Bedi loyeserera la hydraulic turbine model limagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupanga ukadaulo wa hydropower. Ndi chida chofunikira kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a mayunitsi. Kuti apange wothamanga aliyense, wothamanga wachitsanzo ayenera kupangidwa poyamba, ndipo chitsanzocho chikhoza kuyesedwa mwa kuyerekezera mita yeniyeni ya hydropower pa benchi yoyesera makina a hydraulic. Ngati deta yonse ikukwaniritsa zofunikira za wogwiritsa ntchito, wothamanga akhoza kupangidwa mwalamulo. Choncho, ena odziwika bwino opanga zida za hydropower kunja ali ndi mabenchi angapo oyesa mutu wapamwamba omwe amakwaniritsa zofunikira za ntchito zosiyanasiyana, monga mabenchi asanu apamwamba apamwamba apamwamba oyesera a kampani ya nyrpic ya France; Hitachi ndi Toshiba aliyense ali ndi maimidwe asanu oyeserera okhala ndi mutu wamadzi wopitilira 50m. Malingana ndi zofunikira za kupanga, bungwe lalikulu la kafukufuku wa makina a magetsi lapanga benchi yoyesera mutu wamadzi wapamwamba ndi ntchito zonse ndi zolondola kwambiri, zomwe zingathe kuyesa mayesero amtundu wa tubular, kutuluka kosakanikirana, kutuluka kwa axial ndi makina osinthika a hydraulic motsatana. Mutu wamadzi ukhoza kufika 150m. Benchi yoyesera imatha kusinthira ku mayeso achitsanzo a mayunitsi ofukula ndi opingasa. Benchi yoyesera idapangidwa ndi masiteshoni awiri a ndi B. ikamagwira ntchito, siteshoni B imayikidwa, yomwe imatha kufupikitsa kuzungulira kwa mayeso. A. B masiteshoni awiri amagawana seti imodzi yamagetsi owongolera magetsi ndi makina oyesera. Makina owongolera magetsi amatenga PROFIBUS ngati pachimake, NAIS fp10sh PLC monga woyang'anira wamkulu, ndipo IPC (kompyuta yowongolera mafakitale) imazindikira kuwongolera kwapakati. Dongosolo limatenga ukadaulo wamabasi akumunda kuti muzindikire njira yowongolera ya digito, yomwe imatsimikizira kudalirika, chitetezo komanso kukonza kosavuta kwadongosolo. Ndi makina oyesera a hydraulic makina omwe ali ndi digiri yayikulu yodzichitira okha ku China. Kupanga kwa dongosolo lowongolera
Benchi yoyezetsa mutu wamadzi amapangidwa ndi ma motors awiri apompo okhala ndi mphamvu yoyika 550KW ndi liwiro lozungulira la 250-1100r / min kuti ifulumizitse kuyenda kwamadzi mupaipi kupita kumutu wamadzi womwe umafunidwa ndi wogwiritsa ntchito ndikusunga mutu wamadzi kuyenda bwino. Magawo a wothamanga amayang'aniridwa ndi dynamometer. Mphamvu yamagalimoto ya dynamometer ndi 500kW, ndipo liwiro lozungulira lili pakati pa 300 ndi 2300r / min. pali dynamometer imodzi pa siteshoni a ndi siteshoni B. Mfundo ya mkulu mutu hydraulic makina mayeso benchi ikuwonetsedwa mkuyu. Pambuyo pa kafukufuku wambiri, DCS500 DC yoyendetsa liwiro imasankhidwa. DCS500 ikhoza kulandira malamulo olamulira m'njira ziwiri, imodzi ndiyo kulandira zizindikiro za 4-20mA kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zothamanga; Chinanso ndikuwonjezera gawo la PROFIBUS DP kuti mukwaniritse zomwe mukufuna polandila mu digito. Njira yoyamba ndi yophweka komanso yotsika mtengo, koma idzasokonezedwa ndi kufalikira kwamakono, zomwe zimakhudza kulondola kwa ulamuliro; Ngakhale njira yachiwiri ndi yokwera mtengo, imatha kutsimikizira kulondola kwa deta mu njira yotumizira ndikuwongolera kulondola. Chifukwa chake, makinawa amagwiritsa ntchito ma DCS500 anayi kuwongolera ma dynamometers awiri ndi ma motor pump amadzi awiri motsatana. Monga PROFIBUS DP pokwerera akapolo, zida zinayizi zimalumikizana ndi master station PLC munjira ya master-slave. PLC imayang'anira kuyambika / kuyimitsidwa kwa dynamometer ndi mota yapampope, imatumiza liwiro la mota kupita ku DCS500 kudzera pa PROFIBUS DP, ndikupeza mawonekedwe oyendetsa galimoto ndi magawo kuchokera ku DCS500, ndikuzitumiza ku IPC yapamwamba kudzera mu PROFIBUS FMS kuti muzindikire kuwunika kwenikweni.
