pakati pa gawo lililonse la panelo. Njira yodziwika bwino yochepetsera madzi ndikuphimba mbale yophimba ya rabara pa cholumikiziracho ndikuchikonza ndi mabotolo okulitsa. M'nyengo yozizira m'malo ozizira kwambiri, malo osungiramo madzi amakhudzidwa ndi icing yokhuthala, ndipo gawo lowonekera la botolo lokulitsa lidzazizira pamodzi ndi ayezi kuti liwononge ayezi. Huanggou Pumped Storage Power Station mwanzeru imagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka mtundu wa zokutira kopanikizika, komwe kamathetsa vuto la zolumikizira zomangidwa zomwe zawonongeka ndi kuchotsedwa kwa ayezi. Pa Disembala 20, 2021, gawo loyamba la Huanggou Pumped Storage Power Station lidzayamba kugwira ntchito popanga magetsi. Ntchito yozizira yatsimikizira kuti mtundu uwu wa kapangidwe ungalepheretse kuwonongeka kwa zolumikizira zomangidwa zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kukoka ayezi kapena kutulutsidwa kwa chisanu.
Pofuna kumaliza ntchito yomanga pulojekitiyi mwachangu, gulu lomanga linayesa kugwira ntchito yomanga m'nyengo yozizira. Ngakhale kuti palibe kuthekera komanga m'nyengo yozizira panja, nyumba yamagetsi yapansi panthaka, ngalande yonyamulira madzi ndi nyumba zina za malo osungira magetsi opompedwa zimakwiriridwa pansi panthaka ndipo zimakhala ndi mikhalidwe yomangira. Koma kodi mungathire bwanji konkire m'nyengo yozizira? Gulu lomanga liyenera kukhazikitsa zitseko zotetezera kutentha m'malo onse olumikizira mapanga apansi panthaka ndi akunja, ndikuyika mafani a mpweya wotentha wa 35kW mkati mwa zitseko; Dongosolo losakaniza konkire limatsekedwa kwathunthu, ndipo malo otenthetsera amakhala mkati. Musanasakanize, tsukani dongosolo losakaniza konkire ndi madzi otentha; Werengani kuchuluka kwa zinthu zosakaniza zosalala ndi zazing'ono m'nyengo yozizira malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zosakaniza konkire zomwe zimafunika kuti zithiridwe m'nyengo yozizira, ndikuzinyamula kupita nazo ku ngalande kuti zisungidwe m'nyengo yozizira isanafike. Gulu lomanga limatenthetsanso zinthu zosakaniza zisanasakanizidwe, ndikuyika "zovala zophimbidwa ndi thonje" pamagalimoto onse osakaniza omwe amanyamula konkire kuti atsimikizire kuti kutentha kumasungidwa panthawi yonyamula konkire; Pambuyo poyika koyamba kutsanulira konkire, pamwamba pa konkire payenera kuphimbidwa ndi bulangeti loteteza kutentha ndipo, ngati kuli kofunikira, kuphimbidwa ndi bulangeti lamagetsi lotenthetsera. Mwanjira imeneyi, gulu lomanga linachepetsa kuzizira komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha nyengo yozizira pa ntchito yomanga.
Kuonetsetsa kuti malo osungira magetsi opopa madzi akugwira ntchito bwino m'madera ozizira kwambiri
Pamene malo osungira magetsi opompedwa akupompa madzi kapena kupanga magetsi, kuchuluka kwa madzi m'malo osungira madzi apamwamba ndi apansi kumasintha nthawi zonse. M'nyengo yozizira, pamene malo osungira magetsi opompedwa akugwira ntchito tsiku lililonse, ayezi woyandama amapangidwa pakati pa malo osungira madzi, ndipo mphete ya ayezi wophwanyika idzapangidwa kunja. Chivundikiro cha ayezi sichidzakhudza kwambiri ntchito ya malo osungira magetsi opompedwa, koma ngati makina amagetsi sakufuna kuti malo osungira magetsi opompedwa agwire ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, malo osungira madzi apamwamba ndi apansi akhoza kuzizira. Pakadali pano, ngakhale kuti pali madzi okwanira m'malo osungira madzi a malo osungira madzi, madzi sangathe kuyenda chifukwa cholephera kulumikizana ndi mlengalenga, ndipo kugwira ntchito mokakamiza kudzabweretsa zoopsa zachitetezo ku nyumba zoperekera madzi ndi zida ndi malo ogwirira ntchito.
