Monga gwero la mphamvu zongowonjezedwanso mwachangu, mphamvu ya hydropower nthawi zambiri imagwira ntchito yowongolera kwambiri komanso kuwongolera pafupipafupi mu gridi yamagetsi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mayunitsi amagetsi amadzi nthawi zambiri amafunika kugwira ntchito pansi pamikhalidwe yomwe imasiyana ndi momwe amapangidwira. Mwa kusanthula kuchuluka kwa mayeso oyeserera, zimanenedwa kuti turbine ikamagwira ntchito mopanda mapangidwe, makamaka pansi pamikhalidwe yolemetsa pang'ono, kuthamanga kwamphamvu kumawonekera mu chubu cha turbine. Kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono kwa pulsation iyi kudzasokoneza ntchito yokhazikika ya turbine ndi chitetezo cha unit ndi workshop. Chifukwa chake, kukakamizidwa kwa chubu cholembera kwakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mafakitale ndi maphunziro.
Popeza vuto la kuthamanga kwamphamvu mu chubu la turbine linaperekedwa koyamba mu 1940, chifukwa chake chakhudzidwa ndikukambidwa ndi akatswiri ambiri. Pakali pano, akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti kuthamanga kwa chubu cholembera pansi pazikhalidwe zapang'onopang'ono kumayamba chifukwa cha kayendedwe ka vortex mu chubu chokonzekera; kukhalapo kwa vortex kumapangitsa kugawanika kwapakati pa gawo la mtanda wa chubu lokonzekera kukhala losafanana, ndipo ndi kuzungulira kwa lamba wa vortex, gawo la asymmetric pressure limakhalanso lozungulira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kupanikizika kusinthe nthawi ndi nthawi, kupanga kuthamanga kwamphamvu. The helical vortex imayamba chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwa chubu cholowera pansi pamikhalidwe yolemetsa pang'ono (ie, pali chigawo cha tangential cha velocity). Bungwe la US Bureau of Reclamation lidachita kafukufuku woyeserera pa swirl mu chubu cholembera, ndikusanthula mawonekedwe ndi machitidwe a vortex pansi pa madigiri osiyanasiyana ozungulira. Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti pokhapokha digiri ya swirl ikafika pamlingo wina, gulu la spiral vortex limawonekera mu chubu chokonzekera. The helical vortex imawoneka pansi pamikhalidwe yolemetsa pang'ono, kotero pokhapokha ngati kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwachibale (Q / Qd, Qd ndi chiwerengero cha kayendedwe kake) cha turbine operation ili pakati pa 0.5 ndi 0.85, kupanikizika kwakukulu kudzawonekera mu chubu chokonzekera. Mafupipafupi a chigawo chachikulu cha pulsation ya pulsation yopangidwa ndi lamba wa vortex ndi yochepa kwambiri, yomwe imakhala yofanana ndi 0.2 mpaka 0.4 nthawi yozungulira yothamanga, ndi Q / Qd yaying'ono, yomwe imakhala yothamanga kwambiri. Kuonjezera apo, pamene cavitation ikuchitika, mavuvu a mpweya omwe amapangidwa mu vortex adzawonjezera kukula kwa vortex ndikupangitsa kuti kuthamanga kwapakati kukhale kovuta kwambiri, ndipo kusinthasintha kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya kudzasinthanso.
Pansi pazikhalidwe zolemedwa pang'ono, kugunda kwamphamvu mu chubu chowongolera kumatha kuwopseza kwambiri kukhazikika komanso kotetezeka kwa gawo lamagetsi amagetsi. Pofuna kupondereza kugunda kwamphamvu uku, malingaliro ndi njira zambiri zaperekedwa, monga kuyika zipsepse pakhoma la chubu ndikulowa mu chubu cholembera ndi njira ziwiri zothandiza. Nishi et al. adagwiritsa ntchito njira zoyesera ndi manambala kuti aphunzire momwe zipsepse zimakhudzira kuthamanga kwa chubu, kuphatikiza zotsatira zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipsepse, zotsatira za kuchuluka kwa zipsepse ndi malo awo oyika. Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti kuyika zipsepse kumatha kuchepetsa kwambiri kutsekeka kwa vortex ndikuchepetsa kuthamanga kwamphamvu. Dmitry et al adapezanso kuti kuyika zipsepse kumatha kuchepetsa matalikidwe a kuthamanga kwamphamvu ndi 30% mpaka 40%. Mpweya wabwino kuchokera pabowo lapakati la tsinde lalikulu kupita ku chubu cholembera ndi njira yabwino yopondereza kugunda kwamphamvu. Mlingo wa eccentricity wa vortex. Komanso, Nishi et al. nayenso anayesa ventilate draft chubu kudzera mabowo ang'onoang'ono pamwamba pa zipsepse, ndipo anapeza kuti njira imeneyi akhoza kupondereza kuthamanga pulsation ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya chofunika ndi kochepa kwambiri pamene chipsepse sangathe kugwira ntchito.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-09-2022