PLC imasankha afp37911 module yopangidwa ndi NAIS Europe ngati master station, yomwe imathandizira ma protocol a FMS ndi DP nthawi yomweyo. Gawoli ndiye siteshoni yayikulu ya FMS ndipo imalumikizana ndi IPC ndi njira yopezera deta mu master master mode; Ilinso ndi DP master station, yomwe imazindikira kulumikizana kwa master-kapolo ndi DCS500.
Dongosolo lotengera deta limatenga ukadaulo wa basi wa VXI kuti utolere magawo osiyanasiyana a dynamometer ndikuwawonetsa pazenera lalikulu, ndikupanga * * * zotsatira kukhala matebulo ndi ma graph (gawoli limamalizidwa ndi makampani ena). IPC imalumikizana ndi data acquisition system kudzera mu FMS. Mapangidwe a dongosolo lonse akuwonetsedwa mkuyu 2.
1.1 fieldbus PROFIBUS PROFIBUS ndi muyezo wopangidwa ndi makampani 13 monga Nokia ndi AEC ndi mabungwe 5 ofufuza zasayansi pantchito yolumikizana. Zalembedwa mu European standard en50170 ndipo ndi imodzi mwamiyezo yovomerezeka yamakampani aku China. Zimaphatikizapo mafomu awa:
PROFIBUS FMS imathetsa ntchito zoyankhulirana pagulu la msonkhano imapereka ntchito zambiri zoyankhulirana imamaliza ntchito zoyankhulirana zozungulira komanso zosagwirizana ndi liwiro lapakatikati. Gawo la Profibus la NAIS limathandizira * * * kuchuluka kwa kulumikizana kwa 1.2mbps ndipo siligwirizana ndi njira yolumikizirana mozungulira imangogwiritsa ntchito MMA non cyclic data transmission master connection kulankhulana ndi ma FMS master stations ndipo gawoli siligwirizana ndi PROFIBUS FMS non cyclic data transmission kulumikizana kwa master kulankhulana ndi masiteshoni ena a FMS
PROFIBUS PA umisiri wodzitchinjiriza wotetezedwa wopangidwa mwapadera kuti uzidziyendetsa umazindikira njira yolumikizirana yomwe ili mu iec1158-2 ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo omwe ali ndi chitetezo chokwanira komanso malo okwerera mabasi. Sing'anga yotumizira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito munjirayi ndi yopindika ya mkuwa yotetezedwa njira yolumikizirana ndi RS485 ndipo kuchuluka kwa kulumikizana ndi 500kbps. Kugwiritsa ntchito mabasi akumunda kumapereka chitsimikizo chachitetezo ndi kudalirika kwadongosolo.
1.2 IPC mafakitale olamulira makompyuta
Kompyuta yam'mwamba yoyang'anira mafakitale imagwiritsa ntchito kompyuta ya Advantech Industrial Control yaku Taiwan imayendetsa mawindo a NT4.0 workstation operating system imagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya WinCC Industrial Configuration ya Siemens skrini yaikulu ikuwonetsera momwe ntchito ikugwiritsidwira ntchito ndi chidziwitso cha mawu a dongosolo, ndikuwonetsa bwino kayendedwe ka mapaipi ndi kutsekeka. Zambiri zimatumizidwa ndi PLC kudzera pa PROFIBUS. IPC ili ndi khadi yapaintaneti ya profiboard yopangidwa ndi kampani yaku Germany yofewa, yomwe idapangidwira PROFIBUS. Kupyolera mu pulogalamu yosinthira yoperekedwa ndi kufewetsa, maukonde amatha kutha, kulumikizana kwa maukonde Cr (ubale wolumikizana) ukhoza kukhazikitsidwa, ndipo dikishonale ya chinthu OD (dikishonale yachinthu) ikhoza kukhazikitsidwa. WINCC imapangidwa ndi Siemens. Imangothandizira kulumikizana mwachindunji ndi S5 / S7 PLC ya kampaniyo, ndipo imatha kulumikizana ndi PLC ina kudzera muukadaulo wa DDE woperekedwa ndi mazenera. Kampani yamapulogalamu imapereka mapulogalamu a seva ya DDE kuti azindikire kulumikizana kwa PROFIBUS ndi WinCC.
Malingaliro a kampani １.３ PLC
Fp10sh ya kampani ya NAIS imasankhidwa ngati PLC.