Gulu lomanga linachita kafukufuku wapadera pa momwe magetsi osungira magetsi amagwirira ntchito m'nyengo yozizira. Kafukufukuyu akusonyeza kuti ntchito yotumiza magetsi ndiyo njira yotetezera magetsi osungira magetsi m'nyengo yozizira. M'nyengo yozizira, chipangizo chimodzi chimapanga magetsi kapena madzi kwa maola opitilira 8 tsiku lililonse, zomwe zingalepheretse dziwe kupanga ayezi wokwanira; Ngati kutumizira magetsi pa gridi yamagetsi sikukwaniritsa zomwe zili pamwambapa, njira zopewera ayezi ndi kuswa ayezi ziyenera kutengedwa.
Pakadali pano, pali njira zitatu zazikulu zothanirana ndi ayezi ndi kuswa kwa ayezi m'malo osungiramo madzi ndi zitsime za zipata za malo osungiramo magetsi opopa: kuswa kwa ayezi wopangidwa, kutsika kwa mpweya woipa, ndi kuswa kwa ayezi wothira madzi pogwiritsa ntchito pampu yamadzi.
Mtengo wa njira yopangira madzi ophwanyira ayezi ndi wotsika, koma nthawi yogwirira ntchito ya ogwira ntchito ndi yayitali, chiopsezo chake ndi chachikulu, ndipo ngozi zachitetezo n'zosavuta kuchitika. Njira yokwera mpweya wopanikizika ndikugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wopanikizika womwe umatulutsidwa ndi compressor ya mpweya m'madzi akuya kuti utulutse madzi ofunda amphamvu, omwe amatha kusungunula ayezi ndikuletsa kupangika kwa ayezi watsopano. Huanggou Pumped Storage Power Station imagwiritsa ntchito njira yothira madzi ndi kuswa ayezi, kutanthauza kuti, pampu yonyowa imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupopera madzi akuya, kenako madziwo amatuluka kudzera mu dzenje la jet pa chitoliro cha jet kuti apange madzi oyenda mosalekeza, kuti madzi asapitirire pamwamba pa madzi akuya.
Ayezi woyandama amene akulowa munjira yoyendera ndi chiopsezo china cha malo osungira magetsi opompedwa m'nyengo yozizira, zomwe zingawononge ma hydraulic turbines ndi zida zina zamakaniko. Poyamba kumanga Huanggou Pumped Storage Power Station, mayeso a chitsanzo adachitika, ndipo liwiro lofunika la ayezi woyandama amene akulowa mu ngalandeyo linawerengedwa kuti ndi 1.05 m/s. Pofuna kuchepetsa liwiro la kuyenda, Huanggou Pumped Storage Power Station yapanga gawo lolowera ndi kutuluka kuti likhale lalikulu mokwanira, ndikuyika magawo owunikira kuthamanga kwa kuyenda ndi kutentha pamalo osiyanasiyana olowera ndi kutuluka. Pambuyo powunikira nyengo yozizira, ogwira ntchito pa malo opangira magetsi sanapeze ayezi woyandama amene akulowa munjira yolowera.
Nthawi yokonzekera Huanggou Pumped Storage Power Station ikuyamba kuyambira Januwale 2016. Gawo loyamba lidzayamba kugwira ntchito popanga magetsi pa Disembala 20, 2021, ndipo gawo lomaliza lidzayamba kugwira ntchito popanga magetsi pa June 29, 2022. Nthawi yonse yomanga pulojekitiyi ndi zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi ndi theka. Poyerekeza ndi mtundu womwewo wa mapulojekiti a malo osungira magetsi opompedwa ku China, nthawi yomanga Huanggou pumped storage power station sinachedwe chifukwa ili m'malo ozizira kwambiri. Pambuyo poyesedwa ndi nyengo yozizira, nyumba zonse za hydraulic, zida ndi zida za Huanggou Pumped Storage Power Station zimagwira ntchito bwino. Makamaka, kutayikira kwakukulu kumbuyo kwa dambo la konkriti pamwamba pa dziwe losungiramo madzi ndi 4.23L/s yokha, ndipo chizindikiro cha kutayikira kwa madzi chili pamwamba kwambiri pakati pa madamu a miyala ya dziko lapansi ofanana ku China. Gawoli limayamba ndi kutumiza, limayankha mwachangu, ndipo limagwira ntchito mokhazikika. Imagwira ntchito za Northeast Power Grid kuti ikwaniritse nthawi yachilimwe, yozizira, ndi zikondwerero zofunika, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti Northeast Power Grid ikugwira ntchito bwino komanso mokhazikika.
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-17-2022