(2) ntchito yolamulira dongosolo
Kuphatikiza pa kuwongolera ma motor mpope amadzi ndi ma dynamometer awiri, makina owongolera amafunikanso kuwongolera ma valve 28 amagetsi, ma mota 4 olemera, ma mota 8 a pampu yamafuta, ma vacuum pump motors, ma mota 4 otulutsa mafuta ndi ma valve 2 opaka solenoid. Mayendedwe oyenda ndi kutuluka kwa madzi amayendetsedwa ndi kusintha kwa valve kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zoyesa kwa ogwiritsa ntchito.
2.1 mutu wokhazikika Sinthani liwiro lozungulira pampu yamadzi: ipangitseni kukhala yokhazikika pamtengo wina, ndipo mutu wamadzi umakhala wokhazikika panthawiyi; Sinthani liwiro la dynamometer kukhala mtengo wake. Pambuyo pogwira ntchito mokhazikika kwa mphindi 2-4, sonkhanitsani deta yoyenera. Pakuyezetsa, pamafunika kusunga mutu wamadzi wosasintha. Code disk imayikidwa pa injini yapampu kuti itenge liwiro la galimoto, kuti DCS500 ipange chiwongolero chotseka. Liwiro la mpope wamadzi limalowetsedwa ndi kiyibodi ya IPC.
2.2 liwiro lokhazikika
Sinthani liwiro la dynamometer kuti likhale lokhazikika pamtengo wina, ndipo liwiro la dynamometer ndilokhazikika; Sinthani liwiro la mpope kuti likhale lamtengo wapatali (ie sinthani mutu), ndipo sonkhanitsani deta yoyenera pambuyo poti ntchitoyo ikhale yokhazikika kwa mphindi 2-4. DCS500 imapanga chipika chotsekedwa cha liwiro la dynamometer kuti likhazikitse liwiro la dynamometer.
2.3 mayeso othawa
Sinthani liwiro la dynamometer pamtengo wina ndikusunga liwiro la dynamometer osasinthika Sinthani liwiro la mpope wamadzi kuti torque yotulutsa ya dynamometer ikhale pafupifupi ziro (pansi pa ntchitoyi, dynamometer imagwira ntchito yopanga mphamvu ndi magetsi), ndikusonkhanitsa deta yoyenera. Pakuyesa, kuthamanga kwa injini yapampu kumafunika kukhala kosasintha ndikuyendetsedwa ndi DCS500.
2.4 kuwongolera koyenda
Dongosololi lili ndi akasinja awiri owongolera mafunde owongolera ma mita otaya mu dongosolo. Musanasinthidwe, choyamba dziwani mtengo wotuluka, kenako yambani pampu yamadzi, ndikusintha mosalekeza kuthamanga kwa pampu yamadzi. Panthawi imeneyi, tcherani khutu ku mtengo wothamanga. Mtengo wothamanga ukafika pamtengo wofunikira, pangitsa kuti pampu yamadzi ikhale yokhazikika pa liwiro laposachedwa (panthawiyi, madzi amayenda mupaipi yoyeserera). Khazikitsani nthawi yosinthira ya deflector. Ntchito ikakhazikika, yatsani valavu ya solenoid ndikuyamba nthawi. Pa nthawi yomweyi, sinthani madzi a mupaipi kupita ku thanki yoyezera. Pamene nthawi yatha, valavu ya solenoid imachotsedwa. Panthawiyi, madziwo amasinthidwa kupita ku payipi ya calibration, ndipo kuthamanga kwa makina opopera madzi kumachepetsedwa kuti akhazikike pa liwiro linalake. Werengani deta yoyenera. Kenako kukhetsa madzi ndi calibrate mfundo yotsatira.
2.5 pamanja / zosintha zosasokoneza
Pofuna kuwongolera kukonza ndikuwongolera dongosolo, kiyibodi yamanja imapangidwira dongosolo. Wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kuwongolera machitidwe a valve inayake mopanda pa kiyibodi popanda kukakamizidwa ndi kutsekeka. Dongosolo limatengera gawo la NAIS lakutali I / O, lomwe lingapangitse kiyibodi kugwira ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana. Pakusintha kwamanja / kwadzidzidzi, mawonekedwe a valve sasintha.
Dongosolo limatengera PLC ngati wowongolera wamkulu, yemwe amathandizira dongosolo ndikuwonetsetsa kudalirika kwakukulu komanso kusakhazikika kwadongosolo; PROFIBUS imazindikira kufalitsa kwa data kwathunthu, imapewa kusokonezedwa ndi ma elekitiroma, ndipo imapangitsa kuti makinawo akwaniritse zofunikira zamapangidwe; Kugawana deta pakati pa zipangizo zosiyanasiyana kumachitika; Kusinthasintha kwa PROFIBUS kumapereka mikhalidwe yabwino pakukulitsa dongosolo. Dongosolo lopanga dongosolo lotengera mabasi akumunda likhala gawo lalikulu la ntchito zamafakitale.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-24-2022
